Welcome to the
Canadian Red Cross
First Aid & CPR
Course
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
What is the ACT Foundation?
ACT…
• Fundraises for mannequins and AED for schools.
• Brings CPR to all schools.
• Is partnered nationally with health partners who
support ACT’s Canada-wide goal for CPR in
schools:
 AstraZeneca Canada
 Pfizer Canada
 Sanofi
Visit ACT! www.actfoundation.ca
Slide 2
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Day 1
Preparing to Respond
EMS
Check, Call, Care
Slide 3
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Why Do I Need To Learn CPR?
The first link in the
Chain of Survival*
begins with YOU!
* © Reproduced with the permission of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, 2009.
The Chain of Survival™ is a trade-mark of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.
See page 3, ACT Student Manual
Slide 4
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Chain of Survival
The key to surviving emergencies is a CHAIN REACTION:
• Early Healthy Choices – making lifestyle decisions
• Early Recognition – recognizing a serious developing
emergency
• Early Access – calling 911 for help
• Early CPR – maintaining a person’s breathing and
circulation until help arrives
• Early Defibrillation – a machine that delivers a shock to
the heart
• Early Advanced Care – paramedics racing to the side of a
sick person
• Early Rehabilitation – returning to a normal lifestyle after a
cardiac problem
Slide 5
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
The 4 R’s of CPR
• RISK – factors in your life that predispose you to
developing heart problems or a stroke
• RECOGNIZE – how to recognize a serious developing
emergency
• REACT – what to do when you see a developing
emergency
• RESUSCITATE – how to do CPR and how to help
someone who is choking
Slide 6
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Laws that Protect First Aiders
Ontario
• The Good Samaritan Act, 2001
• a legal principle that prevents a rescuer who has
voluntarily helped a victim in distress from being
successfully sued for 'wrongdoing.'
• Its purpose is to keep people from being so reluctant to
help a stranger in need for fear of legal repercussions if
they made some mistake in treatment.
***It is KEY to get the person’s consent before you help, or
parent/guardian consent for an injured child. For an
UNCONSCIOUS person, consent is IMPLIED.
Slide 7
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Definition of First Aid
First aid is the immediate care that you give to a sick or
injured person until more advanced care can be obtained.
The First Aider’s Role:
1. Recognize the
emergency
2. Call EMS/9-1-1
3. Act according to your
skills, knowledge, and
comfort level
Slide 8
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Common Concerns About Providing First Aid
•
•
•
•
•
Slide 9
Other people at the scene
The ill or injured person
Unpleasant injuries or illnesses
Catching a disease
Doing something wrong
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Infection
An infection is a condition caused by the invasion of
the body by germs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Slide 10
Germs in the environment
The germs enter body
Enough germs to cause infection
The individual’s natural defences must be weak
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
How is an Infection Spread Between People?
Direct contact >
Indirect contact >
Slide 11
Airborne
transmission >
Vector transmission >
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Preventing Diseases From Spreading
• Take personal
precautions
• Wear protective
equipment
• Take
environmental
precautions
Slide 12
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Preparing to Respond – Summary Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Slide 13
List three examples of a medical emergency.
How can a disease be transmitted in first aid?
How can disease transmission be prevented in first aid?
Can you be sued for doing first aid?
Name three elements of a home safety plan.
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Hazards, Holler and a Little PLT
• ESM = Emergency Scene Management
• Check for Hazards – “no fire, no wire, no gas, no glass…”
• Holler for help, if you are alone; call 911
While waiting for an ambulance, make the person more
comfortable by:
Position the person so they are most comfortable.
Loosen tight clothing at the neck or waist.
Talk to the person – let them know that help is on the way.
Stay with them; if they become unconscious they may
need your help even more!
Slide 14
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Check, Call, Care – Be Systematic
Check
Call
Care
Slide 15
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Check – Begin a Primary Survey
Before helping at an emergency,
check the scene:
1. Is it safe?
2. What happened?
How did it happen?
3. How many ill or injured people are
there?
4. Is there someone to help me?
5. Is there someone who looks
unconscious?
Slide 16
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
If the scene is safe, check the person:
• Do they respond?
– Ask the person, “Are you okay?”
– If it is safe, get closer
– Gently tap the person on the shoulder
• Do they want your help?
– Tell them:
• Who you are
• You are trained in first aid
• You are here to help
Slide 17
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Call
•
•
Call EMS/9-1-1
Be ready to tell the dispatcher the
following:
1. Where exactly the emergency is
2. What telephone number you are
calling from
3. What your name is
4. What has happened
5. How many people are involved
and what their condition is
Slide 18
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Care
•
•
Slide 19
Determine care required: check CABs
Treat life-threatening emergencies immediately
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Check ABCs for Life-Threatening Emergencies
Check:
• Circulation
• Airway
• Breathing
Slide 20
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Shock
Shock is a potentially life-threatening condition in which
vital organs do not receive enough oxygen-rich blood.
Shock can be caused by:
injury, illness, infection, or emotion.
Treat everybody for shock.
S & S: anxiety, cold or clammy skin, skin that is paler than
usual, weakness, confusion, unconsciousness, weak/rapid
pulse, rapid breathing, excessive thirst, nausea and
vomiting, drowsiness
Slide 21
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
First Aid – Shock
While you are waiting for EMS
personnel to arrive:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Care for the cause of the
shock.
Keep the person warm.
Monitor CABs.
Have the person rest.
Give comfort and
reassurance.
**FLASH the paramedics!
(…wave and or flash lights when
you see them, that is…!)
Slide 22
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Secondary Survey: Are there any other injuries?
Only do a secondary survey if the CABs are present.
Do the three-steps of a secondary survey:
1. Ask SAMPLE questions
2. Check vital signs
3. Do a head-to-toe check
Always complete the secondary survey before treating
any non-life-threatening injuries.
Slide 23
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Secondary Survey – SAMPLE Questions
S
A
M
P
L
E
Slide 24
Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history
Last meal
Events leading up to the emergency
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Secondary Survey – Vital Signs
• Level of consciousness
• Breathing
• Skin
Slide 25
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Secondary Survey – Head-to-Toe Check
Hands-Off Check
Slide 26
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Secondary Survey – Head-to-Toe Check
Hands-On Check
Slide 27
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Continual Care
•
•
Keep the person
comfortable
Put an unconscious
person in the RECOVERY
POSITION if:
– The airway is open
– The person is
breathing
– There is no deadly
bleeding
– You don’t suspect a
neck or back injury
•
Monitor the person
Slide 28
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Summary
Check
•
•
Check the scene
Check the person
Call
•
Call EMS/9-1-1
Care
•
Deal with life-threatening conditions (CABs)
Secondary Survey
•
Perform a secondary survey and treat any non-life-threatening
injuries
Continual Care
•
Keep the person comfortable and monitor vital signs
Slide 29
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Check, Call, Care – Summary Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What should you do during the check?
What actions must you take in call?
What actions must you take in care?
What can you do to prevent shock?
What do you do during the secondary survey?
What does the acronym SAMPLE stand for?
What should you look for in a head-to-toe check?
***PRACTICE THE RECOVERY POSITION!
Slide 30
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Cool Idea!
• ICE your phone!
• ICE stands for In Case of Emergency.
Putting ICE before your designated next of kin in your list
of contact numbers lets emergency personnel know who
to contact in case of emergency!
Slide 31
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Day 2
Choking
&
Airway Emergencies
Slide 32
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Airway System – Anatomy and Physiology
•
Nose
Mouth
We breathe in 21%
oxygen and breathe out
16% oxygen…This is
more than enough to
sustain life.
Epiglottis
Trachea
Lungs
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Slide 33
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Airway Blockages
•
•
A mild airway obstruction
occurs when the airway is
partly blocked, reducing the
flow of air to the lungs
Blockage
A severe airway obstruction
occurs when the airway is
totally blocked, stopping air
from reaching the lungs
S&S:
If the person can speak, cough,
or breathe, it is mild choking.
Slide 34
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – Adult Conscious
Step 1.
Assess the airway blockage
Step 2.
Holler for help
See page 14, ACT Student Manual
Slide 35
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – Adult Conscious
Step 3.
Give abdominal thrusts
Step 4.
Repeat abdominal thrusts
See page 14, ACT Student Manual
Slide 36
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – If the Choking Person
Becomes Unconscious
Step 1.
Call 9-1-1
Step 2.
Open the mouth and look for the
obstruction
See page 15, ACT Student Manual
Slide 37
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – If the Choking Person
Becomes Unconscious
Step 3.
Open the airway
Step 4.
Try to give a breath
See page 15, ACT Student Manual
Slide 38
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – If the Choking Person
Becomes Unconscious
Step 5.
If the chest does not rise, landmark
and give 30 chest compressions
See page 15, ACT Student Manual
Slide 39
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – If the Choking Person
Becomes Unconscious
Step 6.
Open the mouth and look for the
obstruction
Step 7.
Repeat sequence of chest
compressions
See page 15, ACT Student Manual
Slide 40
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – Adult Found Unconscious
Step 1.
Check for hazards
Step 2.
Assess responsiveness
Step 3.
Call 9-1-1
See page 15-16 ACT Student Manual
Slide 41
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – Adult Found Unconscious
Step 4.
Landmark and give 30 chest
compressions
Step 5.
Open the airway
See page 16, ACT Student Manual
Slide 42
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – Adult Found Unconscious
Step 6.
Try to give a breath
Step 7.
Open the mouth and look for the
obstruction
See page 16, ACT Student Manual
Slide 43
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Choking – Adult Found Unconscious
Step 8.
Repeat sequence of
chest compressions
Recovery Position:
See page 16, ACT Student Manual
Slide 44
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
ACT Manual
Using the ACT Manual:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Describe 2 types of choking. (p. 14)
Describe signs and symptoms of mild choking. (p. 14)
Describe signs and symptoms of severe choking (p. 14)
Know the universal sign for choking. (p. 14)
Refer to pp. 14-16 for the first aid for conscious severe
choking adult and for unconscious severe choking adult.
Demo and/or DVD#3 & DVD#6
Slide 45
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Airway Emergencies – Summary Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
Slide 46
How would you recognize that someone is choking?
What are the first aid steps for mild choking?
What are the first aid steps for conscious severe choking?
What are the first aid steps for someone who is choking
and becomes unconscious? ...you will need to be able to show this skill!
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
DVD’s & Practice:
• DVD 3 – Conscious Choking Adult
• DVD 6 – Unconscious Choking Adult
• Practice Time!
Pair up and practice conscious and unconscious choking
first aid!
Slide 47
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Reminder Tips!
• Ask the person if he/she is choking.
• Be prepared for the person to become unconscious.
• With an adult, when the first breath does not go in, tilt the
head back further.
• Check in the mouth for objects after using chest
compressions to unblock the airway and BEFORE trying
to give rescue breaths again.
• Keep the jaw open with one hand while removing the
object with the other hand. (tongue-jaw grab)
• Go back to the ABC’s every time the situation changes.
Slide 48
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Day 3
Circulation
Emergencies
Slide 49
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
No Oxygen: Brain Cells Die
Without oxygen, brain cells begin to
die in 4 to 6 minutes.
0 minute: Breathing stops. Heart will soon
stop beating. Clinical death.
4-6 minutes: Brain damage possible.
6-10 minutes: Brain damage likely.
10+ minutes: Irreversible brain damage
certain. Biological death.
Doing CPR “resets” the clock.
Slide 50
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Anatomy and Physiology
To upper body
Aorta
To lung
To lung
From lung
From lung
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
From lower body
Slide 51
To lower body
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Chest Pain
• Angina
A blockage that
opens up after a
little bit and the
pain goes away
(temporarily).
• Heart attack
An artery that
STAYS blocked,
the pain remains,
and the area of
affected heart
muscle starts to
die.
(aka – myocardial
infarction)
Slide 52
Partial blockage
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Risk Factors for Developing
Cardiovascular Disease
Controllable factors:
Other factors:
Major:
• Smoking
• Poor diet (cholesterol: HDL/LDL)
• High blood pressure
• Diabetes (*)
• Gender
• Heredity
• Age
(Can’t do anything to
change these ones!)
Minor
• Obesity
• Lack of regular exercise
• Stress
Slide 53
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
Smoking
• Leading cause of heart disease in Canada
• Causes lung cancer
• Second-hand air pollution
• Stinky breath
Copyright © Province of British Columbia. All rights reserved.
Reprinted with permission of the Province of British Columbia.
www.ipp.gov.bc.ca
See page 6, ACT Student Manual
Slide 54
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
Anatomy of a Cigarette
Image courtesy of Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Slide 55
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
High Blood Cholesterol
• Too much cholesterol can cause
heart disease or stroke
• Means lots of fat in the blood
• Some fat is produced by the body;
other fat comes from food
• What you can do: Eat vegetables, fruits & grain
products; reduce fat in diet; exercise
See page 6, ACT Student Manual
Slide 56
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
High Blood Pressure
• Can damage your heart and blood vessels
• Increases chances of a heart attack or stroke
• Heart has to work harder
• Some causes: hereditary,
diet, stress
• Get it checked regularly
Blood pressure cuff
See page 6, ACT Student Manual
Slide 57
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
Diabetes
• Affects the level of sugar and fat in your blood
• Eat properly, follow doctor’s instructions
See page 6, ACT Student Manual
Slide 58
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
Obesity and Lack of Exercise
• Obesity: Heart has to pump harder all the
time to move blood around
• Exercise: Your heart is a muscle - it works
better if you keep fit & active
See page 6-7, ACT Student Manual
Slide 59
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RISK FACTORS
Stress
• Affects the body in very
physical ways
• Stress over a long period of
time can cause body to
break down
• Heart problems may result
See page 7, ACT Student Manual
Slide 60
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Signs and Symptoms of Heart Attack
and Angina
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Squeezing chest pain
Problems breathing
Abdominal or back pain (most commonly in women)
Cold, sweaty skin
Skin that is bluish or paler than normal
Nausea and vomiting
Denial
Signs and symptoms vary from person to person.
Slide 61
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
5P’s
•
•
•
•
•
Slide 62
Pain
Pale
Puking
Puffing
Pooped
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
First Aid – Heart Attack and Angina
1. Have the person rest.
2. Ask if they have taken any erectile dysfunction drugs. If
they have, do not allow them to take nitroglycerin.
3. Help the person take their nitroglycerin and ASA.
• Take one dose every 5 minutes (3 doses maximum).
• If they don’t carry nitroglycerin, or if the first dose
doesn’t make the pain go away, suggest they chew
two 80 mg ASA tablets or one 325 mg ASA tablet.
Slide 63
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Cardiac Arrest
Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops beating.
Causes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Slide 64
Cardiovascular disease
Drowning
Suffocation
Certain drugs
Severe chest injuries
Severe blood loss
Electrocution
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and
Automated External Defibrillation (AED)
• Clinical death occurs when
the heart stops. It is
reversible.
• CPR keeps oxygen-rich
blood circulating
throughout the body.
• AED can deliver a shock to
re-establish an effective
rhythm. Quick defibrillation
greatly increases chances
of survival.
Slide 65
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
As simple as CAB-D!
Compressions
Airway
Breathing
Defibrillation
See page 10, ACT Student Manual
Slide 66
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
One Rescuer CPR – Adult
Step 1.
Check for hazards
Step 2.
Assess responsiveness
Step 3.
Call 9-1-1 & retrieve defibrillator ASAP
See page 11, ACT Student Manual
Slide 67
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
One Rescuer CPR – Adult
Step 4.
Landmark for chest compressions
Step 5.
Give 30 compressions
See page 11, ACT Student Manual
Slide 68
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
One Rescuer CPR – Adult
Step 6.
Open the airway
See page 12, ACT Student Manual
Slide 69
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
One Rescuer CPR – Adult
Step 7.
Give 2 breaths if the person is
not breathing normally
See page 12, ACT Student Manual
Slide 70
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
Remember:
30 and 2
30 and 2
30 and 2
is what you do.
Rock ‘em till someone can
SHOCK ‘EM…!
See page 12, ACT Student Manual
Slide 71
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
DVD
• DVD #9
-CPR technique
Slide 72
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Early AED
• Survival rate decreases 7% to 10% with each minute
there is a delay
• Defibrillation combined with CPR, is the key treatment in
more than 80% of all sudden cardiac arrest victims
For unwitnessed arrest:
• 2 minutes of CPR can increase chances of the AED
detecting a shockable rhythm
…more on AEDs later!
Slide 73
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Stroke
A stroke happens when the blood flow to the brain
gets interrupted
Causes:
• A clot in an artery to the brain
• An artery that ruptures in the brain
• A tumour
Slide 74
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RECOGNIZE
Signals of a Stroke
•
Sudden paralysis of the face, arm or leg
•
Sudden speech problems
•
Weakness, numbness,
or tingling in the face, arm or leg
•
Sudden headache or dizziness
See page 8, ACT Student Manual
Slide 75
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Signs and Symptoms of Transient Ischemic
Attacks and Stroke
F - Face
A - Arm
S - Speech
T - Time
•
•
•
•
Slide 76
First Aid:
Call EMS/9-1-1
Have the person rest
Place the person in the recovery position
with the affected side up
Monitor CABs and provide reassurance
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Circulation Emergencies – Summary Questions
1. List the risk factors for developing cardiovascular
disease.
2. What is the first aid for someone complaining of chest
pain?
3. When do you do CPR?
4. What are the signs and symptoms of a stroke?
5. What is the first aid for a suspected stroke?
(REVIEW - refer to pp. 4-7 in the ACT Manual)
Slide 77
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Day 4
Cardiac Arrest
&
Automated External
Defibrillator
(AED)…or (PAD)
Slide 78
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Small Change…CABD!
•
•
•
•
Circulation
Airway
Breathing
DEFIBRILLATION!
• What’s a defibrillator?
Slide 79
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Chase McEachern Act
•
•
•
•
In addition to Ontario’s Good Samaritan Act, there is also now liability
protection for people using public automated external defibrillators
(AEDs). The Chase McEachern Act came into force on July 3, 2007
and is named after 11 year old Barrie resident Chase McEachern.
After being diagnosed with an irregular heartbeat, and hearing that
two professional hockey players also have irregular heart beats like
his, Chase decided to start a campaign to make defibrillators
mandatory in hockey arenas and schools everywhere.
In February 2006, Chase passed out in gym class and was rushed to
the hospital. Efforts to resuscitate him failed. The McEachern family
created a tribute fund in honour of their son. A donor made a
$100,000 gift to the fund with the condition it be used to put
defibrillators in arenas in Grey and Bruce counties.
The Chase McEachern Act protects individuals and health care
professionals from liability for damages that may occur in relation to
their use of an AED to save someone’s life at the immediate scene of
an emergency. It also protects the owners and occupiers of the
buildings where AEDs are installed from liability that may occur in
relation to the use of the AED provided that the owner or occupier of
the building made the AED available for use in good faith.
Slide 80
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Using an AED
When using an AED:
• Turn on the machine
• Follow the diagrams to place the pads
• Use the age appropriate pads
• Follow the voice prompts!
No one touch the person.
When shocking, state, “I’m clear, you’re clear,
everybody’s clear.”
Slide 81
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
How the AED Works
Ventricular
Fibrillation
Shock
Delivered
Heart
Recovery
Normal Sinus
Rhythm
In Ventricular Fibrillation heart muscles become all “squirmy”
... they don’t pump blood properly
The AED recognizes that and shocks the heart
... often that fixes the problem
Slide 82
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
When should I use an AED?
If a person is …
• Unresponsive
• Not breathing
• Appears to be 8+ years or 55+ lbs (25+ kg)
Slide 83
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
How to use an AED
• Continue CPR until someone
brings you the AED
• Place the AED right beside you
• Turn on AED
• Make sure someone continues
CPR while you follow AED prompts
See page 13, ACT Student Manual
Slide 84
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
RESUSCITATE
How to use an AED
• Once pads are properly applied,
AED will tell you to stop CPR and
not touch the patient
• It will start “analyzing heart
rhythm” to see if it needs to shock
the person
• If it sees a shockable rhythm, the
AED will tell you: “shock advised”
See page 13, ACT Student Manual
Slide 85
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
A Properly Prepared AED Should ALSO Have:
• Razor
• Scissors
• Cloth
Slide 86
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
DVD
• DVD #9
– Review Check, Call, Care, CPR & AED
• Demonstrate AED
Slide 87
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Practice Time!
• Work in groups of 3 to practice with the AED.
• Be able to:
-describe special considerations with the AED, particularly
safety considerations!
-describe adjuncts used with the AED
(pocket mask, scissors, towel, razor)
Slide 88
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR
Day 5
Practical
&
Written Testing
Slide 89
Copyright © 2006 The Canadian Red Cross Society
First Aid & CPR