How plants reproduce
Different methods of reproduction
Nonvascular plants
• Nonvascular plants can move water, nutrients,
and food only from one cell to the next.
• This is why nonvascular plants are so small.
• Nonvascular plants do not have flowers so
they do not produce seeds.
• Instead they reproduce with spores.
• Def- spores are single reproductive cells that
grow into a new plant.
Simple vascular plants
• Simple vascular plants reproduce with spores.
• Like nonvascular plants they have 2 different
stages in their life cycles.
• Ferns unite cells from both male and female
plant cells.
• But the united cell or zygote divides and grows
into a separate spore producing plant.
Cone bearing vascular plants
• Seed bearing plants make less seeds, but the
seeds have a better chance of growing into a
plant.
• It has a better chance because the seed contains
food to feed the plant when it is first sprouting.
• Most vascular plants reproduce with seeds.
• There are two kinds of seed producing plantswith no protections or gymnosperms; or seeds
with protection or angiosperms.
• Gymnosperm’s seeds do not have much
protection. The most common kinds are conifers
or cone bearing plants like pine trees.
• Most conifers produce male and female cones on
the same tree. Male cones contain the pollen
and the wind blows the pollen into the female
cones and the seeds develop hidden in the cone.
When the weather becomes dry and warm, the
cones open, releasing the seeds to grow.
Flowering vascular plants
Plants that produce flowers are those that have
fruits.
Fruits are the protection for the seeds inside.
The fruit’s fleshy part keeps animals from
getting the seeds, protects it from harsh
weather, and provides food for the growing
sprout.
Seed dispersal
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Seeds can be spread through many ways.
Attaching to objects that brush by is one way.
Wind blowing them far away is another.
Animal droppings after eating them is another
way.
• Sometimes it just gets knocked and carried
away by an animal such as humans.
Seed germination
• A seed survives inside the seed coat until
conditions are right for it to grow.
• Conditions like fertile soil, enough rainfall,
warm temperatures,