Objectives and Agenda-1/31
 OBJECTIVES—
 Review classroom procedures
 Review and list Perspectives
 AGENDA
 Warm Up—using the three perspectives, explain the
existence of terrorism
 Review of rules
 Review of perspectives
 Components of Culture—
 Block 1 and 2—computer work
 Block 4—worksheets
 Homework—study for test
Who is Mr. George?
 My Favorite music and video: song
 Pictures:
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Movies: I cry every time I watch this scene
Movie scene
Concerts I have seen: AC/DC, ZZ Top, Bob Seager, KISS,
What do you want to know???????
What is Sociology???
 Sociology—social science that studies society and
social behavior—Social interaction and social
phenomena (observable facts or events)
 What would you do?
 anti-bullyingl
Class work:
 1. Research in the book the Sociologist you were
assigned.
 2. On the paper you were given, write a word or phrase
that describes their point of view.
1. Free write anything that comes to your mind on the below picture.
minutes
2. Describe any possible changes in society as a result.—2 minutes
3. Describe the change in events using ONE sociologist
3
Original Sociologists
 Auguste Comte—(1798-1857) One of first and coined term
Sociologist—Causes of French Revolution—Social order vs.
social change—
 Social dynamics—change through series of definite
processes.—mostly refuted but order and change still
discussed.
 Herbert Spencer-- 1820-1903—Influenced by Darwin—
biological view of society—independent parts that work
together to maintain the system.—social change and unrest
natural in evolution—best parts of society would survive.
(Social Darwinism)
 Karl Marx—(1818-1883)—Social structure influenced by
economy. Bourgeoisie (capitalist) and proletariat (workers)—
imbalance would lead to conflict and classless society.
 Emile Durkheim—(1858-1917)—first university sociology
course—first to apply sociology to study of society—
concerned with social order. Individual parts BUT parts had
functions. Functions—consequence that an element of society
produces for the maintenance of its social system. (religion
and functionalist view)—institutions.—observable
phenomenon—suicide—first sociological study
 Max Weber—1864-1920—separate groups in society instead
of society as a whole. Effects of society on the whole—
Feelings and thoughts, not just observable. Verstehen—
understand meanings, not actions. Ideal Type—essential
characteristics of a feature of society.
911 video
 Anthropology—study of past and present cultures—
simple cultures—sociology is complicated cultures
(group behavior)
 Psychology—behavior and thinking of organisms—
individual behavior (natural sciences)—social
psychology—how environment affects behavior
Social sciences
 Economics—choices people make in effort to satisfy
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needs and wants
Political science—organization and operation of
governments
History—study of past events
Economics—choices people make in effort to satisfy
needs and wants
Political science—organization and operation of
governments
Introduction to perspectives
 Sociological perspective—look into the hidden
meanings behind human actions
 social beings
 understand conflict
 view your own life in whole social and historical context
 Sociological imagination—C.Wright Mills—ability
to see connection between the larger world and your
personal life
Three types of Perspectives
 Functionalist Perspective—set of interrelated parts that work
together to produce a stable social system. view in terms of function
in society—Ex—family and education
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Dysfunctional—negative consequence crime,
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Manifest function—intended consequence of function
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Latent function—unintended consequence.
 Conflict perspective—focus on the forces that promote competition
and change—power men and women—ages—races—competition
over scarce resources—power leads to rules leads to social change—
social change inevitable.
 Interactionalist perspective—how individuals interact with one
another—how do people respond to everyday situations—meaning
people attach to their actions. Symbols, gestures, words—salute
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Which Perspective?
Which Perspective?
Which Perspective
1.05 Differentiate among the
various sociological research
methods
 1. The Historical Method—Examining any
materials from the past that contain information of
sociological interest. Toys, clothes, pictures, tools,
furniture. Usually written documents
 Learn about events
 Study trends
 Private feelings
 2. Content Analysis—counting the times a word,
phrase, idea, event, symbol or other element appears
 Recorded communications
 Television, radio, sound recordings, movies,
photographs, art, newspapers, magazines, books
 Easy and inexpensive
 Simplified evaluation of data collection.
 3. The Survey Method----collect data on attitudes
and opinions from large numbers of people—
questionnaires and interviews
 List of questions—in person or mail
 Collect from large number of people in short time
 Disadvantages—interpretations?
 4. Observation—observe behavior of individuals in
actual social settings
 Detached observation—observe situation from
distance—may miss details
 Participant observation—directly involved in the
situation under investigation—anonymous or known—
subjects usually act naturally.
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Daily quiz questions
 1. The Sociologist which believed in a biological
analysis of society and the “survival of the fittest”
theory was
 A. Karl Marx
 B. Auguste Comte
 C. Emile Durkheim
 D. Herbert Spencer
 E. Max Weber
Daily Quiz
 2. The study of human society and social behavior is
 A. Sociology
 B. Psychology
 C. History
 D. Political Science
 E. Anthropology
 3. Choose one Sociologists and discuss how he
believed societies maintain control and develop.