Year 13: HRM in Business
Learning Objectives:
To know the theories of Motivation
The steps to success for a Pass answer are:
•To be able to explain at least two theories of motivation
•To know how theories of motivation can be applied in the
workplace
The challenge is:
To be able to analyse the theories of staff motivation in
relation to the concept of managing HR
Why work?
hug
Taylor’s Scientific
Management
The Principles of Scientific Management (1911)
One of the first theorists on motivation
Main Principle: People work for money
 People were Lazy by nature
 Task Orientated Division of Labour
 Used by Henry Ford “Model T” & McDonalds
Elton Mayo (Human Relations
School)
“Hawthorne Experiments”
Initially called in to look at effects of lighting
Looked at a number of factors with a group of employees
• Bonus Methods
• Rest Periods
• Refreshments
• Work Layout
All changes led to success!
Elton Mayo (Human Relations
School)
Mayo’s conclusions
 Satisfaction from freedom and control
 Individuals had bonded into a team
 Group norms influenced by informal leaders
 Communication between workers/managers
can influence morale and output
 Workers are affected by the degree of
interest in them “ the Hawthorne effect”
Needs
What do you need?
You can argue that if you do not satisfy a workers
needs then they will not be motivated.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
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Needs can change depending on age?
Different people/different needs
Can someone self-actualise?
Theory X and Theory Y
Douglas McGregor (1960) The Human Side of Enterprise
Herzberg’s two-factor theory
Fredrick Herzberg (1966)
Herzberg’s two-factor theory
Motivators
Hygiene Factors
Achievement
Paper work & Red tape
Recognition
Supervision
Meaningful, interesting
work
Pay
Responsibility
Interpersonal
relationships
Advancement
Working conditions
Criticisms of motivational
theories
 Not
one of two extremes
 Depends on circumstances
 Employees will have different priorities
at different times and circumstances
 Employees aiming to increase wages
may not consider quality of life and
job satisfaction
 We cannot generalise
 Modern organisations: Team working
Year 13 Unit 16
HRM in Business
Learning Objectives:
To know how rewards can be used to motivate staff
The steps to success for a Pass answer are:
•To be able to explain at least five different rewards
•To know how theories of motivation can be linked to
reward systems
The challenge is:
To be able to analyse the use of Reward Systems by
organisations
What rewards do employers offer?
“
Activity
Using the key terms on the
activity sheet, you are
required to identify the type
of reward described and
whether they are financial
and non financial rewards.
Reward systems
Financial
Non - Financial
Activity
 Using
the key terms on the activity sheet,
you are required to identify the type of
reward described and whether they are
financial and non financial rewards.
Reward Systems
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Pay
PRP
Pensions
Profit Sharing
Share Options
Mortgage subsidies
Bonuses
Leave
Healthcare
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Company vehicles
Loans/Advances
Childcare
School fees
Corporate Clothes
Staff discounts
Flexible working
Extended career
breaks
Loan schemes
Assignment 2
Research activity
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Choose a business and using the internet, identify how they
motivate its employees. (p3)
To do this you may need to look at various roles.
Suggest, with justification, ways of improving motivation in
your chosen business (D1)
Suggested companies: Tesco’s (careers)
http://group.barclays.com/Careers/Rewards-and-benefits
http://www.oxfordshirepct.nhs.uk/about-us/working-forus/benefits.aspx http://www.oxfordshirepct.nhs.uk/aboutus/working-for-us/benefits.aspx
Waitrose