Earth Science:
 General area of science that studies the
process that change the Earth’s surface.
Have you ever eaten a boiled egg?
 How many layers does it have?
 How are the Earth and a boiled egg the
same?
 An answer: They both have layers.
Layers of the Earth
 Earth has 3 layers
1st Layer: Crust (Lithosphere – which
is crust + solid part of the mantle):
 1% of Earths mass. Thinner layer.
 5km-60km (5-25 miles) thick.
 Where life lives.
Two types of Crust
Continental Crust:
*Under continents
*Made of oxygen, silicon,
and aluminum.
*Heavy Granite rock.
Oceanic Crust:
*Under Ocean.
*Made of iron, calcium,
and magnesium.
*Thin and dense crust.
*Made of volcanic rock
(Basaltic Rock).
 ___________ is the first layer of the Earth.
Labels 1st Layer of the Earth
nd
2
layer Mantle
1. Mohorovičić (Pronounced MOE-hoeroe-VIT-jich and also called Moho)
discontinuity: Area that separates crust
from mantle.
 2. 67% of Earth’s mass.
 3.Thickest layer. 2,900 Kilometers (1,800
miles).
 4. Made of magnesium, less silicon and
aluminum.
 5. More dense than crust.

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6.Has three areas:
– 1st 100km (62miles), very rigid rock. Temp:
870 degrees C (1,600 F).
– 2nd area 100km-250 km (155 miles), close to
melting point. Like plastic (toothpaste). This
is magma.
– 3rd area 250 km-2,900km rigid solid rock
again. 2,200 C (4,000 F).
– Mantle rock pushes through crust. Scientists
study it.
Asthenosphere:
Portion of mantle just below Lithosphere
(the crust and solid part of the mantle)
 Plastic-like: very close to melting point,
but pressure keeps it from being melted.
So small changes in temperature or
pressure can change it in to molten
(melted or liquid) rock

Label the
nd
2
layer of the Earth.
Crust that is under the ocean
 Crust that is under continents

3rd Layer Core:
Two Cores (32% of Earth’s Mass)
 Outer Core:



Melted iron and nickel.
2,270 km (1,398 miles) thick
2,200-5,000 degrees C.
 Inner Core:





Solid iron and nickel. Caused by pressures
from above layers.
Radioactive
Magnetic
1,216 km to center.
4,300 degrees C
Label the 3rd Layer of the Earth
Homework Discussion
 You will write a creative story about a journey
to the center of the Earth
 It will include:


Each of the 3 major layers of the Earth
At least 3 facts about EACH layer


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Facts can be from slides
And/or you may research facts on your own
Science related illustrations of a well-written
story may result in extra credit (think a map of
the journey)