The Rise of Ancient Greece
700 B.C.-336 B.C.
Religion
Polytheistic: worshiped many gods
 Humanized deities
 Zeus: chief god
 Sky and weather

Polis
Independent city-state
 Formed colonies to grow grain for the
Polis

Population

Citizens
 Vote
& own property
 Expected to serve in the government and
military
 The minority

Non-Citizens
 Slaves,
foreign-born, & women
 The majority
Athens and Sparta
Sparta



Oligarchy: rule by a few wealthy people
Women had more freedom and rights than in
other city-states.
Military Society
Invasion over colonization
 200,000 slaves, 10,000 Spartans

Athens
Democracy: rule by all citizens
 Constitution (507 B.C.): made all free,
Athenian-born men citizens
 Focused on education and public service
 Culture, art, and philosophy flourished

Greek Philosophers
What is philosophy?
Socrates (470 B.C.-399 B.C.)
Absolute truth
 Socratic Questioning
 Sentenced to death for
corrupting the youth
of Athens.

“The School of Athens” by Raphael (1510)
Plato & Aristotle
Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave”
Plato

Wrote The Republic
 Community
over the individual
 Rule by philosopher-kings
“World of appearance”
perceived by the senses.
 “Real world” understood
through logic and reason.

Aristotle
Valued knowledge from the senses
 Logic


Example: The Syllogism
If A then B
A
 Therefore B

Wars of Classical Greece (500-338 B.C.)
Hoplites (Greek Soldiers) in a Phalanx formation
Persian Empire: strongest military power
Persian Wars
(499B.C.-479 B.C.)
Persians sought expansion
into Europe.
 Greek city-states
cooperated and forced
Persians back to Asia.

Who fought in the next war?
Peloponnesian War (431 B.C.- 404 B.C.)
Athenian Empire vs. Spartan-led alliance
 Weakens all city states

 Led
to an invasion of Greece
Macedonia Conquers Greece 338 B.C.
North of Greece in the Balkan
Peninsula.
 Greek Influenced Culture

 Greek-influenced
 Greek-style
army
language.
Alex
Alexander the Great
Ruled the Macedonian empire from 336
B.C. to 323 B.C.
 Extended empire south to Egypt and
east to the Indus river.
 Political unity of Alexander’s empire
ended with his death.


Led to the Hellenistic (“to imitate Greeks”) Era
Works Cited
"Ancient Greece Map." 7 Aug. 2009
<http://www.salem.k12.va.us/staff/kbaer/3rd%20grade/graphics
/greece/Ancient%20Greece.gif>.
Brown, Robert W. Lecture Notes: Ancient Civilizations. 2006.
University of North Carolina at Pembroke. 27 May 2009
<http://www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/lecture_ancient_civ.htm>.
Farah, Mounir A., and Andrea B. Karls. World History: The Human
Experience. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999. 104-51.
Hanson, Hardy. Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War . 2007.
Brooklyn College. 27 May 2009
<http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/hansen/thucinfo.ht
m>.
"Mount Olympus." 7 Aug. 2009
<http://static.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/images/BN3589_8.j
pg>.
"Ostracon." Positive Liberty. Oct. 2004. Positive
Liberty. 7 Aug. 2009
<http://www.positiveliberty.com/2004/10>.
"The Security Systems of Athens and Sparta." Discovery
Education. 2009. Discovery Education. 7 Aug. 2009
<http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guid
AssetId=14EC5B6D-2F40-4F8F-80F00522E5DBD2F0&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=U
S>.
"This is Sparta." Wikimedia Commons. 25 Apr.
2009. Wikimedia Foundation. 7 Aug. 2009
<http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TH
IS_IS_SPARTA.jpg>.
"This Is Sparta Map." My Space. 7 Aug. 2009
<www.myspace.com/tx_curry>.
"Zeus." Ancient Greek Art: Zeus. Ed. Aaron Atsma.
2007. Theoi Project Copyright . 7 Aug. 2009
<http://www.theoi.com/Gallery/K1.1.html>.
Show what you know.

World History Themes

Describe an example of each of the World
History Themes as they relate to the Greeks.
Display one graphically.