• Personal Liberty
• Political Equality
• Equality of Opportunity
• Equality of Results
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• Minority Majority
• Regional Shifts
• Graying of America
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By 2030, more than half the youth in the U.S. will be of
a racial and/or ethnic minority.
“Minority-Majority” emerging
• REGIONAL SHIFTS
REAPPORTIONMENT
GRAY POWER
• “Organized influence
exerted by seniors.”
• AARP
Socialization
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POLLING!
Public Opinion Polls are
conducted by news
organizations, politicians,
candidates, interest groups
Sample
 the more “random” the better. .
o everyone should have a chance of being selected. .
 1,000 to 1,500 usually enough
 What is “Stratified Sampling?”
 Samples are not perfect – there is a sampling error of about 34% in a typical poll
• Push-“Push polls”
• Example
Generator
• Bandwagon
• Exit poll
Gallup Poll
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Race/Ethnicity:
• 15th Amendment (1870)
• 24th Amendment (1964)
• Voting Rights Act (1965)
• The Gender Gap
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FAMILY INCOME LEVEL
Group Factors …..
Religion
Regional Factors that Affect Public Opinion &
Political Ideology:
Urban v. Suburban
v. Rural America
• Population Density
Region
Region
2012 ELECTORAL VOTES
Democratic Party - a net loss of six electoral votes in safe states, for a
national total of 242
Republican Party - a net gain of seven electoral votes in safe states, for a
national total of 181
Swing states a net loss of one, for a national total of 115.
an African American
ODDS AND ENDS
An African American with an annual income of
$65,000 or higher
WHY IS VOTER TURNOUT SO LOW
A.They are too busy.