THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Unit Terms/Vocab. List & Essential Questions
Name: _______________________________
UNIT TERMS/VOCABULARY Directions: Use Chapter 12, Section 1 (pp. 378-385), Chapter 13, Sections 1 & 2 (pp.
415-429) of your textbook (or other outside sources) to DEFINE & UNDERSTAND each person, place or event.
Focus on the SIGNIFICANCE & IMPORTANCE of each person, place or event.
Your terms & definitions WILL be collected as an assignment & there will be a terms quiz towards the beginning of
each unit.
**
Your definitions MUST look like the following EXAMPLE to receive full credit:
1.) Total War (p. 531) – ‘Total War’ is a type of war where countries involved rely on the complete mobilization
of resources & people. Wars like this affect the lives of all citizens of the warring countries, regardless of how
far off the ‘front-lines’ might appear to be. Examples of this type of war are World War I & World War II.
1.) Alexander Graham Bell
2.) Assembly Line
3.) Bourgeoisie (for Marx)
4.) Capital
5.) Capitalism
6.) Cottage Industry
7.) Enclosure Movement
8.) Entrepreneurs
9.) Feminism
10.) Industrial Capitalism
11.) Industrial Working Class
12.) Industrialization
13.) James Watt
14.) Karl Marx
15.) Literacy
16.) Mass Production
17.) Proletariat (for Marx)
18.) Puddling (process)
19.) Socialism
20.) Suffrage
21.) Thomas Edison
22.) Urbanization
Directions: Use Chapter 12, Section 1 (pp. 378-385), Chapter 13, Sections 1 & 2 (pp. 415-429) of your textbook,
your class notes & assignments to completely & thoroughly answer each essential question (in complete sentences
– think ‘short answer’ or ‘essay’). Your essential questions & answers WILL NOT be collected as an assignment
throughout each unit.
Answers MUST be in COMPLETE SENTENCES – think ‘short answer’ or ‘essay.’ Proper punctuation, grammar &
spelling will be taken into account. Each question will be worth 3 POINTS.
1.) “What were the origins and causes of the Industrial Revolution? Explain each.”
2.) “Explain the impact that industrialization had on society and urban life.”
3.) “What was factory life like during the Industrial Revolution? Explain.”
4.) “Name three inventions or innovations during the Industrial Revolution and their significance to the
revolution.”
5.) “What is the difference between Capitalism and Socialism? Explain.”
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Unit Terms/Vocab. List, Homework & Essential Questions
Name: _______________________________
UNIT HOMEWORK Directions: Use Chapter 12, Section 1 (pp. 378-385), Chapter 13, Sections 1 & 2 (pp. 415-429) of
your textbook to answer the following questions.
* * READ Chapter 12, Section 1 (pp. 378-385). * *
1.) “National Geographic: Industry in Great Britain by 1850” (map on p. 379) – Geographically speaking, in what
parts of Great Britain did most industrial activities occur?
2.) “National Geographic: Industry in Great Britain by 1850” (map on p. 379) – How did the Industrial Revolution
impact urbanization in England? EXPLAIN.
3.) “National Geographic: Industry in Great Britain by 1850” (map on p. 379) – What geographical factors help
explain why industrialization began in Great Britain? EXPLAIN.
4.) CRITICAL THINKING (p. 380) – How would the rapid increase in Britain’s demand for raw cotton affect the
countries that produced this resource? EXPLAIN.
5.) CRITICAL THINKING (p. 380) – If present day knowledge of environmental issues were known at the time, how
might that have affected the growth of the iron industry? EXPLAIN.
6.) Why did factory workers tolerate poor treatment by factory owners? EXPLAIN. (p. 380)
7.) How were adult and child factory workers disciplined? EXPLAIN. (p. 380)
8.) “Turning Point: Industrialization Transforms Society” (graphic on p. 381) – How did factory tasks differ from
traditional work? EXPLAIN.
9.) “Turning Point: Industrialization Transforms Society” (graphic on p. 381) – How do you think industrialization
affected people’s attitudes about work? What specific changes do you think workers disliked? EXPLAIN.
10.) “Science, Technology & Society: The Power of Steam” (graphic on p. 382) – Why was a rail connection to
Liverpool important to manufacturers in Manchester? EXPLAIN.
11.) “Science, Technology & Society: The Power of Steam” (graphic on p. 382) – In what way was the development
of the steam engine a cause of the Industrial Revolution? EXPLAIN.
12.) Why was the railroad important to the industrialization of the United States? EXPLAIN. (p. 383)
13.) “Political Cartoons, Primary Source: The Irish Potato Famine” (graphic on p. 384) – Why might the provided
cartoon have helped convince Irish people to immigrate to the United States? EXPLAIN.
14.) “Political Cartoons, Primary Source: The Irish Potato Famine” (graphic on p. 384) – How did the Irish potato
famine contribute to Irish nationalism? EXPLAIN.
15.) How did socialists respond to new and harsh working conditions? EXPLAIN. (p. 385)
* * READ Chapter 13, Section 1 (pp. 415-421). * *
16.) “National Geographic: Industrialization of Europe by 1914” (map on p. 417) – Locate the areas that have the
heaviest concentrations of industry. What geographic factors could have helped these areas become heavily
industrialized? EXPLAIN.
17.) “National Geographic: Industrialization of Europe by 1914” (map on p. 417) – Use the information provided
on the map to create a chart that shows the type of industry in each European country.
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Belgium
France
German Empire
Italy
Netherlands
Russian Empire
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
18.) “Science, Technology & Society: The Automobile” (graphic on p. 418) – How did the automobile accelerate
change in the business world? EXPLAIN.
19.) “Science, Technology & Society: The Automobile” (graphic on p. 418) – What are the major benefits and costs
of automotive technology? EXPLAIN.
20.) Why did Europe dominate the world economy by the beginning of the 20 th century? EXPLAIN. (pp. 416-419)
21.) Why would Marxism appeal to industrial workers throughout Europe? EXPLAIN. (pp. 419-420)
22.) “History & Arts: Marx & Class Struggle” (visual on p. 420) – What is the central message of the poster?
Describe how the images present create this message.
23.) “History & Arts: Marx & Class Struggle” (visual on p. 420) – Describe the goals of the revolution that Marx &
Engels discuss in the excerpt.
24.) How would you summarize Marx’s theories as expressed in the Communist Manifesto? EXPLAIN. (pp. 419420)
25.) How did trade unions help to improve working conditions? EXPLAIN. (p. 421)
26.) How did the Industrial Revolution lead to the movement to protect worker’s rights? EXPLAIN. (p. 421)
* * READ Chapter 13, Section 2 (pp. 422-429). * *
27.) “National Geographic: European Population Growth & Relocation, 1820-1900” (map on p. 423) – Describe
how population density changed in Italy & the German Empire between 1820 & 1900. EXPLAIN.
28.) “National Geographic: European Population Growth & Relocation, 1820-1900” (map on p. 423) – Compare
the population densities above with the areas of industrialization shown on the map on p. 417.
29.) Why did cities grow so quickly in the 1800s? EXPLAIN. (pp. 422-423)
30.) Describe the social divisions present in Europe in the late 19th century. (p. 424)
31.) What type of new job opportunities opened up for women during the Industrial Revolution? (p. 425)
32.) What would a change in the property-ownership law mentioned on p. 426 (“Women’s Rights”) mean for
married women? EXPLAIN. (p. 426)
33.) “Infographics: American Suffragists” (graphic on p. 427) – Why would supporters of abolition also be likely to
support women’s rights? EXPLAIN. (p. 427)
34.) “Infographics: American Suffragists” (graphic on p. 427) – Why might it be easier for women to gain rights in
the new states and territories? EXPLAIN. (p. 427)
35.) What was the basic aim of the suffragists? EXPLAIN. (p. 427)
36.) What were TWO causes of the increase in school attendance? EXPLAIN. (p. 428)
37.) How did leisure activities change in the late 19th and 20th centuries? Provide TWO examples. (p. 429)