Industrial Revolution Study Guide
Directions: Answer the questions in complete sentences as thoroughly as possible.
Bolded questions are potential essay questions on the test. You do not need to write the
question.
1. What was so revolutionary about the Industrial Revolution?
10.3.1 - Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize.
2. Explain why England was the first country to industrialize by explaining the 4
factors.
3. What was the greatest agricultural change which took place during the agricultural
revolution which later contributed to the developed of the English Industrial
Revolution?
4. What was a direct effect from the increase in food during the agricultural revolution?
5. What was the driving force behind thriving economy of England? (Hint: still drives us
today)
6. What was so different about the industrial revolution from before factories to after
factories?
7. What was the most important power source which powered factories in the 1700’s?
10.3.2- Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy
brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and
discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison).
8. Name 1 invention and explain the impact it had on Britain from a social, cultural, or
economical aspect. (2 for 1 aspect, 3 for 2 aspects, 4 for 3 aspects).
9. Who was Louis Pasteur and why is he so famous? What is he so famous for?
10. What impact did the steam engine have on the growth of industry?
11. What did James Watt improve on, and how did he improve it?
12. What was the result of the Industrial revolution due to all the inventions?
10.3.3 - Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities
associated with the Industrial Revolution.
13. Why did people move to the cities and what was this process called?
14. How did disease spread in the cities so easily?
10.3.4 - Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade
and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the
union movement.
15. What is collective bargaining and why was it important during the Industrial
Revolution?
16. What is a strike? Give an example of a strike. Explain your example.
17. Where did a majority of the work force of North America come from?
18. What was the social classes like during the industrial revolution? Did the become
more equal or more separated. Explain.
10.3.5 - Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor,
and capital in an industrial economy.
19. What is an entrepreneur and what might his/her role be during the Industrial
Revolution?
20. How did entrepreneurs increase production output in the Industrial Revolution?
21. How did trade contribute to the growth of an industrial economy in England during
the Industrial Revolution?
22. How did England maintain the steady import of cotton when cotton was not readily
available from their number 1 source, the United State (because of the Civil War). Hint:
Law of Supply and Demand
23. What is the goal of industrial production?
10.3.6 - Analyze the emergence of capitalism as a dominant economic pattern and the
responses to it, including Utopianism, Social Democracy, Socialism, and Communism.
24. Explain one economic system (utopia, utilitarianism, socialism or communism) and
explain why it was an alternative (a different option) to capitalism. Be sure to explain
how the system works, who and why it was created, and how it benefited the people
who lived in the system.
25. What was the MAIN reason for the economic systems such as utopianism, socialism,
etc. to break off of capitalism?
26. How can you sum up each economic system in 1 word and explain why that 1 word
is used.
27. What is a social democracy? What popular country today runs a social democracy?