Matter
&
Properties
of Matter
Matter
anything that has mass and takes-up
space
the quantity of matter present
mixtures and substances
of the same kind
of different kinds
Matter
MatterMass-
All matter can be divided into two
categories:
HomogeneousHeterogeneous-
Mixtures definitions
• CAN be separated by physical means
(heating, cooling, sorting, filtering)
• Homogeneous & Heterogeneous
Mixtures
Mixture-
2 categories of mixtures:
More on Mixtures
Homogeneous:
Example:
Heterogeneous:
Examples:
Mixtures definitions
• is visibly the same throughout
 Ex. salt water, Kool-Aid, milk
• is visibly different throughout;
different samples may not be
exactly alike
• ex. Salad dressing, chicken noodle
soup
 Pure Substance Two Categories:
 Element:
 Example:
 Compound:
 Examples:
 CAN NOT be separated by physical
means, ex: heating, cooling, sorting, filtering
 Elements & Compounds
 contains one kind of matter
 Ex:hydrogen, oxygen, copper
 a substance made of two or more
elements that cannot be separated by
physical means.
 Ex: water, carbon dioxide, salt, and sugar
Organize the Hierarchy of Matter
Matter
Mixture
Homogeneous
Substance
Heterogeneous
Element
Compound
Substance
Element: contains one kind of matter
Example: hydrogen, oxygen, copper
Compound: a substance made of two
or more elements that cannot be
separated by physical means.
Examples: water, carbon dioxide,
salt, and sugar
Questions
Answer A = True and B = False
1. Matter is anything that has mass
and takes up space
2. Mass is the quantity of matter
present
3. A mixture cannot be broken down
by physical means
4. A substance cannot be broken
down by physical means
Questions
A. Substance
B. Matter
C. Mixture
5
6
Homogeneous
7
Heterogeneous
Element
Compound
Questions
A. Element
B. Homogeneous
C. Heterogeneous
D. Compound
Matter
Mixture
8
Substance
9
10
11
States of Matter
What determines the state of the
matter?
Depends on the amount of energy of
the particles
Kinetic energy (Ek): energy of motion
How fast are the particles moving?
Depends on temperature
Four States of Matter
Solid
Plasma
Liquid
Gas
States of Matter
Solid:
Ek?
molecular behavior?
Liquid:
Ek ?
molecules can slip out of their fixed
position
States of Matter
• definite volume, definite shape
LOW Ek
molecules vibrate in position
definite volume, NO definite shape (can
change shape easily)
Moderate amount of Ek
molecules can slip out of their fixed
position
States of Matter
Gas: NO definite volume, NO
definite shape
HIGH Ek
molecules can move freely
Plasma: Most common state of
matter in the universe, it is
rarely found on Earth
VERY HIGH Ek
States of Matter
Gas:
Ek?
Molecule behavior?
Plasma:
Ek?
Solid, Liquid, Gas
(a) Particles in solid
(b) Particles in liquid
(c) Particles in gas