AP for AP:
Advanced Preparation for AP Chemistry
Jennifer Howell & Jennifer Pitt-Lainsbury
All materials in this presentation can be found at www.APchemresources2014.weebly.com
College Board is revising all AP Sciences:
– Courses should aim to provide students with a deep conceptual
understanding of the material. Accelerating students' course of study is not
in itself a worthwhile endeavor.
– The course should focus on big ideas and key principles over a breadth of
study.
– Opportunities for inquiry and differentiated instruction should be used.
National Research Council. Learning and Understanding: Improving Advanced Study of Mathematics and Science in
U.S. High Schools. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2002.
http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10129
How much do you know about what has changed in the new AP
Chemistry Curriculum?
a. I am very familiar with all of the changes
b. I am familiar will many of the changes
c. I am familiar with some of the changes
d. I am not very familiar with the changes
I am attending this session because…
a. I want to know more about the changes to the AP curriculum
b. I am looking for ideas for teaching the new AP curriculum
c. I am looking for practice questions for my students
d. I am not really sure why I am here (?)
In the 2012 AP Chemistry Curriculum document, how many pages
were used to outline the expected course content?
a. 3 pages
b. 8 pages
c. 14 pages
d. 46 pages
In the 2013 AP Chemistry Curriculum document, how many pages
were used to outline the expected course content?
a. 3 pages
b. 17 pages
c. 78 pages
d. 95 pages
Why is the College Board changing the AP Chem Curriculum?
a. To reduce the emphasis on broad content coverage and focus on
depth of understanding
b. To align the curriculum to be more in line with first year
university courses
c. To improve the standardization of the exam
AP Chemistry Website; College Board.
http://advancesinap.collegeboard.org/science/chemistry
One of the changes that the new curriculum has is the inclusion of
exclusion statements. Exclusion statements refer to:
a. Material that students do not need to know
b. Material that students should have acquired in prerequisite
courses
c. Both a. and b.
“Exclusion Statements define the type and level of content that is
excluded from the AP® Chemistry course and exam or represents
knowledge students should have acquired prior to participating in
AP Chemistry Website; College Board.
this course.”
http://advancesinap.collegeboard.org/science/chemistry
Specific Statement 1.C.1.b: Ignoring the few exceptions, the
electron configuration for an atom can be deduced from the
element’s position in the periodic table.
Exclusion: Memorization of exceptions to the Aufbau principle is
beyond the scope of this course and the AP Exam.
Rationale: The mere rote recall of the exception does not match the
goals of the curriculum revision. If given an exception on the AP
Exam, students will be responsible for providing possible reasons for
the exceptions based on theory.
Specific Statement 3.B.2.b: Acid-base reactions: (1) only reactions in
aqueous solutions are considered (2) the Brønsted-Lowry concept of
acids and bases is the focus of the course.
Exclusion: Lewis acid-base concepts are beyond the scope of this
course and the AP Exam.
Rationale: The definition of Lewis acids is commonly taught in firstyear high school chemistry course and is therefore considered prior
knowledge.
Topics Removed Effective Fall 2013
- assigning quantum numbers
- deriving the Henderson-Hasselbach equation
- memorizing specific types of crystal structures
- memorizing exceptions to solubility rules
- writing nuclear reactions
- computations of solubility as a function of pH
- understanding standard enthalpies of formation to calculate
the overall energy change in a reaction
- Lewis Acid-Base Theory
AP Chemistry Website; College Board.
http://advancesinap.collegeboard.org/science/chemistry
During your post-secondary education, how much exposure did
you have to Photoelectron Spectroscopy?
a. No exposure to PES at all
b. PES was mentioned in passing
c. PES was studied for part of one course
d. One full course on PES or equivalent
e. More than one full course on PES
Photoelectron Spectroscopy (…sometimes XPS, HVUPS)
How comfortable are you interpreting Photoelectron Spectra?
a. I am very comfortable interpreting PES
b. I am moderately comfortable interpreting PES
c. I am not very comfortable interpreting PES
d. I have never seen a Photoelectron Spectrum
From the AP Sample Questions…
From the AP Sample Questions…
Which peaks in the photoelectron spectrum are representative of the
binding energy of p orbital electrons?
a. C only
c. C and E
b. D only
d. B, C and D
“In a battery, I strive to maximize electrical potential. When
mentoring, I strive to maximize human potential.”
--Donald Sadoway. MIT professor and innovator
During your post-secondary education, how much exposure did
you have to alloys?
a. No exposure to alloys at all
b. Alloys were mentioned in passing
c. Alloys were studied for part of one course
d. One full course on alloys or equivalent
e. More than one full course on alloys
Homogeneous/
Metal Solution
Intermetallic
Heterogeneous
alloy with the same crystal
lattice structure as one of the
constitutent elements
alloy with new crystal lattice
different from the parent
elements' lattice structure
alloy without a regular
crystal structure thoughout
the solid
AP Chem
Curriculum
Substitutional
Interstitial
constituents have similar
atomic radii and one can
substitute into the crystal
lattice structure of another
constituents have different
atomic radii and the smaller
fits into interstitial spaces
(lattice holes) of another
From the AP Sample Questions…
?
From the AP Sample Questions…
Institute for Complex Engineered Systems - Carnegie Mellon
http://www.ices.cmu.edu/cm2em/projects.html
Bringing alloys into your course…
Mass Spectrometry
From the AP Sample Questions…
The elements I and Te have similar average atomic masses. A sample that
was believed to be a mixture of I and Te was run through a mass
spectrometer, resulting in the data above. All of the following statements are
true. Which one would be the best basis for concluding that the sample was
pure Te?
From the AP Sample Questions…
127I
a. Te forms ions with a -2 charge, whereas I forms ions with a -1
charge.
b. Te is more abundant that I in the universe.
c. I consists of only one naturally occurring isotope with 74 neutrons,
whereas Te has more than one isotope.
d. I has a higher first ionization energy than Te does.
Based on the mass spectrum of atom Y, which of the following statements is false?
a. peak A and peak D come from atoms that have the same number of electrons
b. there are seven isotopes of atom Y
c. peak C comes from the most abundant isotope of atom Y
d. peak D comes from an atom with 4 more protons than the atom that gave peak B
During your post-secondary education, how much exposure did
you have to polymer chemistry?
a. No exposure to polymers at all
b. Polymers were mentioned in passing
c. Polymers were studied for part of one course
d. One full course on polymers or equivalent
e. More than one full course on polymers
During your post-secondary education, how much exposure did
you have to spectroscopy techniques chemistry?
a. No exposure to spectroscopy at all
b. Spectroscopy was mentioned in passing
c. Spectroscopy was studied for part of one course
d. One full course on spectroscopy or equivalent
e. More than one full course on spectroscopy techniques
Spectroscopy Techniques
Polymers
Biological Systems
Monomers
Polymer
Coiled polymer molecule
with many sites of
Van der Waals interactions
From the AP Sample Questions…
?
Particulate Drawings
A 3.31 g sample of solid lead (II) nitrate is added to 250 mL
of a 0.100 M sodium iodide solution. The chemical reaction
that takes place is represented by the following equation:
Pb(NO3)2 (s) + 2NaI (aq)  PbI2 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)
Which diagram best represents the resulting mixture after
the reaction goes to completion?
Particulate Drawings
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