Asset Focused,
Person Centered Model
Strategies for a
Rural Homeless Model
Presenter: Brent L. Anderson
Objectives of this class
• To distinguish Asset Focused/Development
Focused models from other models of care.
• To learn how this basic philosophy has been
used in various parts of society with success.
Positive Youth Development, Asset Building
Model, Clubhouse, Housing First, and others.
• To explore how rural homeless programs may
benefit from development focused strategies.
Strategy
strategy strategy strategy strategy strategy strategy
“It is dangerous to know only one thing. This
creates short sightedness. The principle of
strategy is having one thing, to know ten
thousand things.”
~Miyamoto Musashi
strat·e·gy [strat-i-jee]
Origin: 1680–90; < Greek stratēgía generalship, equivalent to stratēg ( ós ) military
commander, general ( strat ( ós ) army + -ēgos noun derivative of ágein to lead)
noun, plural strat·e·gies.
1. Also, strategics. the science or art of combining and employing the
means of war in planning and directing large military movements and
operations.
2. use or an instance of using this science or art.
3. skillful use of a stratagem: The salesperson's strategy was to seem
always to agree with the customer.
4. a plan, method, or series of maneuvers or stratagems for
obtaining a specific goal or result: a strategy for getting ahead in the
world.
Miyamoto Musashi (宮本 武蔵), c. 1584 – June 13, 1645
Miyamoto Musashi was a Japanese swordsman and
rōnin. Musashi, as he was often simply known,
became renowned through stories of his excellent
swordsmanship in numerous duels, even from a very
young age.
He was the founder of the Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū (the
school of the strategy) and the Niten-ryū (two sword
fighting) style of swordsmanship and the author of
The Book of Five Rings a book on strategy, tactics,
and philosophy that is still studied today by military
strategists, military schools, and business leaders.
Strategy #1 Know the Person
• Lets get to know you a little better.
• Please fill out the provided form.
[discussion]
Development vs. Prevalent Models
Development Model
Medical Model
Asset Focused, Person Centered, Rehabilitation
Risk focused, Intervention, Recovery/cure
• Power and control is given, shared,
and/or negotiated.
• Structures are flexible. Choices can
be negotiated or created.
• Staff are guides, mentors, advisers,
consultants, cheerleaders. Power is
shared equally or given away to the
participant. Solutions are created with
the participants.
• Power and control is in the hands of
the program/organization.
• Structures are fairly rigid. If choices
are give it is from a menu of options.
• Staff are the experts, professionals,
rule enforcers, coaches, teachers.
Power lies with the expert. Cures,
solutions and fixes are doled out.
Development vs. Prevalent Models
Development Model
Medical Model
Asset Focused, Person Centered, Rehabilitation
Risk focused, Intervention, Recovery/cure
Continued • Expectations are high, tolerances are
low. Participants experience natural
consequences for their chosen
behaviors both positive and negative.
“What can we help you achieve, what
are your goals?” (power lies with the
individual participant)
Continued • Conformance and performance.
Participants follow the prescribed
program and rules and receive
rewards. “You do [this] and we will give
you [this].” (power lies with the
professionals)
Housing First
• Housing First is an approach to ending
homelessness that centers on providing
people experiencing homelessness with
housing as quickly as possible – and then
providing services as needed. This approach
has the benefit of being consistent with what
most people experiencing homelessness want
and seek help to achieve.
Housing First programs
share critical elements:
• A focus on helping individuals and families
access and sustain permanent rental housing
as quickly as possible without time limits;
• A variety of services delivered to promote
housing stability and individual well-being on
an as-needed basis; and
• A standard lease agreement to housing – as
opposed to mandated therapy or services
compliance.
TIME Video
Why 'Housing First' Saves Homeless Lives and Public Money
http://www.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,1011477093001_2085601,00.html
• Seemed counter intuitive on the surface.
[why?]
• Costs less than leaving people on the streets
Street: $100,000+ per year vs.
Housing First: $26,800 per year. [results]
• Notice the comments made about conforming
with the rules in the “services as usual”
approach. [discuss]
Strategy #2
Think Broadly –Openly - Logically
Caution: Beware of the Either/Or Fallacy
Either/Or Fallacy
(also called "the Black-and-White Fallacy," "Excluded
Middle," "False Dilemma," or "False
Dichotomy"):
This fallacy occurs when a writer builds an argument upon
the assumption that there are only two choices or possible
outcomes when actually there are several. Outcomes are
seldom so simple. This fallacy most frequently appears in
connection to sweeping generalizations: “Either we must
ban X or the American way of life will collapse.”
– Cont. to next page
Strategy #2
Think Broadly –Openly - Logically
Caution: Beware of the Either/Or Fallacy
– Continued
"We go to war with Canada, or else Canada will eventually
grow in population and overwhelm the United States."
"Either you drink Burpsy Cola, or you will have no friends
and no social life.
" Either you must avoid either/or fallacies, or everyone will
think you are foolish.”
People with Mental Illness
• About five percent of American adults have a severe mental
illness, according to the Center for Mental Health Services,
part of the U.S. Dept. of HHS
• Approximately one-third of the nation's homeless have a
severe mental illness.
• The National Alliance for Mental Illness says that the rate of
success for treating a first episode of bipolar disorder is 80
percent; for major depression, 70 percent; and for
schizophrenia, 60 percent.
• Slightly more than one-fourth of the 1,000,000 hospital
admissions in the United States in 1998 were for psychiatric
care, according to the CMHS.
Clubhouse Model
•
•
•
•
•
Better transitional employment results: longer on-the-job tenure is found to be
highly correlated with Clubhouse attendance.
Cost effectiveness: the cost of ICCD Clubhouses is estimated to be one-third of the
cost of the IPS model; about one-half the annual costs of Community Mental
Health Centers; and substantially less than the ACT model.
Reduced hospital stays: membership in an ICCD Clubhouse has resulted in a
significant decrease in the number of hospitalizations.
Reduced incarcerations: criminal justice system involvement is substantially
diminished during and after Clubhouse psychosocial program membership.
Improved well-being:
Compared with individuals receiving services as usual, ICCD Clubhouse
members have been shown to be significantly more likely to report that they
had close friendships and someone they could rely on when they needed
help.
A recent study has suggested that service systems should prioritize services
that offer ongoing social supports like ICCD Clubhouses because they
enhance mental and physical health by reducing disconnectedness.
Video Clip
Dead Poets Society
Conformity
[Discussion]
Positive Youth Development
• Engagement - People need opportunities to
engage in meaningful activities, have a voice,
take responsibility for their actions and
actively participate in civic discourse. When
people are not engaged in meaningful
activities or in environments that honor their
voice, they are at risk for feeling their
existence has no meaning for others or
themselves.
Positive Youth Development
• Connectedness - People need to belong. They
need to be connected to a family and a
community to thrive. A growing body of brain
research indicates that humans are
"hardwired to connect". Social connectedness
enables us to experience an increased ability
to formulate a greater sense of self identity
and fosters security, hope, self-worth and an
overall sense of purpose.
Positive Youth Development
• Preparedness - People need to develop
competencies and skills. Competencies range
from cognitive, social emotional, vocational
and cultural. With these competencies people
are in a better position to successfully
overcome adversity, as well as to accomplish
personal goals.
Positive Youth Development
• Safety & Basic Needs - People need their
needs met (housing, food, medical, social,
etc.) and to feel safe before they can set goals
for future growth.
Positive Youth Development
• Voice - People need to be included as active
participants in any initiative that affects them
or their lives. They have to be equal partners
in the process.
Video Clip
Dangerous Minds
Questions
• How might you uses some Development
Strategies in your community?