Q.O.D.
1)
2)
Describe the process of cellular
respiration – Give an overview
of the process
Compare and contrast aerobic
and anaerobic respiration
Chapter 7: Cellular
Respiration
Section 7-1: Glycolysis and
Fermentation
Chapter 7
Section 1 Glycolysis and Fermentation
Photosynthesis-Cellular
Respiration Cycle
I. Introduction to Cellular Respiration
Definition:
 Organisms:
 Equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O
+ energy (ATP)
 Three stages:

 Glycolysis
 Citric
Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
 Electron Transport Chain
Biochemical Pathways

2 pathways that can be taken
 Aerobic
 Glucose
 glycolysis  Aerobic respiration
 Anaerobic
 Glucose
 glycolysis  Fermentation
Glycolysis – An overview

In:
 Glucose

Out:
2
molecules of pyruvic acid
Location:
 Anaerobic

Steps of Glycolysis
Step 1: 2 ATP’s give (P) to glucose
 Step 2: Glucose breaks down to 2 PGAL
 Step 3: PGALs are oxidized

 2NAD+

+ 2H+ + 4 e-  2NADH
Step 4: Remove (P) from PGALs  pyruvic
acids
4
ATPs produced
Chapter 7
Section 1 Glycolysis and Fermentation
Glycolysis
Results

In:
1
Glucose
 2 ATP

Out:
2
Pyruvic acids
 4 ATP
 2 NADH
Chapter 7
Section 1 Glycolysis and Fermentation
Cellular Respiration Versus Fermentation
Fermentation
Anaerobic
 Do not produce ATP
 Regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis
 2 Types:

 Lactic
Acid Fermentation
 Alcoholic Fermentation
Chapter 7
Two Types of
Fermentation
Section 1 Glycolysis and Fermentation
Energy Yield
Kilocalorie = 1,000 calories
 Complete breakdown of glucose: 686 kcal
 Glycolysis: 3.5%
 Not enough

Chapter 7: Cellular
Respiration
Section 7-2: Aerobic Respiration
Overview
Aerobic
 Location:
 2 stages:

 Krebs
Cycle (Citric Acid cycle)
 Electron Transport chain and Chemiosmosis
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The Citric Acid Cycle - Overview
After glycolysis
 Location:
 Precursor step: Formation of acetyl-CoA

 Each
pyruvic acid loses a carbon  Carbon
dioxide
 Remaining 2 carbons combine with Coenzyme
A  acetyl-CoA
Precursor React-Citric Acid
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Citric
Acid
Cycle
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Steps of the Krebs Cycle
Step 1: 2 carbons of acetyl-CoA combines
with 4-C oxaloacetic acid  citric acid (6C)
 Step 2: CO2 is released

 Citric

acid is oxidized  NADH
Step 3: CO2 is released again
 Oxidation
 NADH
 ADP + P  ATP
Step 4: 4-C compound releases a H+ 
FADH2
 Step 5: Hydrogen is released again 
NADH

 Oxaloacetic
acid is regenerated
Totals from Krebs Cycle

Per pyruvic acid:





1
4
1
3
ATP
NADH (one from formation of acetyl-CoA)
FADH2
CO2 (one from formation of acetyl-CoA)
Per glucose:
2 ATP
 8 NADH
 2 FADH2
 6CO2

Q.O.D.
Compare and Contrast
photosynthesis to cellular
respiration.
Electron Transport Chain
Electrons carried by NADH and FADH2
provide energy to produce ATP
 Location:
 Creates concentration gradient of H+ in
intermembrane space
 Chemiosmosis creates ATP

 H+
move from intermembrane space 
matrix
Chapter
7
Electron
Section 2 Aerobic Respiration
Transport Chain and
Chemiosmosis
Electron Transport Chain – Role of O2
Final electron acceptor
 Electrons are low energy when get to end
of the chain
 O2 picks up electrons to allow process to
continue

 O2
+ 4e- + 4H+  2H2O
Energy Yield

Glycolysis
2
ATP
 2 NADH  6 ATP

Krebs Cycle
2
ATP
 8 NADH  24 ATP
 2 FADH2  4 ATP

Electron Transport + Chemiosmosis
 ATP’s
generated from NADH and FADH2
Photosynthesis vs. Cellular
Respiration
Stores energy
 Chloroplast
 Reactants: Water,
CO2, energy
 Products: Glucose, O2

Releases energy
 Mitochondria
 Reactants: Glucose,
O2
 Products: Water, CO2,
energy
