Unit 2: Histology - Study Guide
Know these things:
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The four basic tissue types
Distinguishing characteristics of epithelial tissues
How epithelial tissues are classified & named
Pay attention to special characteristics of transitional & pseudostratified epithelial tissues
Glands – if branched or unbranched (simple/compound) and their shape (tubular/acinar)
Be able to describe the characteristics of endocrine & exocrine glands (this will be a short answer question on the
test). Ducts, where substances are secreted, what type of substance, and how exocrine glands are classified.)
Characteristics of connective tissue
Major components of extracellular matrix of connective tissue
Functional characteristics of blood, bone, & all three cartilage types (fluid, strong & rigid, recoils…)
Know the three muscle types & how to tell them apart
Mediators of inflammation (there are two)
Results of mediators of inflammation (vasodilation of blood vessels, etc.)
Major symptoms of inflammation
Replacement vs. regeneration of cells
The type of tissue that first replaces a clot during tissue repair
The purpose of stratification
The difference between merocrine, apocrine, & holocrine exocrine glands
Function of goblet cells
Main function of simple squamous epithelium
What type of epithelial tissues would be found:
 Urinary bladder
 lining of small intestine
 alveoli of lungs
 outer layer of skin
 kidney tubules
What type of connective tissue is found:
 External ear
 Tissue beneath skin
 Tendons & ligaments
 Shock-absorption in knees, between
 Covering ends of bones at joints
vertebrae
 Vocal cords
Functions of cell connections: desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, gap junctions, tight junctions
What these cell types do: clast, blast, & cyte, mast cells, macrophages
Functions of fiber types: reticular, elastic, collagen
The difference between labile, stable, & permanent cell types (regarding division)
Be able to draw a neuron & label it (soma, dendrites, axon, nucleus , and which way an action potential flows
through it ).
The two types of phagocytic cells involved in tissue repair - macrophages & neutrophils (WBC)
Heavy smoking damages the ciliated cells in the trachea – what would happen if cells that replace the damaged
ones do not have cilia? (Buildup of mucus & foreign particles resulting in increased coughing).