WARM-UP: DOL # 34
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
If a person wont take their own advice I don’t
believe that I would listen to them.
He said why are you going that way. The
meeting is in the other direction! After that they
went to the meeting together.
AMERICAN REGIONALISM, REALISM,
1860-1920(ish)
AND NATURALISM
WHAT IS REALISM?
A faithful representation of reality in literature,
also known as “verisimilitude.”
 Emphasis on development of believable
characters.
 Written in natural vernacular, or dialect.
 Prominent from 1860-1890.

REALIST WRITERS




Mark Twain
William Dean
Howells
Henry James
Edgar Lee Masters
WHY DID REALISM DEVELOP?






The Civil War
The urbanization and industrialization of America
As a reaction to Romanticism
Increasing rates of democracy and literacy
The emerging middle class
Upheaval and social change in the latter half of the
19th century
WHAT IS REGIONALISM?
Often called “local color.”
 Focuses on characters, dialect, customs,
topography, and other features specific to a
certain region (eg. the South)
 Coincided with Realism and sharing many of
the same traits.
 Prominent from 1865-1895.

REGIONALIST WRITERS




Kate Chopin—South
Mary E. WilkinsFreeman—New
England
Mark Twain—West
Willa Cather—
Midwest
WHY DID REGIONALISM DEVELOP?
Dual influence of Romanticism and Realism
 The Civil War and the building of a national
identity
 An outgrowth of realism with more focus on a
particular setting and its influence over
characters

WHAT IS NATURALISM?





Applied scientific principles of objectivity and
detachment to the study of human beings.
Influenced by Darwinism (natural selection) and
psychology (Freud)
Posited that men were governed by heredity and
environment.
Often depict man in conflict with nature, society, or
himself.
Prominent from 1880-1920(ish)
NATURALIST WRITERS







Stephen Crane
Ambrose Bierce
Jack London
Edwin Arlington
Robinson
Katherine Anne
Porter
Charlotte Perkins
Gilman
Edith Wharton
WHY DID NATURALISM DEVELOP?




The swell of immigrants in the latter half of the 19th
century, which led to a larger lower class and
increased poverty in the cities
The prominence of psychology and the theories of
Sigmund Freud
Pessimism in the wake of the Civil War and
Reconstruction
Publication of Charles Darwin’s Origin of the Species
POINTS TO REMEMBER…
Realism, Regionalism, and Naturalism are
intertwined and connected.
 Their influence has dominated most literature
created since 1920, though the movement
itself is dated to roughly that point.
 They are truly American modes of writing.

REALISM PREZI

http://prezi.com/yzthpbwg8jzx/e3-realism/
WARM-UP: DOL # 35
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
She and her friend has the same type of
personalities, they are both bubbly and energetic
which I find annoying.
Yes before she get the merchandice she has to
bring in the money order.
WHAT IS REALISM?
A faithful representation of reality in literature,
also known as “verisimilitude.”
 Emphasis on development of believable
characters.
 Written in natural vernacular, or dialect.
 Prominent from 1860-1890.

WHAT IS NATURALISM?





Applied scientific principles of objectivity and
detachment to the study of human beings.
Influenced by Darwinism (natural selection) and
psychology (Freud)
Posited that men were governed by heredity and
environment.
Often depict man in conflict with nature, society, or
himself.
Prominent from 1880-1920(ish)
WHAT IS REGIONALISM?
Often called “local color.”
 Focuses on characters, dialect, customs,
topography, and other features specific to a
certain region (eg. the South)
 Coincided with Realism and sharing many of
the same traits.
 Prominent from 1865-1895.

“Chopin’s works will make you laugh! They’ll make you
cry! They’ll make you lose 15 lbs! Read them!” raves
Mr. Long.
KATE CHOPIN
MAURY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwXoKNvmi
wI

Beneficent: Characterized by or performing acts of kindness or charity. Producing benefit;
beneficial.
Corbeille: A sculptured basket of flowers or fruits used as an architectural ornament. Also a
wastebasket, or satchel. (translated from French websites)
Parish: An administrative subdivision in Louisiana that corresponds to a county in other U.S.
states.
Imperious: Arrogantly domineering or overbearing. Urgent; pressing.
Quadroon: An offspring of a Mulatto and a White parent; a person who is one-quarter Black.


Sombre: dull; dusky; somewhat dark; gloomy; as, a somber forest; a somber house; Also
somber.
Pyre: A heap of combustibles for burning a corpse as a funeral rite. A pile of combustibles.
Layette: A set of clothing and bedding for a newborn child.
Espousal: A Betrothal. A wedding ceremony.
Cowl: The hood or hooded robe worn especially by a monk. A draped neckline on a woman's
garment. A hood-shaped covering used to increase the draft of a chimney. The top portion of
the front part of an automobile body, supporting the windshield and dashboard.
Pall: A cover for a coffin, bier, or tomb, often made of black, purple, or white velvet. A coffin,
especially one being carried to a grave or tomb. A covering that darkens or obscures: a pall
of smoke over the city. A gloomy effect or atmosphere: "A pall of depressed indifference
hung over Petrograd during February and March 1916" (W. Bruce Lincoln).
Bayou: A body of water, such as a creek or small river, that is a tributary of a larger body of
water. A sluggish stream that meanders through lowlands, marshes, or plantation grounds.
WARM-UP: DOL # 36
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
Neither the books nor the pen were found in his
desk, he needs to find them in order to study.
Because of his injury he could not play
basketball, or ran in his free time.
VOCAB REVIEWWWWWWW

Complete Exercise 7C on pages 69-70.
TERMS TO KNOW




Tall Tale: distinctively American form of storytelling
featuring outlandish characters and events, often with a
comic effect.
Hyperbole/Overstatement: a figure of speech exaggerating
or overstating a claim or point.
Understatement: the technique of downplaying the
significance of the outlandish, often to ironic or humorous
effect.
Local color: writing that brings a region alive by portraying
its dress, mannerisms, customs, character types, and
speech.
IRONY

There are three types of Irony
 Verbal
Irony: The writer or speaker says one thing,
but really means something completely different.
 Situational Irony: What is expected to happen is
the opposite of what actually occurs.
 Dramatic Irony: The reader or audience knows
something that the characters do not.

Read “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin.
WARM-UP: DOL # 37
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
Either my brothers or my father are going to loan
me the money.
In the back yard we decided to play a game of
football so we suited up and retreived the ball.

Read and annotate “The Lowest Animal” by
Mark Twain
WARM-UP: DOL # 38
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
Alot of things need to change if there team want
to win.
Before the p.e. class the soccerball as well as the
football need to be pumped.
LOWEST ANIMAL PREZI

http://prezi.com/j9jtipqr99lm/the-lowestanimal/
WILDE EPIGRAMS

http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/graphic/20
12/nov/27/oscar-wilde-epigrams-quotesinfographic
WARM-UP: DOL # 39
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
I like to watch sports I however am too lazy to
actually play them.
One of you is going to be real disapointed if you
bet that much money on the game.
VOCAB EXERCISEEEEEEEE

Complete Exercise 8A.
GRAD PAPER MISSES
Oh Lord, Jesus. It. Is. A. Farrrrrrr.
 Internal Citations
 Works Cited

EPIGRAMSSSSSSSSSSSS
Create your own epigrams!
 Remember that epigrams are meant to be
clever or witty, somehow involving paradox or
wordplay.
 If you can’t think of anything too clever,
however, move on with it! Just create a wise
quote.
 Make them look nice. Decorate them prettily.

REGIONALISMMMMMM
The town of Bickforth in 1853 was as bleak,
barren, and gray a place as any in the world.
Dust and dirt seemed to cover the stores and
people alike. Jethro Rank had lived in Bickforth
for all 16 years of his lifek, and he was fed up.
“Gonna get me a new horse and ride outta
this-her town,” Jethro told his friend Tully.
Tully snickered. “You all a time talkin’ like
that, but you ain’t never really gonna do it.”
WARM-UP: FOL # 40
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
One affect of excepting the award hear is that
it will affect who can here the exceptance
speech.
They’re are to many people their who like to
speak unkindly too others; its so sad.
VOCABULARY
ACER “sharp”
ACERO, ACERBARE “to make sour”
ACERBUS “bitter,” “sour”
Acerbic – bitter or sour in taste; harsh or sharp in speech,
manner, or temper
Acrid – Bitterly pungent or harsh in taste or smell; sharply
stinging
Exacerbate – To increase the severity of something
Acrimony – Bitter, sharp animosity, esp. in behavior or speech
ACUO “to sharpen” ACUS “needle”
• Acumen – keenness of insight and
discernment; wise
• Acute- very discerning; severe or intense
• EMO, EMERE “To buy”
• Peremptory -urgently commanding; not
allowing contradiction
• Preempt- To take precedence over someone
already arranged or in place
• Redemption – deliverance from sin;
reformation
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
KRATOS “strength,” “power”
Technocracy – govt’ or social system that put
technological theories into practice
Plutocrat – a member of a governing wealthy
class whose wealth grants political influence.
PECUNIA “money,” “wealth”
Pecuniary – relating to money
Impecunious – Lacking money; penniless
PORTO “To carry”
Comportment – behavior; demeanor
Purport – to claim; to profess (without giving
proof)
VOCABULARY REVIEW
Complete the vocab crossword in groups, pairs,
or individually.
 The winner(s) will receive extra participation
points and extra credit on vocab.
 If you work in groups, every person in the group
must have the crossword complete in order to
get the credit.

GRAD PAPER REMINDER
Your Grad Papers need to be correctly
formatted (MLA)
 Your Works Cited is EXTREMELY important. It
must be formatted correctly. There should be
exactly the same amount of sources on your
WC as the paper. Everything should match.
 I need TWO copies of the final draft
TOMORROW.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RISE TO REALISM
Realism
Reject the
Romantic Hero
Use of ordinary
people and
realistic events
Looked at people
from cities and the
lower class
Did not over
dramatize
Used everyday
language
Discussed the
ethical struggles
and social issues
of real life.
Naturalism
– Tried to analyze
human behavior
objectively (Like
a scientist)
– Thought
people’s
behavior was
hereditary and
caused by
environment
– Humans have
no control of
their destiny
– Life is a loosing
battle and the
world does not
care
Regionalism
– Focused on a
specific
geographical
setting
– Used speech
patterns of those
people in the
area
– Often unrealistic
REGIONALISMMMMMM
The town of Bickforth in 1853 was as bleak,
barren, and gray a place as any in the world.
Dust and dirt seemed to cover the stores and
people alike. Jethro Rank had lived in Bickforth
for all 16 years of his life, and he was fed up.
“Gonna get me a new horse and ride outta
this-her town,” Jethro told his friend Tully.
Tully snickered. “You all a time talkin’ like
that, but you ain’t never really gonna do it.”
EPIGRAM WINNERS
QUICK-WRITE:
How does our society view death?
 How do we treat those that are dying?
 What are some differences between cultures in
regards to different attitudes toward death?

POLL
Take out your cell-phones.
 Read the prompt and text your answer.

VOCAB WARM-UPPPPPPP

Vocab Exercise 7C (all 14)
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY




1st person point of view: the narrator is a character in the
work who tells everything in his or her own words and uses
the pronouns I, me, and my.
2nd person POV: (rarely used) the narrator addresses the
reader intimately as you.
3rd person POV: events are related by a voice outside the
action, not by one of the characters. Uses pronouns such
as he, she, and they.
3rd person omniscient: the narrator stands outside the
actiona and focuses on one character’s thoughts,
observations, and feelings.
ACADEMIC VOCAB CONTINUED





Motivation: the reasons for a character’s actions
Conflict: Conflict is the struggle between the opposing
forces on which the action in a work of literature
depends.
Character: people, and sometimes animals or other
beings, who take part in the action of a story or novel.
Theme: Main idea of a story; speaks to human
condition
Inference: to derive by reasoning; conclude or judge
from premises or evidence
“THE LAW OF LIFE”
Split into groups of 3-4
 What is/are the type(s) of conflict through
which Koskoosh is going? Explain.
 Identify possible themes
 Answer questions 1, 2, 3, and 5 on page 777.
 Each group also MUST create 1 ANALYSIS
question.

WARM-UP: FOL # 41
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
Ricardos’ favorite activity is yearbook staff,
chess club, and taking violin lessons.
Not one of the choir members were late for
rehersal on wednesday.
VOCABULARY QUIZ
Clear your desks
 Take your time
 For 16 and 17, you must locate the two
misspelled words in the word bank and spell
them correctly.
 You must also spell these words correctly when
they are used within the sentences.
 Happy quizzing…

ACADEMIC VOCABULARY

Connotations: Not the literal definition, but the
implied or secondary definition of a word.
Authors use this to suggest meaning
POLL
Take out your cell-phones.
 Read the prompt and text your answer.

THE OUTCASTS OF POKER FLAT

We will continue reading Bret Harte’s short
story.
WALT WHITMAN
Walt Whitman actually worked as a Union camp
hospital volunteer.
 Even with all of the traumatic events in the war,
however, he kept an optimistic attitude about
the American character

ABRAHAM LINCOLN
Gettysburg Address
 Emancipation Proclamation
 Considered one of the greatest orators of the
time
 Employed repetition to reinforce messages

CIVIL WAR’S EFFECT ON LITERATURE
Because not many writers fought in the Civil
War, not a lot of significant poetry and fiction
directly came from the Civil War Era.
 Because of the pessimism after the Civil War,
however, literature became more organic,
realistic, and “down-to-earth.
 The first novel did not come till much later than
the Civil War because the form of the realistic
novel had not fully been developed yet.

WARM-UP: FOL # 42
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
Before mental psycology was recognised many
physicions did not treat mental illness.
The brain is a powerfull thing, if you are not
careful it can lead to health deteriation.
TODAY’S OBJECTIVES
RL1: Locate evidence to support analysis of
what the text says explicitly as well as
inferences drawn from the text, including
determining where the text leaves matters
uncertain.
 RL9: Demonstrate knowledge of nineteenthcentury foundational works of American
Literature.

POLL
Take out your cell-phones.
 Read the prompt and text your answer.

THE POWER OF THE BRAIN

http://wxerfm.com/blogs/post/jfrieders/2012/
jan/25/picture-cool-optical-illusion-starnegative-photo-/
WARM-UP: FOL # 43
Directions: Copy each sentence exactly how it is written.
Make corrections where needed using some basic
editing codes.
^ insert
1.
2.
= capitalization
e delete
He needs to tell each of his kid’s to clean their
things up when they leave next time.
Hi said Martha. Are you going to go to the
dance? Yea I’ll be their.
“PERILOUS” STORY

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/theliteratureofprescrip
tion/education/educationAssets/digitalDocsPD
Fs/english/perilous.pdf
MASTERPIECE THEATER: THE YELLOW
WALLPAPER
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPCYupOUc
bo (8:45)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lNdm4UyL5
Wo (Beginning and 11:15)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWJ4ZtLlRv
E (2:16)

HISTORICAL TIME PERIOD

Realism
Regionalism
Naturalism
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RISE TO REALISM
Realism
Reject the
Romantic Hero
Use of ordinary
people and
realistic events
Looked at people
from cities and the
lower class
Did not over
dramatize
Used everyday
language
Discussed the
ethical struggles
and social issues
of real life.
Naturalism
– Tried to analyze
human behavior
objectively (Like
a scientist)
– Thought
people’s
behavior was
hereditary and
caused by
environment
– Humans have
no control of
their destiny
– Life is a loosing
battle and the
world does not
care
Regionalism
– Focused on a
specific
geographical
setting
– Used speech
patterns of those
people in the
area
– Often unrealistic
LITERARY TERMS TO KNOW












Author’s purpose
Tone
Conflict (Internal and External)
Point of View (1st, 3rd limited, Omniscient)
Irony (Situational, Dramatic, Verbal)
Satire
Character Motivation
Historical Time Period (significance of)
Connotations
Repetition
Foreshadowing
Stereotype
“STORY OF AN HOUR” QUESTIONS TO THINK
ABOUT:
What is irony, and how is it displayed in this story?
Why does Kate Chopin continually refer to Mrs. Mallard
in the formal sense, not the personal sense as with the
other characters?
What does Chopin/Mallard mean by “Free, free, free”
What is the imagery created by the following phrases?
1.
2.
3.
4.
a.
b.
How do the following examples show the irony
created by Chopin in this story?
How do the following examples lead the reader in
one direction and prepare the reader for the
blunt, maybe tragic ending?
EXAMPLE #1

“She did not hear the story as many women
have heard the same, with a paralyzed
inability to accept its significance. She wept at
once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her
sister’s arms. When the storm of grief had
spent itself she went away to her room alone.
She would have no one follow her.”
EXAMPLE #2
“She could see in the open square before
her house the tops of trees that were all
aquiver with the new spring life. The
delicious breath of rain was in the air. In the
street below a peddler was crying his wares.
The notes of a distant song which someone
was singing reached her faintly, and
countless sparrows were twittering in the
eaves”
EXAMPLE #3
“When she had abandoned herself, a little
whispered word escaped her slightly parted
lips. She said it over and over under her
breath; ‘Free, Free, Free!’ The vacant stare
and the look of terror that had followed it went
from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright.
Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood
warmed and relaxed every inch of her body”
EXAMPLE #4
“There would be no one to live for during those
coming years; she would live for herself. There
would be no powerful will bending hers in that
blind persistence with which men and women
believe they have a right to impose a private
will upon a fellow creature.”
EXAMPLE #5

She arose at length and opened the doors to
her sister’s importunities. There was a feverish
triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself
like a goddess of Victory.”
UNIT 4 PRACTICE

Assessment Practice pp. 846-857
FOOD FOR THOUGHT

Compare and contrast Whitman’s attitudes about the Civil War?
Did this change his perception of life or his attitudes about his
writing?

How did the Civil War affect writing styles and/or concepts?

What are the characteristics of the naturalistic writings, realistic
writings, and regionalist writers? (Suggestion: make a three
column chart)