Plan your work….and work your plan!
 Describe
the emergency plan
 Discuss the components of the
emergency plan
 Define an emergency and provide
examples of emergency situations
 Understand and explain a plan for
handling emergency situations
EMERGENCY
 Role
of the certified athletic trainer
1. Evaluate the situation
2. Assess extent & seriousness of injury
3. Recognize life-threatening situations
4. Provide immediate emergency care
5. Initiate emergency procedures (plan)
 Emergency
action plan
• To provide care to athletes w/potentially life-
altering or life-threatening injuries
• To minimize the time needed to provide
response to a medical emergency
 Development
of an EAP
 Proper coverage of athletic events &
practices
 Maintenance & upkeep of emergency
supplies
 Selection of personnel for team
 Continuing education in emergency care
 Development
& implementation of the EAP
 Personnel available
 Initial assessment & care
 Emergency communication
 Emergency equipment & supplies
 Venue locations
 Emergency transportation
 Location of emergency care facilities
 Legal need & documentation
 Developed
by institutional personnel in
consultation w/local emergency services
Personnel
Communication
Documentation
EAP
Emergency
facilities
Venue
location
Equipment &
supplies
Transportation
 EAP
implementation
• Documentation of plan
• Education of those involved
• Frequent practice
 Venue
specific copy of EAP by phone or
other prominent location
 Team
make-up varies depending on
availability
 All should be first responders
• First aid
• CPR
• AED
• BBP
 Roles
within the emergency team
1. Immediate care of the athlete
2. Emergency equipment retrieval
3. Activation of the EMS system
4. Direction of EMS to the scene
 CHECK
• The scene for safety
• The scene for evidence on the MOI
• The patient for ABC’s, fractures & bleeding
 CALL
• 911 or emergency mgt services
• Give proper directions to site
• Meet ambulance and direct to patient
 CARE
• Calm and reassure injured athlete
• Reassess & monitor all vital signs
• Control any bleeding
• Immobilize injured body part
• Provide CPR/AED and
first aid as needed
 Activate
EMS
• Make the call (911)
• Identify yourself! Provide name, title and
•
•
•
•
telephone number.
Number of athletes involved in the emergency
Suspected condition of the athlete(s)
Treatment initiated and by who
Specific directions to location (accessibility)
 Check
communications before each
practice or event
 Always have a back-up plan!
 Know location of working land line phone
 Post list of emergency numbers
 Include directions w/posted numbers
 On
hand for all practices & events
 Know location & function
 Inventory annually
 Check periodically
 Equipment
 Supplies
• AED unit
• First aid kit
• Immobilization splints
• Sterile bandages
• Stretcher/spine board
• Tape and elastic wraps
• Airway bag – valve
• Bloodborne pathogens
mask
supplies (PPE)
 EAP
is specific to each venue
• Examples?
 Communicate
to visiting team personnel
• Personnel, communications, equipment
 Neutral
sites???
 By
emergency personnel
 Availability of emergency services at
high risk activities
 Communication strategy with on-site
emergency personnel
 Required
by risk management offices
 Should be a part of p/p manuals
 Should be posted in each venue
 Documentation:
• Emergency information
• Injury evaluation forms
• Delineation of responsibility
• Documentation on rehearsal of EAP
• Equipment/supply inventory, purchases
 Evident
& recognizable as lack of breathing
or absence of pulse
1. Primary survey
- ABC’s: ???
- determine responsiveness
- determine needed actions
- other conditions may cause
condition to deteriorate slowly
2. Secondary survey
- more detailed, hands-on, head to
toe assessment
- detect non-life-threatening
conditions, left untreated could
become serious
 State
of consciousness
- level of responsiveness
- respond to your voice?
- withdraw from painful stimuli?
- totally unresponsive?
 Airway
 Breathing
 Circulation
 Vital
signs
1. Pulse (HR)
- normal adult rate
- children
- technique
- irregularities
 Vital
signs
2. Respiration (BR)
- adult rate
- children
- technique
- irregularities
 Vital
signs
3. Blood pressure (BP)
- definition
- systolic pressure (normal)
- diastolic pressure (normal)
- irregular conditions
:
Systolic Blood
Pressure (SBP)
mm Hg
Diastolic Blood
Pressure (DBP)
mm Hg
Normal
Prehypertension
Stage I Hypertension
<120
120–139
140–159
<80
80–89
90–99
Stage II Hypertension
>160
>100
 Other
vital assessment areas
1. Skin color (3 for assessment)
a. red
b. blue
c. white/pale
2. Pupils
- sensitive to nervous system conditions
- PEARRL
- deviations from normal
- constricted
- unequal
- dilated
 Decision
making time
1. Seriousness of injury
2. First aid &/or immobilization necessary?
3. Immediate referral to MD?
4. Manner of transportation?
 Personnel
 Communiation
 Equipment
 Who’s
in charge? (respect others)
 Access to areas?
 Ambulance coverage at high risk
activities?
 Who calls the ambulance?
 Components
• Emergency personnel
• Emergency communication
• Emergency equipment
• Response plan
 Coverage
based on sport/activity, setting,
type of training/competition
 NCAA requirements for athletic
personnel
 Requires
team approach
 Roles
of team
• Care of the athlete
• Equipment retrieval
• EMS activation
• Directing EMS to scene
 Access
to phone?
(check before every
practice)
 Who
makes the call?
 Review information
 All
equipment should be at the site!
 Be familiar with equipment
 Equipment in good condition
 Readily available
 Plan
same at all locations?
 Others aware of the plan?
 Others aware of their role?
- coaches, equipment people, managers
Work Your Plan
Common Athletic Injuries
- strains & sprains
- overuse
- neurological conditions
Exam #2: Monday, October 26