Chapter 6 Review
Using information found on Mr. Binder’s slides as well as the textbook,
answer all of the following questions please.
1. Review molecule of DNA. What does it consist of? What are its
characteristics? Compare and contrast it to RNA.
2. How is our DNA organized? How many chromosomes do we have? How
many genes make up our DNA structure? Explain the term “anti-parallel”.
3. What are 4 requirements for DNA to be genetic material?
4. What is DNA replication? What is the biological significance of DNA
replication?
5. Which phase does DNA replication occur?
6. What are the rules of DNA replication?
7. Provide 3 mechanisms for DNA replication? What happens at each
mechanism?
8. Why is DNA semi-conservative?
9. What happens during strand separation? Where does strand separation
start? What happens at these origins? Which enzyme unwinds DNA?
10. Which enzyme is used to reduce a supercoil? What molecules are used to
prevent the separated strand from annealing back together?
11. How is the overall time of DNA replication reduced to only ~1 hour?
12. Which enzyme is used to build complementary strands? Which direction
can this enzyme build complementary strands? What does this enzyme use
to build new strands?
13. What allows DNA polymerase III to bind to DNA strands? What enzyme
places this primer on the strand?
14. What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand?
Compare and contrast.
15. What are okazaki fragments? Where are they used?
16. Which enzyme removes RNA primers and fills the gaps?
17. What is the purpose of DNA ligase? What bond does it form?
18. How many errors per million base pairs are there? How are errors in the
replication process dealt with?
19. What is chromosome erosion? Where does this occur? Does it create a
problem?
20. What is the problem that solves chromosome erosion?
21. What are telomeres? Which enzyme is used to attach telomeres?
22. What is cell senescence? What can it be linked to?