Quickwrite/Patriotic
Exercise/Objective
Quickwrite- Why do
people revolt?
(Think about the
Glorious, French,
L.A. and American
Revolutions.
Objective: Explain the
Causes of the
Russian Revolution
Extra Credit
 Could your grade use
a boost?
 Are you a kinesthetic
learner?
 Can you dance?
 If you answered yes
to the questions
above, then consider
this!
Russian
Revolution
People tired of
the extravagance
of the Czars
While living in squalor
Causes of the Russian
Revolution
World War I
Domestic (at home)
issues
INVOLVEMENT IN WWI
Russia had entered WWI unwillingly
Czar takes direct command of army (leaves the
country in his wife’s hands)
Huge casualties, deserters, and issues back home
force Russia out Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
Nicholas blamed for the war AND the issues at
home… such as:
Issues at home
 Failure to modernize left millions in serfdom.
 Food shortages:
– High inflation meant people couldn’t afford food.
– Lack of transportation (trains)
 Industrial Revolution Issues (i.e. low wages, unsafe
conditions, etc)
 Lower class suffering!
 Lack of any representation – monarchy
 Many inspired by Socialist ideas of Karl Marx (Russian
Bolsheviks)
Review
 Turn to a partner
and explain which of
the issues at home
you think was the
most important. You
have two minutes to
share.
“It is a job I have feared all my life.”
Nicholas
Romanov
 Last of the
Romanovs
 Reluctant czar
 Family man
(wife - grand
daughter of
Queen Victoria)
 First job of royal
family – have a
male heir.
Successful?
They finally have a boy but he is afflicted with hemophilia
Quickwrite
 Quickwrite- What
were the causes of
the Russian
Revolution?
 Objective- What are
the causes of the
Russian Revolution
(Problems at homeRasputin and March
Rev.)
Rasputin- The Holy Healer
 A healer is hired to cure the
boy.
 Tsarina Alexandra is ruling
on the advice of Rasputin
while Nicholas is at war.
 Russians question his intent.
– Although able to soothe the heir,
– Wild behavior and his influence
with the czarina will lead to his
removal
– Many feel that his death would
end some of Russia’s problems.
But killing him would not be
easy!!!
There lived a certain man in Russia long ago
(Spoken:)
He was big and strong, in his eyes a flaming
But when his drinking and lusting and his hunger
glow
for power became known to more and more
Most people looked at him with terror and with
people,
fear
the demands to do something about this
But to Moscow chicks he was such a lovely
outrageous
dear
man became louder and louder.
He could preach the bible like a preacher
"This man's just got to go!" declared his enemies
Full of ecstasy and fire
But the ladies begged "Don't you try to do it,
But he also was the kind of teacher
please"
Women would desire
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
There was a cat that really was gone
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
It was a shame how he carried on
He ruled the Russian land and never mind the
czar
But the kasachok he danced really wunderbar
In all affairs of state he was the man to please
But he was real great when he had a girl to
squeeze
For the queen he was no wheeler dealer
Though she'd heard the things he'd done
She believed he was a holy healer
Who would heal her son
No doubt this Rasputin had lots of hidden charms
Though he was a brute they just fell into his arms
Then one night some men of higher standing
Set a trap, they're not to blame
"Come to visit us" they kept demanding
And he really came
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
They put some poison into his wine
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
He drank it all and he said "I feel fine"
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
They didn't quit, they wanted his head
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
And so they shot him till he was dead
(Spoken:) Oh, those Russians...
Czar Abdicates
Czar N. returns
and is forced to
step down.
A temporary
democratic
government (the
Duma) is put in
place.
Under house arrest
Monarchy
Absolutism
Provisional
democratic
1st Revolution
Radical
Bolsheviks
Liberal
Moderate
Duma
Conservative
Reactionary
Czar
Provisional Govt - Duma
Govt chooses to CONTINUE in WWI!
– More dead soldiers.
– No changes for the common people (no food, land,
etc)
Although Democratic, still much civil unrest.
What could/should Russia do?
 Turn to a different
partner than last
time, and explain
what the Russian
options might be.
Quickwrite
 Why was Rasputin
important to the
Russian Revolution?
 Today’s Objective:
What were the
causes and course of
the Russian
Revolution
(November Rev. and
Lenin).
Rise of the
Bolsheviks
 Means “Majority”
 Russian Socialist
labor party
 Opponents of
“nation of Russia”
as well as the
Orthodox church.
 Wanted a Socialist
nation run by
workers and
soldiers, NOT an
assembly.
 IT’S A COUP- Trotsky’s
“red army” revolts, ending
the DUMA.
– Duma doesn’t fightBLOODLESS revolution
 Lenin seized power with
Trotsky and Josef Stalin by
his side. (NEW PLAYERS)
November
Revolution
or was it October
Bolsheviks- Lenin, Trotsky, Stalin
 First 2 acts:
1. They end Russian
involvement in WWI.
2. Give peasants land.
“private ownership
shall be abolished
forever”.
Monarchy
Communist
Absolutism
Totalitarian dictatorship
2nd Revolution
Provisional
democratic
1st Revolution
Radical
Bolsheviks
Liberal
Moderate
Duma
Conservative
Reactionary
Czar
Vladimir Lenin
Russian revolutionary
Leader of the
Bolshevik party
1st Premier of new
Soviet Union
 Founder of the
Communism in Russia.
Civil War
 A war between 2
factions in Russia
ensues:
– the Reds (Bolsheviks)
– the Whites (czar
supporters)
» West backs Czar-Bad!
 Lasts for 3 years!
 Romanovs moved from
Moscow in fear that
they will be restored to
power- house arrest.
“We will not
surrender” to the
Czarist forces.
What to
do with
the family
now?
The Czar and his family were moved to a
place called the “House of Special Purpose”
“In view of the fact that your relatives continue their offensive
against Soviet Russia, the Presidium of the Ural Regional
Soviet has decided to sentence you to death.”
USSR
Bolsheviks (Communists) rename
Russia USSR:
– Union of Soviet Socialists Republic
Bolsheviks rename themselves
Communists
Lenin takes control of the country
and economy.
Lenin’s Communist State
 Society of Terror: Execute
Opponents.
 State control of economy:
industry, banks, and foreign
trade.
 Single Party Dictatorship:
Political parties banned.
 Unquestioning obedience of
leader: (atheism).
 Censorship: Silence critics
and foreign views.
 Propaganda: promote the
Marxists philosophy.
Lenin lives… Lenin will live!
But actually….
Compare/Contrast
 Compare Russian
Command economy
to the American free
market economy.
The end of
Lenin
In power for 3 years
4 strokes over 2
years – dies at 54.
His death leaves
USSR in a struggle
for succession.
Could he be more
powerful in death
than in life? How
so?
You can still go see him today!
“I suggest the comrades think about a
way of removing Stalin from that post
and appointing another man in his
stead who in all other respects differs
from Comrade Stalin in having only
one advantage, namely, that of being
more tolerant, more loyal, more
polite, and more considerate to the
comrades.”
Who will
be the
Successor
?
 Stalin and Trotsky are Lenin’s chief advisors.
 Trotsky was favored by many, including Lenin.
 Stalin moved more quickly to consolidate his power.
 Trotsky criticized Stalin’s violation of democracy in
the party and the failure to develop adequate
economic planning.
How should a new successor be
chosen?
 Brainstorm some
ways that a new
leader could or
should be
determined.
Leon
 Brilliant intellectual.
Trotsky  Important leader of the
November Revolution
– Founder and commander of the
Red Army
 Stressed the themes of party
democracy and economic
planning.
 Denounced Stalin's theory of
“Socialism in one country”
 Believed in a world-wide
Communist revolution
Quickwrite
 Read the board
(advance planner,
Homework, In Class)
 Take out your notes
on the Russian
Revolution.
 Lets check out the
Moodle Post
Quickquiz
 You may use your
notes to answer the
following questions
regarding the
Russian Revolution.
Please put a proper
heading on your
paper. They are due
in 5 minutes.
1) What were Stalin’s
2 main goals?
2) What happened to
Trotsky when Stalin
gains power?
3) What does Stalin do
to take control of
the economy?
Josef Stalin
 People tired of war and
looked favorably at
Stalin’s building
“Socialism in One
Country” – Focus on
RUSSIA
 Put people he trusted in
key positions.
 Would manipulate his
opponents
 Ruthless
"To choose one's victims, to quench an unrelenting vengeance, and then go to
bed. There is nothing sweeter on earth..."
Who would you choose?
And the
winner
is…
Josef Stalin
 Stalin means “Man of Steel”
 But he was far from
Superman in his “Heroic
Deeds”
 2 Main Goals
– Increase USSR as a world power
– Protection: Fear of another
invasion
Stalin takes control of the
economy
 Command economy – government makes all
economic decisions
 Leaders identify economic needs and determine how
to fulfill them
 Five Year Plan (two of them in fact) in order to
create a goal for the nation to strive towards.
– Collectives
 Government controls lives – chose jobs, assigned
hours
 People need permission of the police to travel
Stalin sent
agents of the
Soviet secret
police to
Mexico where
Trotsky was
living in
1940. They
put an ice
pick into
Trotsky's
brain while he
was sitting at
a table
writing.
Stalin denied any responsibility
Agricultural Revolution?
 Were told what to plant,
when to plant, etc
 1938 – 90% of peasants lived
on collectives
 Roles of peasants as well as
women were re-defined…
 All geared to serve the state
and the greater good.
Is this a good idea?
Every inch of this land is
sacred,
And wise Stalin calls on
us to protect it
As the foundation of the
collective farming system.
This all done to convince the people that this was a just cause
Resistance to Collectivization
Resistance to these farms was done by the
wealthy peasants or Kulaks.
– The Ukranian farmers became Stalin’s target.
“Liquidate them as a class” he said. Thousands
were shot or sent to work camps (gulags) Millions
starve.
Lighting bonfires to thaw the frozen ground
Results of 5 Year
Plan?
 Mixed results
– Increased output in industry
– Not enough food- starvation
– It appeared to be successful
from outside but failed
» Set unrealistically high goals
» life for some improved but most
had low wages and few
consumer goods
» Often factories would lie about
output to avoid crackdowns =
lack of reliable numbers
A Western capitalist mocks the Five Year Plan, then turns green with envy as he sees that
Soviets have successfully industrialized
People realize no matter how
hard they worked they would
all benefit the same.
People fearful yet willing to
work.
Defiant executed or sent to the
gulags (prison/work camps).
5 Million die in Ukraine.
'Produce More' poster urges Soviet citizens to produce more steel 'So
That We Shall Become Stronger'. The production target for the
fulfillment of the Five Year Plan ending in 1950 is central in the image.
What technique does this and other images you’ve seen use to convince the public of the government’s benefits?
Quickquiz
 What was the name
of the wealthy
peasants Stalin
sought to destroy?
 What were
Collectives?
 What was the name
of Stalin’s “plan” to
improve
industialization?
 Patriotic Quote:
 “I consider trial by
jury as the only
anchor ever yet
imagined by man, by
which a government
can be held to the
principles of its
constitution.”
 ~Thomas Jefferson
Quickwrite
DBQ- Write Paragraph 2 of your DBQ
Remember to use your Documents and
tie back to your thesis as you write!
Use of biased or incomplete information to sway people’s beliefs
Propaganda
Soviet Propaganda
 Workers and peasants taught the ideals
of communism:
 NEWS: The Communist Party media is
the only media! Pravda (Truth)
 ART: Socialist Realism –
– Artistic style that praised
communist values
 Movies: Communist weapon, used to
“hide” ideology in entertainment
ART
Socialist Realism
 Based on the principle that the arts
should glorify political and social
ideals of communism.
 Every artist had to join the "Union
of Soviet Artists", which was
controlled by the state. The
paintings had to be idealizations of
political leaders and communistic
ideas.
Lenin and Stalin in Summer
1917
Roses for Stalin
Young Steel Workers
Cinema
Persuade the people of
the benefits of the
Soviet government.
Battleship Potemkin
Censorship
– Party rewrites history
books, suddenly
Soviet Union had
invented everything
– Not only does an
“enemy” die but the
have a sort of
“Second Death”…
Stalin orders the
remaking of photos
to remove them
completely from the
past
Stalin’s personal form of
propaganda…
Performing a “Second
Death”
Not without certain irony, Nikolai
Yezhov, the young man strolling
with Stalin, is shot in 1940. It
seems only fitting that when
Yezhov is removed from the
photograph he is replaced by the
waters of the Moscow-Volga
Canal. Yezhov was commissar of
water transport.
Propagandists seize every opportunity to get their
message across. In the original of this photo, the sign
on the building says, "Watches, gold and silver." Now
it reads, "Struggle for your rights." Likewise the flag
being waved says, "Down with the monarchy - long
live the Republic!" has no visible words in the original.
Trotsky and Lenin (top center of
stairs) in 1919 photograph of a Red
Square celebration is of the
anniversary of the revolution. To
make it suitable for a 1967 book of
Lenin Photos, Trotsky is removed.
Trotsky, left, reads Pravda, the Bolshevik newspaper he once edited. In 1925, Stalin
ousts Trotsky as commissar of war. At right, a citizen has scratched Trotsky's picture
from his own history book, as part of the citizen's "personal responsibility" to support
the Communist Party.
Father to the people
 Stalin holding a young
Soviet citizen, Gelya
Markizova, aged 6, in
1935. Soon afterwards
Stalin had her father shot
for allegedly plotting
against him and then had
her mother murdered.
 This did not stop this
particular touching scene
becoming a party banner,
for example:
“Great Wise
Father”
Obedience to Autocratic
Ruler!
 God-like omniscient ruler,
Cities named after Stalin
destined to rule the nation for
all eternity.
 His portrait is hung in every
home and public building.
 artists and poets instructed to
only produce works that
glorified the leader.
 Stalin tried to present himself
as personally humble and
modest.













Oraşul Stalin, 1951-1961 —Romania
Qyteti Stalin, 1950-1990 —Albania
Stalin, 1949-1956 —Bulgaria
Stalinabad, 1929-1961 —Tajikistan
Stalingrad, 1925-1961 —Russia
Stalingrad —, Czech Republic
Staliniri, 1934-1961 —Georgia
Stalino, 1924-1961 —Ukraine
Stalinogorsk, 1934-1961 —Russia
Stalinogród, 1953-1956 —Poland
Stalinsk, 1932-1961 —Russia
Stalinstadt, 1953-1961 —East Germany
Sztálinváros, 1951-1961 —Hungary
Remind you of anyone from the ancient world?
A glimpse at the Cult of Personality that Stalin tried to hard to create
Society of Terror
 Police terror – As many  Great Purge – term used
as 20 million killed for
to describe the systematic
opposing Stalin.
killing of many enemies of
the state such as:
 Monitored telephone
– Bolshevik party members
lines, read mail, planted
who helped in the
informants
Revolution of 1917 (free
 Many children told on
thinkers)
parents for “disloyal”
comments
Now… without help… Analyze
this!
Communism vs Capitalism has been ingrained in our collective culture
Seinfeld and Communism
Santa Claus… why is he receptive to
these new ideas?
Which famous Russian communist did
Elaine’s boyfriend Ned look like?
Elaine was labeled as someone who
named names… what does this mean?
Can you find comparisons to Stalin’s Russia?
Recess
Comparisons to Stalin?
Bureaucratic system
Unquestioning obedience
Expelling the Bolsheviks
Cult of personality
Song
Statues
Renaming
Gulag
5 year plan
Comrade Lenin cleanses the Earth of scum