The French and Indian War
Reasons for the Revolution
The French and Indian War
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The French began to move into the Ohio
Valley in 1753
The British reacted in Virginia by sending
George Washington to establish a Fort at the
present day location of Pittsburg Pennsylvania.
The French however arrived first and
Washington could not drive them out.
Washington and his men kill a French diplomat
in a skirmish. This started the war.
British Militia Officer George
Washington
Fort Necessity:
Washington Surrendered to the French. The French and Indian War had begun.
The Battle of for Fort
Duquesne Phase II
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Regular British General Officer Braddock
is given command with orders to take
Fort Duquesne.
George Washington serves as guide for
the army.
Washington advises caution against
Indian attack.
Braddock ignores him and is killed.
Washington and the army retreat back
to Virginia.
The Death of General
Braddock
The French Win Many Battles
Early on in the War
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Fort William and
Henry is an example
of early French
domination on the
battlefield.
North American Indians Fight
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Native Americans take sides in the
conflict.
The Iroquois fight for the British.
The Algonquin and Huron for the
French.
Most Indian tribes choose the French
because they are less likely to take their
land.
Bloody Hand to Hand Combat
A New British Prime Minister is
Chosen
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William Pitt is voted in
as new PM.
He chooses to send his
best Generals to fight in
North America instead
of protecting Gr. Br. or
going to protect other
parts of the Empire.
It is a risky plan.
It is a successful plan.
The Critical Battle is Fought
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The Battle for
Quebec is fought.
The French are
Command by
General Montcalm.
The British are
commanded by
General Wolfe .
The Plains of Abraham
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The British sail up
the St. Lawrence.
The British surprise
the French.
They climb the steep
slopes outside of
Quebec thought to
be impossible.
The British are Victorious
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They defeat the
forces of the French
Both commanding
Generals are killed;
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Montcalm – French
Wolfe - British
The British Win the War
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By conquering Montreal and Quebec the
British control the St. Lawrence
Seaway.
The French cannot re - supply their
forts in North America.
The French are forced to surrender.
The Treaty of Paris
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Diplomats from both sides meet in Paris
to sign a peace treaty.
Britain receives the land from the
Mississippi River to the Appalachian
Mountains.
It is one of the largest land exchanges
in history.
New British Land
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Land received by the
British in the French
and Indian War in
what would later
become part of the
United States.
Problems Created by the
French and Indian War
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A huge debt for the British to pay for the war.
The British borrowed this debt to pay to
protect her colonies.
Ben Franklin organized the Albany Congress;
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It was the first time 12 colonies considered
organizing together.
Planned defenses against the French (Colonial
Militias).
Colonies reject plan; afraid to lose power
Problems Created by the
French and Indian War
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Colonists move into the Ohio Valley
Movement results in Indian War
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Ottawa Indians attack
British intervene and defeat Chief Pontiac
Proclamation of 1763
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Colonists in Ohio Valley forced to leave
Colonists not allowed across Appalachians
Problems Created by the
French and Indian War
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British must raise money for debt.
Parliament levies Sugar Act;
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First direct tax on colonies
Upsets Colonists
Colonists protest, boycott, and smuggle
illegal rum
Sugar Act fails and is revoked
Slowly the American Colonies move
away from Great Britain over taxes.