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Textbook --> pp. 436 - 439
1. What three major factors did the United States have going for it
that generated the great technological boom of the late 19c to
early 20c?
2. How did the availability of many key raw materials influence late
19c industrialization?
3. Why did steel change the face of the nation at the turn of the last
century?
4. Why was Thomas A. Edison nicknamed the "Wizard of Menlo
Park?"
5. How did electricity transform American life?
6. Why was their such an explosion of inventions and patents in the
late 19c?
7. How did all of these new inventions affect the nation's
workers? American business? Everyday life in late 19c
America?
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"black gold"
Edwin L. Drake
Titusville, PA
Bessemer process
Brooklyn Bridge
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Thomas Alva Edison
George Westinghouse
Christopher Sholes
Alexander Graham Bell
Textbook --> pp. 442- 446.
1. Most laborers employed by the railroad companies came from what
ethnic groups? What were their working conditions like?
2. What were the pros and cons of railroad expansion in the last half
of the 19c?
3. Professor C. F. Dowd resolved what major transportation problem
for the railroads?
4. How was the development of industry affected by the railroads?
5. Why did the residents of the Pullman company town resent the
Pullman Car Company?
6. How did railroad owners use the Crédit Mobilier Company to make
huge, undeserved profits?
7. What were the Grange Laws? How did the railroads fight back and
challenge these laws?
8. How did the Supreme Court ruling of Munn v. IL (1887) create an
important legal precedent regarding the relationship between the
federal government and private business?
9. What legal principle was reestablished by the passage of the
Interstate Commerce Act?
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"Iron Horse"
Professor C. F. Dowd
Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
Interstate Commerce
Commission [ICC]
* George M. Pullman
* company town
* Crédit Mobilier
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* Granger Laws
* Munn v. IL (1887)
* Cornelius Vanderbilt
* J. P. Morgan & Co.
Textbook --> pp. 447-455.
Excerpts from Andrew Carnegie's "The Gospel
of Wealth."
1. What were Andrew Carnegie's management
techniques?
2. Define the terms vertical integration and
horizontal integration and explain the
distinctions between the two.
3. What is the origin of the philosophy of Social
Darwinism? How did it affect late 19c economic
and political policies?
4. Who was Horatio Alger? What were the main
themes of his writing?
5. How was Andrew Carnegie's life a symbol of the
American success story?
6. What strategies enabled big business to
eliminate competition?
7. How did John D. Rockefeller take a different
approach to business consolidation from the
approach taken by Andrew Carnegie?
8. Explain the ideal of the "Gospel of
Wealth." How was it applied by the "robber
barons" of the late 19c?
9. Could Bill Gates of Microsoft be considered a
21c "robber baron?" Defend your position.
10. What was the key flaw in the Sherman Antitrust
Act of 1890?
11. How did economic factors limit industrialization
in the post-Reconstruction South?
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Andrew Carnegie
mogul
U. S. Steel
vertical integration
horizontal integration
* Social Darwinism
* Herbert Spencer
* William Graham
Sumner
* Horatio Alger
* oligopoly
* monopoly
* holding company
* John D. Rockefeller
* trust
* "robber baron"
* Standard Oil Co. of
Ohio
* philanthropy
* Gospel of Wealth
* Sherman Antitrust Act
(1890)
* Ida Tarbell