7th Grade Science
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Understand
the basic structure and
function (job) of the tissues,
organs, and organ systems of plants
 Consider
the similarities between
animal systems and plant systems
Plant CELLS (review)
 Have
all the same basic parts as
animals EXCEPT also have a CELL
WALL and CHLOROPLASTS
 Larger vacuoles for storing water
 Usually have a more square shape
Plant TISSUES
 Tissues
= cells that are working in a
team to do the same job (function)


Are the
“circulatory
system” of the
plant
Both are TUBES
used for transport


Xylem (pronounced
zi-lem) tissue is
made of tubes
that carry WATER
and MINERALS
(*usually upward
from the roots to
the rest of the
plant)
Usually xylem tubes are larger (in
diameter)


Phloem (pronounced floem) tissue is made of
tubes that carry FOOD
(or SUGARS)
(*usually downward from
the leaves to the rest of
the plant)
Phloem
Tube
Form the “veins” in leaves
 Also called “vascular” tissue

Each line =
a vein (made of
xylem & phloem
tissue)
Xylem Tissue
Phloem Tissue
Plant ORGANS
 Organs
= 2 or more tissues working
together to do the same job
(function)
Jobs of a Root:
 Absorb
water & minerals from the soil.
 Transport water & minerals up to stem &
leaves.
 Anchor the plant in soil.
 Store food (ex. carrot, radish, & turnip)
Jobs of a Stem:
 To
support leaves and
flowers
 To transport water,
minerals, and food
 To store and
sometimes make food
Jobs of Leaves
Take
in sunlight to make food
(photosynthesis)
Chloroplasts are the organelle that
make this possible in plant cells
 Chlorophyll
is the molecule
in green parts of plants that
uses the energy in sunlight
to turn water (H2O) and
carbon dioxide gas (CO2)
into sugar (glucose—
C6H12O6) and oxygen gas
(O2). This process is called
photosynthesis.
 Leaves
come in many sizes
and shapes; they are often
used to help identify
plants.

Plant spines (like cactus spines) are
actually modified leaves
Label your diagram as we go! (Add the
numbers and arrows!)
leaf is made of many
layers that are sandwiched
between two layers of
tough skin cells (called the
epidermis). Label as #1
2
A
1
 The
epidermis also
secretes a waxy substance
called the cuticle (2).
These layers protect the
leaf from insects, bacteria,
and other pests.
1
 Among
the epidermal cells
are pairs of sausageshaped guard cells (3).
Each pair of guard cells
forms a pore (called stoma;
the plural is stomata-4).
 Gases
enter and exit the
leaf through the stomata.
4
3
3
 Most
food production
takes place in
mesophyll cells. Gas
exchange occurs in the
air spaces between the
oddly shaped cells of
the spongy mesophyll
(5).
5
 Veins
(6) support the
leaf and are filled with
vessels that transport
food, water, and
minerals to the plant
through branches.
6
 Photosynthesis
by Brainpop
 Autumn Leaves by Brainpop
 Leaves
Video Clip-Discovery Channel
Jobs of Flowers
 reproductive
system of
seed plants
PETALS
Parts of the flower include:
opetals
Parts of the flower include:
sepals
SEPALS
Parts of the flower include:
opistil (the female
reproductive organs)
Parts of the flower include:
o stamens (the male
reproductive organs).
Can you
identify the
male and
female
parts of this
flower?
 Flowers
produce
fruits, which
grow seeds
that can
mature into
new plants

GERMINATION =
when a seed starts
growing
SEEDS
Can you see the new baby
plant at the bottom of the
peanut?
FRUITS come from FLOWERS!
*Anything that has SEEDS on the
inside is a FRUIT!!!
Pollination by Brainpop
 Plant Growth by Brainpop
 Flower Parts by Discovery Channel


Extreme Plant Adaptations—Discovery
Channel
Sources