THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN
WAR
France and England (Britain)
both had colonies in North
America and in other parts of
the world in the 1700’s.
The French colony was called
New France. It was located
along the St. Lawrence River
Valley with its capital, Quebec.
New France followed along the Great Lakes
and along the Ohio and Mississippi River
valleys as well.
The French made their money in their
colony through fur trapping. The French
did not want the land to be changed. They
wanted the land to be covered with forests
and woods so the fur bearing animals
would live there.
The French wanted cooperation with the
Indian tribes who lived in these areas so the
French and Indians could trade for furs.
HERE WAS NEW
FRANCE
The English (British) had 13 colonies
along the Atlantic Coast from New
Hampshire to Georgia.
The British colonies made their
money by fishing, ship building in
New England, farming wheat, corn,
barley in the Middle colonies and
tobacco, rice, indigo, hemp in the
Southern colonies.
THE 13
BRITISH
COLONIE
The British colonies changed the land into farm
land. The French wanted the land to remain as
it was and not turned into farm land.
The British and French had different plans for
the land in North America. They were going to
go to war with each other over who would
control North America.
They had fought earlier wars in the colonies:
King William’s war - 1689
Queen Anne’s war - 1702
King George’s war - 1744
The French and Indian War was the final
war between France and England in
America.
The war spread to Europe. There it was
called the Seven Years War.
The Seven Years War was the first “worldwide” war.
The war was fought in North America,
Europe, India, the Atlantic Ocean, the
Caribbean Sea, the English Channel.
The French and Indian War was a
very expensive war.
The war was called the “French and
Indian” War because the British were
fighting against the French and their
Indian allies.
The British also had allies, the
Iroquois, who fought against the
French.
The first big battle of the French and
Indian War was the battle for Fort
Duquesne.
This fort was located at the forks of
the Allegheny and Monongehela
Rivers met to form the Ohio River.
This is the site of modern day
Pittsburgh.
This is what Fort Duquesne looked like in 1755.
This is where Fort
Dusquesne was located.
This is a picture of downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
O
The Battle for Fort
Duquesne took place
here
QuickTime™ and a
mpeg4 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Hundreds were killed in the attack of Fort
Duquesne including General Braddock. George
Washington had horses shot out from under him
and his uniform torn by bullets, but was not
injured.
There were several other defeats for the British
along the Appalachian Mountain frontier. The
French had forts that were well defended.
William Pitt became the Prime Minister of Britain
in 1757. He said Fort Louisbourg had to be
captured and the St. Lawrence River blocked so
the supplies to the frontier forts could be
stopped.
O
This is where the
Battle for Fort
Louisbourg took
place.
QuickTime™ and a
mpeg4 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
After the capture of the Fort
Louisbourg and the control of the
St. Lawrence River, the plan was
to capture the capital of New
France, Quebec.
The first video is on the failure of
the British to invade and capture
Quebec.
QuickTime™ and a
mpeg4 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Now the British ascended the
cliffs to the Plains of Abraham for
the Battle of Quebec.
This battle was the decisive battle
of the French and Indian War.
QuickTime™ and a
mpeg4 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Quebec surrendered in 1759.
Montreal was captured in
1760.
All the frontier forts of the
French were abandoned or
defeated.
The British now controlled all of
New France.
The Seven Years War in Europe
would give England a huge
victory over France.
France lost nearly all its land in
North America to Britain.
HERE WAS NEW
FRANCE
Now Britain
owned all of
Canada and all
the land from
the Atlantic
Ocean to the
Miississippi
River
The French and Indian War was very
expensive for England.
They had fought over much of the
world, paid for soldiers, sailors,
guns, cannons, ammunition,
uniforms, food…everything needed
to fight a war.
The British now had a huge empire in
North America, Europe and in India to
rule.
From where would Britain
get all the money to pay for
the war???
They would have to get
new tax money from
someone, somewhere!!!!!