Mitosis Meiosis Comparison
Mitosis
Meiosis
Crossing Over
Mitosis Meiosis Comparison
Mitosis
Mitosis is when a cell divides itself in half to make two identical copies. Therefore, it is a form
of asexual reproduction, because it just involves a cell dividing into two. Before mitosis, the cell
creates an identical set of genetic information – this is called DNA replication or ‘Interphase'.
The duplicated genetic information then winds up into a visible object called a chromosome. A
chromosome is made up of two chromatid joined at the centromere.
Mitosis happens in all types of cells in the human body except with sperm and ova (egg) cells.
The sperm and ova are also called gametes or sex cells. The gametes go through a different
division method called meiosis. Mitosis is essential for living things, it is meant a way for living
things to grow. Also it is processed used to repair and replace cells that have been damaged.
Mitosis always results in two diploid cells. With them being genetically identically to the
original cell.
MEIOSIS
Meiosis (pronounced my-oh-sis) is a process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut
in half. In animals, meiosis always results in the formation of gametes, or sex cells, such as,
sperm or egg. Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and therefore occurs in all
eukaryotes that reproduce sexually.
During meiosis, long segments of DNA packaged into chromosomes, undergo DNA replication
followed by two rounds of division, resulting in four haploid cells. A haploid cell contains only
half the amount of chromosomes of the original cell. This is important because during
fertilization, an egg and sperm join. They both need only half of the DNA (chromosomes) so
that when they join, a zygote with a full set of chromosomes (diploid) is produced.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Comparison
GLUE THIS PAGE DOWN INTO
YOUR SCIENCE NOTEBOOK
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Comparison
Mitosis
What is the number of
daughter cells that
results from each
process?
How does the
chromosome number
compare with the
original cell?
Haploid or diploid?
Type of reproduction?
How many times the
cell divide?
What is the purpose
for each type of cell
division?
How do the daughter
cells compare
genetically to the
parent cell in both
mitosis and meiosis?
Types of cells
produced by the
process
Meiosis
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Comparison
Identify the process: In the chart below identify whether the
statement refers to mitosis or meiosis
Characteristic
Produces gametes
New cells are genetically identical
to parent cell
Occurs in the reproductive organs
2 new cells are produced
4 new cells are produced
New cells are haploid
New cells are diploid
Involves 2 rounds of cell division
Produces new bone, muscle, skin
cells, etc.
Produces cells when someone is
growing
Ensures the same number of
chromosomes are passed on
between generations
Crossing-over occurs
New cells are genetically different
from parent cell
Produces sperm or egg cells
Mitosis or Meiosis
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Comparison
Instructions:
- Answer the essential question using the information from today’s notes and
activity.
- You must uses 7-10 complete sentences
- Highlight and number each period.
- You must use the following terms in your answer: diploid, haploid, somatic,
and gamete. Box/highlight when you use the term.
Essential Question:
What are the similarities and differences between mitosis
and meiosis?
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