Lewis Diagrams
For Ionic and
Covalent
Compounds
First, we’ll consider the ionic
compound strontium fluoride.
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
Sr
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
Strontium fluoride will be an
ionic compound
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
Electrons will be transferred from the
metal to the non-metal atoms.
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
2+
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
2+
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
2+
F
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
2+
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
Fluoride
ion
2+
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
Fluoride
ion
2+
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
Fluoride
ion
–
2+
Sr
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
–
2+
Sr
Lewis Diagram for
Strontium
Fluoride
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
Has a
Stable
Octet
–
2+
Sr
F
Has a
Stable
Octet
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
–
2+
Sr
Has no
valence
electrons
left
F
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
–
2+
Sr
F
Formula for strontium
fluoride is
First, we’ll consider the ionic compound strontium fluoride.
–
F
–
2+
Sr
F
Formula for strontium
fluoride is SrF2
Now we’ll do another example.
This time we’ll draw the Lewis
diagram for the ionic compound
potassium sulphide.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
I need to gain
1 e– here.
I need to gain
1 e– here.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
I can lose this
one valence e–.
S
K
I need to gain
1 e– here.
I need to gain
1 e– here.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
The compound formed will be ionic.
Electrons will be transferred, NOT
shared.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
The compound formed will be ionic.
Electrons will be transferred, NOT
shared.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
The compound formed will be ionic.
Electrons will be transferred, NOT
shared.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
K
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
A
potassium
cation
+
S
K
A
potassium
cation
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
+
S
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
+
2–
S
A
sulphide
anion
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
+
2–
S
The Lewis Diagram
for Potassium
Sulphide
K
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
+
2–
S
K
There are 2 potassium ions for every
sulphide ion, so the formula for potassium
sulphide is K2S.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
+
2–
S
K
There are 2 potassium ions for every
sulphide ion, so the formula for potassium
sulphide is K2S.
Draw the Lewis diagram for the ionic compound potassium sulphide.
+
K
+
2–
S
K
There are 2 potassium ions for every
sulphide ion, so the formula for potassium
sulphide is K2S.
Lewis diagrams can also be used
to show the formation of
covalent compounds.
Lewis diagrams can also be used
to show the formation of
covalent compounds. In this
example, we’ll show how the
covalent compound hydrogen
selenide is formed.
Hydrogen can
He
either lose, or
share its valence e–.
H
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
When hydrogen forms a compound with selenium,
the compound, in the gaseous form, is found to be
covalent.
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
When hydrogen forms a compound with selenium,
the compound, in the gaseous form, is found to be
covalent. So in this case hydrogen shares its valence
electron rather than losing it.
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
A hydrogen
atom with one
valence e–
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
A Se atom
with 6
valence e–’s
Se
H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
This electron will be
SHARED, not lost!
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
I need to gain
1 e– here.
H
H
I need to gain
1 e– here.
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
Another
hydrogen atom
H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
The entire atoms
will move, rather
than just their
electrons.
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se
H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
These 2 valence e–’s
are shared between
Se and H
Se H
H
These 2 valence e–’s
are shared between
Se and H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
A COVALENT
bond
Se H
H
A COVALENT
bond
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
A
stable
octet
Se H
H
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
This H feels the
same electron
arrangement as
Helium
Se H
H
This H feels the
same electron
arrangement as
Helium
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
The Lewis
Diagram for
hydrogen
selenide
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
These shared
electron pairs
can be replaced
by lines
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
Like this!
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
Each one of these
lines is called a
single covalent bond
We’ll show how the covalent compound hydrogen selenide is formed.
Se H
H
The Lewis
Diagram
for
hydrogen
selenide
Se H
H
In this example, we’ll see how Lewis
diagrams can be used to show how the
covalent compound of phosphorus and
chlorine forms. The compound is called
phosphorus trichloride.
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Lone pair
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
Unpaired e–
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
Unpaired e–
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P
Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl
P Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
The formula for this compound is PCl3,
and its name is phosphorus trichloride
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
The formula for this compound is PCl3,
and its name is phosphorus trichloride
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
The formula for this compound is PCl3,
and its name is phosphorus trichloride
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
The phosphorus
atom has a
stable octet
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
The 3 chlorine
atoms each have
a stable octet
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
There are 3 covalent
bonds in which a pair
of electrons is shared
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
These shared electron
pairs can be replaced
by single lines.
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
These shared electron
pairs can be replaced
by single lines.
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
Cl P Cl
Cl
Using Lewis diagrams, show how phosphorus trichloride forms from its atoms.
Cl P Cl
Cl
Cl P Cl
Cl
Lewis Diagram of
Phosphorus Trichloride, PCl3
Lewis Diagrams
Showing Double and
Triple Covalent Bonds
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element
Its formula is O2
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element
Its formula is O2
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
Unpaired
electrons
O
Unpaired
electrons
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
2 pairs of
electrons are
being shared
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
The Lewis Diagram for
an oxygen molecule, O2
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Each shared pair of electrons is
replaced by a line
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
Each shared pair of electrons is
replaced by a line
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
This is called a
double covalent bond
Oxygen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is O2
O
O
O
The Lewis Diagram for
an oxygen molecule, O2
O
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element
Its formula is N2
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
lone
pair
N
N
lone
pair
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
3 unpaired 3 unpaired
electrons
electrons
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
The Lewis Diagram for a molecule of N2
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
Has a
stable
octet
N
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
Has a
stable
octet
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
These 3
pairs of
electrons
are shared
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
We have
3
parallel
lines
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
A triple
covalent
bond
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
A triple
covalent
bond
Nitrogen is a Diatomic Element. Its formula is N2
N
N
N
N
The Lewis Diagram for a molecule of N2