Reviewing MATTER

Matter: anything that
has mass and volume
 Mass – the amount of
matter in something
 Volume – the amount
of space something
occupies
Matter can be classified

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Element- substance
with only one type of
atom
Compoundsubstance with two
or more elements
chemically bonded
together.
When a compound forms, its
properties are different from the
original elements
What is a property?
Property: a
characteristic of a
substance that can be
observed
 It can be a physical or
chemical property.

Physical Property
- A property that can be observed
and measured without changing the
material’s composition.
EXTENSIVE Physical Property
Extensive - Properties that depend on the amount of
matter present.
• Mass - A measurement of the amount of matter
in a object (grams).
• Weight - A measurement of the gravitational
force of attraction of the Earth acting on an
object.
• Volume - A measurement of the amount of
space a substance occupies.
• Length- distance between two points
Extensive Physical Properties

Look at your pencil or pen, if you break it in
half, the extensive properties will be different.

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The pieces will have a different mass, weight,
volume, and length.
Extensive properties depend on size
INTENSIVE Physical Property

Intensive - Properties that do not depend on the
amount of the matter present.
 Color
 Odor
 Luster (Shiny, glassy, dull)
 Malleability (can it be flattened)
 Ductility (can it be pulled into a wire)
 Electrical Conductivity (can it conduct electricity)
 Hardness (on a Mohs scale)
 Melting/Freezing/Boiling Points
 Density
 State of Matter (solid, liquid, gas)
Intensive Physical Properties

Look at your pencil or pen, if you break it in
half, the intensive properties will be the same.
 It’s still yellow, the graphite still has a
hardness of 2, the density of each piece
hasn’t changed, and it’s still a solid.
 Intensive properties DON’T depend on size
Chemical Properties


Chemical property: a property that can only be
observed by changing the composition
(chemical formula) of the material.
Does it have the potential to change into a new
substance?
Examples:
• Will it burn?
•Will it rust?
•Will it react with vinegar
(acids) or other chemicals?
Properties of Matter

Why do I care? Understanding the different
properties of matter will help you to better
classify and describe the world around you.
Physical and Chemical Properties
can be used to identify matter

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Gold or fool’s gold?
Diamond or quartz?
Oak or Maple?
Metamorphic or
Igneous?
Zinc or Aluminum?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJ
OGy0dgmUU
Properties song
Challenge: Use physical
properties to identify your cookie

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Problem: Can you observe and record the
physical properties of a cookie and later
identify it from a pile of other cookies?
Safety: Do not open the bag and do not eat the
cookie!