By, Bridget Espinola

("Pakistan earthquake," )
("Shops and vehicles," 2011)
(Penn)
("Terrorist attack," )
("A man walks," 2010)
(Ahmed, 2008)

Life in Pakistan

On October 8 th , 2005, a 7.6 earthquake hit
Pakistan at about 9am. At least 86,000 people were killed, and 69,000 were injured. Whole villages were destroyed, and 32,335 buildings collapsed in
Anantnag, Baramula, Jammu, Srinagar, and Kashmir. (U.S. Geology Survey, 2007)

CNN - Pakistan quake toll at 18,000

Life in Pakistan



In the summer of 2010, the worst floods in the history of Pakistan began to take its toll on what would be 18 million people affected by the disaster. Nearly a year later, the flood camps and distraught families are still far from recovery. (BBC,
January 28, 2011)
BBC News - Pakistan life after floods
Washington Post - Pakistan floods

Life in Pakistan




From 2007 onwards, civilian fatalities from terrorism in Pakistan more than doubled, as well as the number of attacks. The peak number of fatalities occurred in
2009, with 2,307 civilian deaths. (South
Asia Terrorism Portal, 2011)
BBC News - Fighting in Karachi, Pakistan
BBC News - Muslims killed in Pakistan
NY Times - Terrorism rising in Pakistan

("Pakistan on the," 2010)
("Poverty pangs," )
("This year's anti-poverty," )
(Tanveer)
(RAWA)
("An afghan refugee," )

In Pakistan…

54.2% of the population is literate

23% of the population is undernourished

22.59% of the population is in poverty

The life expectancy at birth is 67.2 years

320 of 100,000 women die giving birth

89 of 1,000 children under age 5 die

6.8 of 100,000 people are murdered
(Human Development Reports, n.d.)

Pakistan ranks…

#143 of 178 in government corruption

#138 of 224 in deaths

#166 of 222 in life expectancy

#35 of 153 in death by HIV/AIDS
(Central Intelligence Agency, 2009)

("Wedding of princess," 2010)
(H&M)
(Freedia, 2010)
(AFP, 2010)
("Stockholm," )
("But who in," )
("Stormen gudrun, sweden," 2005)

Life in Sweden

On January 8, 2005, hurricane Gudrun swept across southern Sweden, claiming nine lives and much forest damage.
(Haanpää, Lehtonen, Peltonen, &
Talockaite, n.d.)

Hurricane Gudrun Report

Life in Sweden

On June 19, 2010, Princess Victoria married her former personal trainer, Daniel
Westling, in Sweden. A ceremony that was beheld across Europe, if not the world. It was Sweden’s first royal marriage since
1976. (BBC, June 19, 2010)

BBC News - Pictures of Princess Victoria's wedding

Life in Sweden

Since winning first prize in a fashion festival in 2007, Sandra Buckland has been influencing Swedish clothing. Other designers, such as Rickard Lindqvist and the three sisters behind the brand
Minimarket, are also making a splash as well. (Randecker & Lagerberg, 2011)

The Local - Swedish fashion

("Royal canal tour," ) ("Gothia towers hotel," )
("Tourism," )
("Xmas spirit in," )
("Stockholm scenery," )
("Swedish girls," )

In Sweden…

99% of the population is literate

<5% of the population is undernourished

There is no available statistic for poverty

The life expectancy at birth is 81.3 years

3 of 100,000 women die giving birth

3 of 1,000 children under age 5 die

0.9 of 100,000 people are murdered
(Human Development Reports, n.d.)

Sweden Ranks…

#4 of 178 in government corruption

#50 of 224 in deaths

#16 of 222 in life expectancy

#115 of 153 in death by HIV/AIDS
(CIA, 2009)

("Swedish flag," )

Happiness and Lifestyle in Sweden

In a 2008 study focusing on the correlation of low rates of hypertension and happiness, 93% of Swedes interviewed for the study chose to report that they were satisfied with their lives.

Sweden incidentally, reported some of the lowest occurrences of hypertension amongst its happy individuals.
(Blanchflower & Oswald, 2008)

Happiness and Lifestyle in Sweden

Sweden is well-known for its lifestyle. The country ranks #4 of 155 in happiness, with 68% of its population considered to be thriving, 30% to be struggling, and only 2% to be suffering. (Levy, 2010)

Sweden has a reputation for its healthconscious society, as such, most health costs are paid for by employers or taxes.

Happiness and Lifestyle in Sweden

Sweden takes care of its people:
– All workers are entitled to 5 weeks of paid vacation per year
– They are also entitled to 480 days of maternity and paternity leave after the birth of a child, and 120 days annually thereafter to take care of their children when sick
– Education is free from age 6 through university
(The Official Gateway to Sweden, n.d.)

("Pakistan flag," )

Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan

A 2000 study on the prevalence of stress in Pakistan suggests that over 40% of the country is depressed, with around 25% of males and 57% of females being affected.

The study also suggests that the rate of depression in Pakistan is higher than other developing countries due to the high levels of social adversity across the population.
(Hussain, Creed, & Tomenson, 2000)

Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan

Some believe that depression is less likely to occur in more rural areas of Pakistan, but a 2009 study suggests otherwise. In this study, 43.1% of 260 people interviewed were concluded to suffer from anxiety and depression. The study took place in a rural village in Sindh, Pakistan.
(Luni, Ansari, Jawad, Dawson, & Baig,
2009)

Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan

A third study published in 2007 also found a regional variance in depression:
– 35.7% of the population is depressed in
Karachi, Pakistan
– 43.9% of the population is depressed in
Quetta, Pakistan
– 53.4% of the population is depression in
Lahore, Pakistan
(Gadit & Mugford , 2007)

Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan



Pakistan ranks #58 of 155 in happiness, with 73% of its population considered struggling or suffering. (Levy, 2010)
Depression in Pakistan is believed to be closely tied to social unrest and financial complications in one’s life.
Of the 128,073 physicians in Pakistan, only 250 are trained as psychiatrists.
(Gadit & Mugford, 2007)

NY Times – Class Dismissed

Mercy Corps – Providing water to flood victims

Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan


The aforementioned studies have speculated that social unrest, lack of education, and lifestyle difficulties are leading contributors to the distress that
Pakistanis experience.
The links established to education and lifestyle are especially evident in the videos depicting hardships amongst
Pakistani people.

The Differences

What has been presented is the picture of a developing country that greatly suffers in its struggle towards progress. In a country where nearly half the population suffers from depression, social distress and chaos is present. This is even more obvious when put beside the profile of a developed country, like Sweden.

The Differences

As you have gathered, Pakistan is a developing country that suffers from widespread poverty, social conflict, and poor recovery from natural disasters.

Sweden is considered a developed country, with democratic ideals and little poverty, social conflict, and easy recovery from natural disasters.

The Differences

The drastic contrast between a developed nation and one that is the victim of severe discord is striking, but also provides insight into the causes of the latter’s misfortune. Insight which may prove to be very useful in finding a solution to the
Pakistani people’s distress.

Possible Solutions

It is not hard to see that the major driving force behind Pakistan’s troubles is terrorism. Government policy can do nothing against a population’s fear for safety in their own country.

Eliminate terrorism, and the government will not have to compete for the reigns of its own country.

Possible Solutions
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
If terrorism is ever to be eliminated in Pakistan, then the government can, hopefully, start moving towards progress in aiding its impoverished population.
Pakistan already receives a great deal of humanitarian aid – considered the 14 th largest recipient of aid in 2008. (Global Humanitarian
Assistance, 2010)
In 2008, Pakistan received $1.5billion aid. (GHA,
2010)

Possible Solutions



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36.6% of total aid is put towards economic infrastructure and services
7.7% is put towards government and civil society
3.7% is put towards other social infrastructure and services
3% is put towards water and sanitation
6.4% is put towards health
10.1% is put towards population and reproductive health
8.5% is put towards education
(GHA, 2010)

Possible Solutions

Perhaps if the government and population ever recovers from the damages of terrorism, aid can be focused on eliminating poverty and health concerns across Pakistan. Then, the population can experience real progress towards peace of mind and higher living standards. And depression can become manageable, and lower in occurrence.

Bibliography
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Mohammud Gadit, AA, & Mugford, G. (2007). Prevalence of depression among households in three capital cities of pakistan: need to revise the mental health policy. from
PLoS ONE http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.
pone.0000209
Hussain, N, Creed, F, & Tomenson, B. (2000). Depression and social stress in pakistan. (2), Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10824659
Blanchflower, D, & Oswald, A. (2008). Hypertension and happiness across nations.
Psychological Medicine , 30
Journal of Health Economics , 27
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54
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Prevalence of depression and anxiety in a village in sindh. J Ayub
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