Bell Work 2/10/15
Bell Work 2/10/15
Student Learning
Objectives:
State Standard:
SPI 0807.9.12 Identify the basic properties of acids and
bases.
Essential Question:
How can I determine if a substance is an acid or a base?
(SPI 0807.9.12)
TOC
#79. Ch 14, sections 2 and 3 Notes
#80. Using Litmus Indicator Lab
Objectives
Describe four properties of acids.
 Identify uses of acids.
 Describe four properties of bases.


Identify uses of bases.
An Acid is any compound that
increases the # of Hydronium ions
(H+) when dissolved in water.
Acid Properties:
- tastes sour
- reacts w/ metals
- conducts electricity
- color change
+
(H )
The
atom does
not exist alone.
It reacts with H2O
to form H3O
Uses of Acids
Sulfuric acid is the most widely made
industrial chemical in the world. It is used
to make paper, paint, detergents,
fertilizers and many other products.
 Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers,
rubber, and plastics.
 Hydrochloric acid is used to make metal
from their ores by separating the metals
from the material with which they are
combined.

Uses of Acids
Hydrochloric acid is used in
swimming pools to help keep them free
of algae. Hydrochloric acid is even
found in your stomach, where it aids in
digestion.
 Citric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin
C) are found in orange juice.
 Carbonic acid and phosphoric acid
help give soft drinks a sharp taste.

A Base is any compound that
increases the # Hydroxide ions
(OH-) when dissolved in water.
Base Properties:
- bitter taste
- feels slippery
- conducts electricity
- color change
Uses of Bases
Sodium hydroxide is a base used to
make soap and paper. It is also used in
oven cleaners and products that unclog
drains.
 Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is used
to make cement and plaster.
 Ammonia is found in many household
cleaners and is used to make fertilizers.
Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum
hydroxide are used in antacids.

An indicator is a substance
that changes color in the
presence of an acid or a base.
Objectives
Explain the difference between
strong acids and bases and weak
acids and bases.
 Identify acids and bases by using
the pH scale.
 Describe the formation and uses
of salts.

Strengths of Acids and Bases
Acids and bases can be strong or weak.
 The concentration of an acid or a base
is the amount of acid or base dissolved
in water.
 The strength of an acid or a base
depends on the number of molecules
that break apart when the acid or base
is dissolved in water.

Strong Versus Weak Acids

As an acid dissolves in water, the acid’s
molecules break apart and produce hydrogen
ions, H+.

If all the molecules break apart, the acid is
called a strong acid. Strong acids include
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric
acid.

If only a few molecules break apart, the acid is
a weak acid. Weak acids include acetic acid,
citric acid, and carbonic acid.
The pH of a solution is the measure of
the H+ ion concentration.
The pH scale shows if a solution
is an acid, a base or is neutral.
pH scale
7 is neutral
7.1 or greater is
base
6.9 or less is an acid
Acids, Bases, and Neutralization

The reaction between acids and bases is
called a neutralization reaction.

Acids and bases neutralize one another
because the hydrogen ions (H+) in an acid
and the hydroxide ions (OH−) in a base react
to form water, H2O.

Other ions from the acid and base dissolve in
the water. If the water evaporates, these ions
join to form the compound called a salt.
Salts

When an acid neutralizes a base, a salt
and water are produced. A salt is an
ionic compound formed from the
positive ion of a base and the negative
ion of an acid.

Sodium chloride, commonly known as
table salt, is one example of a large
group of compounds called salts.
Acids neutralize
+
bases because the H
bonds with the OH
to form H2O
Using Litmus Indicator Lab
Your group will
have 2 minutes
at each lab table.
Move to
the next table
when the timer
goes off.
Video Clips
Acids/Bases Song
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1I
Cheeseburger in Acid
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1I
Exit Ticket
Exit Ticket