Scientific
Processes
Chapter 1.2 & 1.3
(You already know
this!)
Why study Biology?
If Biology is the study of life, what could you do
with an education in Biology?
With your tablemate, list at least 3 world issues
that can be addressed through the knowledge
of Biology. (5 min)
Be ready to share
Preserve Our Environment
“Improve” the Food Supply
Understand the Human Genome
Genome – the complete set of DNA in one
•
entire organism.
Fighting Disease
HIV
•Cancer
•
New Diseases
•
West Nile Virus
–Mad Cow Disease
–
Gene Therapy
Inserting “healthy genes” into people with
genetic disorders.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
–
–Genetic,
lung disorder,
Hemophilia
–
–Bleeder’s
disease
–Blood won’t clot/scab
How do scientists uniformly study
and present their findings?
Scientific Process
How are scientific
experiments conducted?
•
Must be complete,
detailed, and able to be
replicated by other
scientists.
•
Science community has an
accepted format.
•
1. Observation
What do you notice?
•
Are there patterns?
–What are the conditions?
–Has anyone else noticed this
before?
–
2. Ask Questions
●
How?
●
Why?
●
How many?
●
How often?
●
What variations?
●
What conditions?
3. Hypothesis
Using your knowledge,
develop an educated
explanation of might be
true.
•Has to be testable.
4. Predict
What do you expect to happen with your
experiment, assuming your hypothesis is
correct?
•
5. Experiment
Confirm or refute your predictions/hypothesis
•Terms to know:
•
Control Group – receives no experimental treatment
–Experimental Group –
receives some type of experimental treatment.
–
5. Experiment
Terms to know:
•Independent (manipulated) Variable –what is
changed in an experiment
•Dependent (responding) Variable – what is
measured in an experiment
E.g.
IV – sunlight
DV – height of plant
•
6. Conclusion
(The Write-Up)
Is your hypothesis supported or rejected?
•
Constructing a Theory
Related hypothesis, tested and confirmed
many times by many different scientists.
•
The definition of THEORY
In Police work means: hypothesis/or educated
guess.
In science means: “most certain”. Explains a broad
range of observations. Is probably always true.
E.g.: Theory of Evolution, Big Bang Theory