Essential GED Science Terms
Question
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Answer
Biological
Process
a fundamental property that is common to all living organisms
Constancy
the tendency for things to remain unchanged
Entropy
the tendency of a system to become randomly disorganized
Equilibrium
a condition in which change takes place in equal and opposite
ways
Evidence
observations and data from experiments that support or oppose a
stated point of view
Evolution
a series of changes that occur over time
Explanation
the addition of newly acquired evidence to facts that are already
known
Hypothesis
a reasonable explanation of evidence or a prediction based on
evidence
Law of Chance
a description of the probability of something happening
Law of Nature
a property of nature that does not change
Model
an idea, drawing, or object that stands for the real thing
Opinion
a personal belief that is often based on a person's own value
system
Order
the tendency of properties and behavior to be predictable
Scientific Fact
a conclusion, based on evidence, about which scientists agree
System
an organized group of related objects or components that form a
whole
Essential GED Life Science Terms
Question
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Answer
Daughter cells
The cells produced as a result of cell division; each identical to the
parent cell.
Trachea
The tube through which air passes from the back of the mouth to the
lungs; also called the windpipe.
Fermentation
A Type of cellular respiration not requiring oxygen, in which food is
broken down into carbon dioxide and alcohol, with the release of
energy
Cloning
The process of artificially producing an exact genetic copy of an
existing individual organism
Cerebellum
The part of the human brain that controls movement, coordination
and balance : located below the cerebrum at the base of the skull
Cerebrum
The largest part of the human brain, which coordinates all higher
functions such as perception thinking, and conscious
Evolution
Change over time; usually refers to the development of new species
over time
Photosynthesis
The chemical process by which green plants convert water and
carbon dioxide into food an oxygen using absorbed from sunlight or
other light
5th Grade Chemistry Terms – Mixtures & Solutions www.studystack.com/studytable-492298
Question
Answer
Mixture
Two or more materials stirred together.
Property
A characteristic of an object, something you can observe such as
size, color, shape, or texture.
Solution
A special mixture formed when a material dissolves in water.
Dissolving
A process in which one material disperses uniformly into another
material, so that the first material seems to disappear.
Evaporation
Causes liquids to dry up – the liquid turns to gas and disperses into
the air, leaving any dissolved material behind.
Crystal
The solid form of a material that can be identified by its properties,
such as shape, color, and pattern.
Solvent
The liquid part of a solution.
Solute
The solid dissolved in the solvent of a solution.
Saturated
Solution
A solution which cannot dissolve any more solvent.
Solubility
The property that substances have of dissolving in solvents.
Concentration
The amount of material dissolved in a measure of liquid.
Dilute
To make a solution less concentrated, usually by adding more
liquid.
Volume
The three-dimensional space occupied by something.
Chemical
Reaction
A change that occurs when two or more materials (chemicals) are
mixed together.
Precipitate
A solid material that forms as the result of a reaction.
Change
The process of becoming something different.
Reactant
A chemical that reacts to produce a change when mixed with
another chemical.
7th Grade Chemistry – Matter & Atoms Flashcards & Games http://www.studystack.com/studytable810883
Question
Answer
What are the 4 states of matter?
liquid, solid, gas, plasma
What are 3 parts of an atom?
proton, neutron & electron
What is nucleus made out of?
protons
What are the characteristics of
physical changes?
1. Matter remains the same kind of matter.
2. No new substance are formed in physical
changes (unlike chemical changes)
What are the possible indicators of
physical change?
1. size changes 2. shape changes 3. phase
changes (from solid to liquid etc.)
What is volume?
The amount of space an object takes up
What are atoms?
A molecule that is made out of two or more
atoms
What is combustibility?
The ability to burn something
What is conductivity?
When something moves from one place to
another
What is a nucleus?
The nucleus is the middle of an atom
What is carbon?
Carbon is what every living thing is made of.
(organic science)
What is a compound?
A substance made out of two or more different
elements.
The study of matter and how matter
changes
chemistry
What is physical change?
A change in which alters the form or
appearance of the matter (but not the
chemical properties.)
What is energy?
everything in the universe is either made out
of matter or energy
What is an element?
a basic substance that cannot be broken
down into other substances
the word that describes the connection
bond
between atoms in a molecule
What is a solution?
a mixture that cannot be brought back to what
is was
What is a solution?
Two or more parts mixed together
T or F? Air can be weighed.
false
T or F? Both air and heat are matter.
false
T or F? Matter takes up space.
true
T or F? Light is matter.
false
T or F? Matter can be in different
shapes.
false
T or F? A solid had a definite shape.
true
T or F? You cannot change a shape of
false
a solid.
T or F? When water changes to steam
false (It’s a physical change.)
it undergoes a chemical change.
T or F? Air will expand to fill the space true (Gasses do that. Solids and liquids
available.
don’t.)
8th Grade Chemistry
http://www.studystack.com/studytable-171419adf
Question
Answer
Anything that has volume and mass
Matter
Smallest unit of an element
Atom
Small, dense center of an atom composed of protons and
neutrons
Nucleus
Positively charged subatomic particle located in the nucleus of
atoms
Proton
A subatomic particle located in the nucleus of atoms that has no
charge
Neutron
A negatively charged subatomic particle located in energy levels
around the nucleus of atoms
Electron
The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
Valence electron
The basic building blocks of matter and are composed of just one
Element
type of atom
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom which identifies
the element
Atomic Number
The mass of an atom which is the total number of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass number
The average mass of all the isotopes of an element
Atomic Mass
Each vertical column of elements on the periodic table
Family/group
Each horizontal row of elements on the periodic table
Period
A property of matter that describes a substance based on its
ability to change into a new substance with different properties
Chemical property
A property of matter that can be observed or measured without
changing the identity of the matter
Physical property
A change that occurs when one or more substances are changed
Chemical change
into entirely new substances with different properties.
A change that affects the size, shape, phase or color of a
substance but does not affect is composition. The same
substance or substances remain. No new ones are formed
Physical change
Elements that are shiny, ductile, and malleable and are good
conductors or thermal energy and electrical current
Metals
Elements that are not shiny and are poor conductors of thermal
energy and electric current
Non-metals
Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals;
sometimes referred to as semiconductors.
Metalloids
Materials that reduce or inhibit the transfer of thermal energy and
electric current
Insulators
Materials that conduct thermal energy and electric current very
well
Conductors
The process by which one or more substances change to produce
Chemical reaction
one or more different substances
A chemical reaction which absorbs heat energy
Endothermic
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction in which heat energy is released.
Exothermic
chemical reaction
A shorthand or abbreviated way to write the name of a chemical
element
Chemical symbol
A shorthand description that uses chemical formulas to describe a Chemical
chemical reaction.
equation
The starting substance or substances in a chemical reaction
Reactants
The substance or substances that are formed in a chemical
reaction
Products
A charged particle that forms during chemical changes when one
or more valence electrons transfer from one atom to another
Ions