NGf L CYMRU GCaD
NGf L CYMRU GCaD
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NGf L CYMRU GCaD
Write descriptions of differing interpretations of the
advances of women during the First World War.
What
I’m
Looking
For
Give an explanation of why different historical
interpretations might be produced.
Click to reveal
Use appropriate dates and historical terms.
Suitably structure your work.
NGf L CYMRU GCaD
Click to reveal
Click to reveal
Source A
Source B
CYMRU GCaD
When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?
Who is the author? What do they do?
Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about women during WW1?
NGf L
During the First World War women's work and
status began to change. Women were actively
recruited to do war work and many others
volunteered … At the end of the war it was clear
that women and their work had been vital to the
war effort.
[From the education section of the Imperial War Museum
website, www.iwm.org.uk looking at women’s lives in the
20th and 21st centuries (2008)]
Source A
What evidence may have been looked at and how might this explain how the
interpretation was produced?
Source B
Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about women during WW1?
NGf L
CYMRU GCaD
When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?
Who is the author? What do they do?
Throughout the war … most male-dominated
professions remained closed to women. Even in areas
where they were employed in large numbers, such as
munitions and transport, they were often treated as
inferior, stop-gap replacements for enlisted men.
Moreover, women's wages, routinely portrayed as 'high'
in the wartime press, remained significantly lower than
those of their male counterparts.
[From the commentary to the BBC TV documentary series Out of
the Doll’s House, which looked at the history of women in the
twentieth century (1988)]
Source A
What evidence may have been looked at and how might this explain how the
interpretation was produced?
Source B
Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about womenNGf
during
the war?GCaD
L CYMRU
Help!
Source A
During the First World War women's work and
status began to change. Women were actively
recruited to do war work and many others
volunteered … At the end of the war it was
clear that women and their work had been
vital to the war effort.
NGf L CYMRU GCaD
Click to
check
answers
Most women in
domestic service
Most women in
domestic service
Most women in
domestic service
Work in
munitions factories
Work in
munitions factories
Work in
munitions factories
Married women
not expected to work
Married women
not expected to work
Married women
not expected to work
Women campaigned
for the vote
Women campaigned
for the vote
Women campaigned
for the vote
Women were paid
less than men
Women were paid
less than men
Women were paid
less than men
Women took on
‘male only ’ jobs
Women took on
‘male only ’ jobs
Women took on
‘male only ’ jobs
Women joined the
Land Army
Women joined the
Land Army
Women joined the
Land Army
Many men saw
women as inferior
Many men saw
women as inferior
Many men saw
women as inferior
Women joined the
armed forces
Women joined the
armed forces
Women joined the
armed forces
Women were nurses
Women were nurses
Women were nurses
Click the arrows to move the statements under the correct heading
Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about women during
war? GCaD
NGf Lthe
CYMRU
Read the information below to try and help you understand a little
more about the work of women during the First World War.
As men left their jobs to volunteer to fight for
King and country, they were replaced by
women. As a result the number of women
employed increased from 3,224,600 in July,
1914 to 4,814,600 in January 1918.
Women took up roles in government
departments,
became
clerical
workers,
worked as conductors on trams and buses,
worked on the land, in the munitions industry,
did heavy work such as unloading coal,
stoking furnaces and building ships.
Women also served as non-combatants in the
Women's Royal Navy Service (WRNS),
Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) and
Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF). Others
became nurses or joined the Voluntary Aid
Detachments (V.A.D.).
Female bus conductors on a tramcar
in Cardiff
Source: Cardiff Central Library
Who is the author? What do they do?
Help!
NGf L CYMRU GCaD
[From the education section of the Imperial War
Museum website, www.iwm.org.uk looking at
women’s lives in the 20th and 21st centuries
(2008)]
Education Section
Designed to provide materials for school
Children and therefore might lead to resources
but in this case it is produced by a knowledgeable author.
being more generalised and less specific.
Imperial War
Museum
Designed to provide materials for school children
A museum devoted to Britain’s
and therefore might lead to resources being more
involvement
armed
conflicts.
generalisedin
and
less specific.
Website
Might be untrustworthy as anyone can produce a website,
Might beA
untrustworthy
as anyone can
produce a website,
museum devoted
to Britain’s
but in this
case it is produced
by a knowledgeable
involvement
in armed
conflicts. author.
Click the tabs to match the terms on the left with an explanation on the right.
Source A
Answers
NGf
L CYMRU GCaD
When was the source written? What might have influenced the
author?
Help!
[From the education section of the Imperial War
Museum website, www.iwm.org.uk looking at
women’s lives in the 20th and 21st centuries
(2008)]
Views given would be based on
the most up-to-date evidence.
Facts would be distorted to just
show one-side of the argument.
Would make it primary source
and reflect one person’s opinion.
The museum was looking to make
children more aware of the role of
women during the two World Wars.
The Imperial War Museum was
recognised for its accuracy and
had a good reputation.
More objective accounts are
produced as this is long after the
events.
Source A
Answers
Click on the tabs to change to the correct colour.
What evidence may have been looked at and how might this explain how the interpretation
was produced?
NGf L CYMRU
GCaD
[From the education section of the Imperial War
Museum website, www.iwm.org.uk looking at
women’s lives in the 20th and 21st centuries
(2008)]
The views of many historians.
Official records that were available.
Those in charge of the various
collections are archivists and
historians who read widely.
The Government has a 30 year
rule on evidence but does not
need to release everything.
Accounts given by women who worked during the war.
Account of men who served with women during the war.
Source A
Click on the statements that you believe to be true.
The museum has many
records from diaries to
interviews.
The museum has
many records from
diaries to interviews.
Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about women during
war? GCaD
NGf Lthe
CYMRU
Help!
Throughout the war … most male-dominated professions
remained closed to women. Even in areas where they were
employed in large numbers, such as munitions and
transport, they were often treated as inferior, stop-gap
replacements for enlisted men. Moreover, women's wages,
routinely portrayed as 'high' in the wartime press, remained
significantly lower than those of their male counterparts.
What evidence is used by the
writer to support their view?
Source B
NGf L CYMRU GCaD
Number of women in
work increased by 1.6 m
Number of women in
work increased by 1.6 m
Number of women in
work increased by 1.6 m
700,000 worked in
munitions factories
700,000 worked in
munitions factories
700,000 worked in
munitions factories
Women became bus
and tram conductors
Women became bus
and tram conductors
Women became bus
and tram conductors
Employers ensured women
were paid less than men
Employers ensured women
were paid less than men
Employers ensured women
were paid less than men
More women joined
trade unions
More women joined
trade unions
More women joined
trade unions
The government had to persuade
the Unions to allow women in
to the factories
The government had to persuade
the Unions to allow women in
to the factories
The government had to persuade
the Unions to allow women in
to the factories
23,000 women joined
the Land Army
23,000 women joined
the Land Army
23,000 women joined
the Land Army
Women joined the armed
forces in non-combat roles
Women joined the armed
forces in non-combat roles
Women joined the armed
forces in non-combat roles
Women over 30
got the vote in 1918
Women over 30
got the vote in 1918
Women over 30
got the vote in 1918
At the end of the war women
were forced out of jobs
At the end of the war women
were forced out of jobs
At the end of the war women
were forced out of jobs
Read the statements and decide how much actually changed for women
Who is the author? What do they do?
Help!
NGf L CYMRU GCaD
[From the commentary to the BBC TV
documentary series Out of the Doll’s House,
which looked at the history of women in the
twentieth century (1988)]
BBC TV
well
respected organisation
that is known
for
AATV
programme
intended to present
opinions
Producing
well-researched
programmes.
on past
or present
events by interviewing
people.
Documentary
A TV
programme
concentrated
the lives
A TV
programmethat
intended
to presenton
opinions
th
on past
presentduring
events the
by interviewing
people.
ofor
women
20 century.
Out of the Doll’s
House
well
respected that
organisation
that ison
known
for
AATV
programme
concentrated
the lives
th century.
Producing
of women
well-researched
during the 20programmes.
Click the tabs to match the terms on the left with an explanation on the right.
Source B
Answers
NGf
L CYMRU GCaD
When was the source written? What might have influenced the
author?
Help!
[From the commentary to the BBC TV
documentary series Out of the Doll’s House,
which looked at the history of women in the
twentieth century (1988)]
Produced as women were still
treated poorly in Britain.
Written a long time after the
events
so was less emotive.
Written over eighty years after the
events so is less reliable.
Produced at a time when people
were aware of the long-term
impact of the war.
Produced when many female
historians wanted to show the War
affected more than the soldiers.
The producers were still able
to talk to some women who had
worked during the war.
Source B
Answers
Click on the tabs to change to the correct colour.
What evidence may have been looked at and how might this explain how the interpretation
was produced?
NGf L CYMRU
GCaD
[From the commentary to the BBC TV
documentary series Out of the Doll’s House,
which looked at the history of women in the
twentieth century (1988)]
The views of many historians.
Official records that were available.
Those in charge of the various
collections are archivists and
historians who read widely.
The Government has a 30 year
rule on evidence but does not
need to release everything.
Accounts given by women who worked during the war.
Account of men who served with women during the war.
Source B
Click on the statements that you believe to be true.
The museum has many
records from diaries to
interviews.
The museum has
many records from
diaries to interviews.