ME354 Tensile Test Review
Improve Your Lab Report
Yih-Yan Lin Feb.4, 2011
• Tensile Test Review
• Improve your schematics
• Improve your figures by Microsoft Excel
• Improve your figures by MATLAB
• Improve your tables by Microsoft Word
Tensile Test Review
Data Analysis of Lab 4 — Tensile Test
Topic
A36 Steel
Al 6061 T-6
PMMA
Polycarbonate
1. Engineering stress and strain curve
√
√
√
√
2. Ultimate Strength*
√
√
√
√
3. Modulus of Elasticity and Yield Strength*
√
√
4. Modulus of Resilience**
√
√
Modulus of Toughness**
√
√
√
√
5. True Fracture Strength*
√
√
√
√
Percent Reduction in Area*
√
√
√
√
Percent Reduction Elongation*
√
√
√
√
6. True stress and strain**
√
7. Strength Coefficient and Strain Hardening Exponent***
√
* Statistical Analysis (average and standard deviation)
** Pick up only one set of the data
*** Error Analysis
Use appropriate schematics, tables and figures in your report.
Load
Strains
Tensile Test Review – MATLAB Code examples
Engineering stress and strain curves
Modulus of Toughness
Enlarge the pictures to see the details.
Improve Your Schematics
Microsoft Office Visio
Microsoft Office Word
(My research in UW, 2010)
(My modal test lab report in 2002)
Fourier Analyzer
Digital
Analog
A/D card
Anti-Aliasing Filter
Charge Amplifiers
Input and
Output Signal
Trigger Signal
k
k
Hammer
Accelerometer
H=0.6 cm
L=111.6 cm
W=5.3 cm
Microsoft Office Powerpoint
(Lecture Slide, ME354 W2011)
Dogbone specimen
Don’t use Microsoft Windows Paint!
gage section
grip
grip
fillet
Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel
Excel Default Figure
600
5
500
2
7
9
400
A36
300
6061
8
PC
200
PMMA
100
1
0
0
0.2
0.4
4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
0.6
0.8
1
3
1.2
6
1.4
2
Inside major tike mark type
Must have axis labels and units
Keep decimal places consistent
Change axis color form grey to black
Remove horizontal grid line
6.
7.
8.
9.
No chart area border
Need plot area border
Move the legend inside the plot area
No markers
Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)
What are you going to tell your readers?
600
Ultimate Strength: Steel > Al
Modulus of Toughness: Steel > Al
Modulus of Elasticity: Steel > Al
Yielding Strength: Steel ~ Al
Stress s (MPa)
500
A36 Steel
400
300
6061 T-6 Aluminum
200
100
0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
Strain e (mm/mm)
600
A36 Steel
500
Failure Strain
Ultimate Strength
6061 T-6 Aluminum
Stress s (MPa)
Polycarbonate
400
Polymethylmethacrylate
300
200
100
0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Strain e (mm/mm)
1.0
1.2
1.4
Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)
2. Decimal place
1. Greek alphabet: “Times New Roman” to “Symbol”
Font style: Times New Roman
Font style: Symbol
600
4. Change to black axis
(default is gray color)
500
A36 Steel
6061 T-6 Aluminum
A36 Steel
Polycarbonate
Stress s (MPa)
1. Greek
alphabet
400
3. Inside tick mark type
Polymethylmethacrylate
6061 T-6 Aluminum
300
4. Axis color: solid and black
200
PMMA
100
Polycarbonate
3. Inside tick mark type
0
0.0
0.2
2. decimal place:1
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
Strain e (mm/mm)
1. Greek alphabet
• No horizontal grid lines. (You may keep both horizontal and vertical grid lines or remove both of them,
but don’t keep either one)
• Remember axis labels and units. (physical parameter, Greek alphabet, unit . eg: Stress s (MPa) )
• If you don’t have color printer, use black color, gray color and different line styles to distinguish different data sets.
• Either “legend” or “text box in the plot” will suffice to help distinguish different data sets.
Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)
Looks good, but could be better.
8.00
Displacement, d (mm)
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
Round tube
1.00
C- Channel
0.00
0
100
200
300
400
500
Load Cell Readings, RLC (N)
• Distinguished by types of line style and types of data-point
symbol– either one of them would suffice.
• Textboxes by the line might be better than legend.
8.00
8.00
7.00
7.00
Round tube
6.00
C- Channel
5.00
Round tube
6.00
Displacement, d (mm)
Displacement, d (mm)
Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
5.00
C- Channel
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
0
100
200
300
400
500
Load Cell Readings, RLC (N)
• Different data sets are distinguished
by types of data-point symbol.
• Lines are only for showing the trend
of the data.
0.00
0
100
200
300
400
500
Load Cell Readings, RLC (N)
• Different data sets are distinguished
by types of line style.
• Types of data-point symbol are only
for showing numbers of data point.
Improve Your Figures by MATLAB
MATLAB Default Figure – much better than Word
1.
2.
3.
4.
106
M, 10-6
m
Decimal places inconsistent
Unit, Legend and Textbox
Different line styles to distinguish different data sets
Improve Your Figures by MATLAB (cont’)
Arrows and textboxes
MATLAB code
Legend and different line style
Improve Your Tables by Microsoft Word
No unit
Word Default Figure
SG2a (θ = -17)
εθ
Percent
(με)
Error
εmeas
(με)
εmeas
(με)
SG2b (θ = 25)
εθ
Percent
(με)
Error
εmeas
(με)
SG2c (θ = 70)
εθ
Percent
(με)
Error
-224
-211.39
5.97
-170
-181.85
6.52
53
36.33
45.88
-450
-429.41
4.79
-348
-363.61
4.29
105
83.20
26.20
-675
-904
-634.07
-845.45
6.46
6.93
-528
-707
-545.46
-727.30
3.000000
2.79
152
201
124.80
166.39
22
20.80
Avoid two
rows in a unit
This table has Times New Roman, Calibri and italic, three font styles.
Only three full-width
lines; no vertical lines
Improve your Figure
Table E.6. Stress and Strain at Strain Gage 2 for C-Channel.
Title
SG2a (θ = -17°)
Headings
Body
SG2b (θ = 25°)
SG2c (θ = 70°)
εmeas (με)
εθ (με)
Error (%)
εmeas (με)
εθ (με)
Error (%)
εmeas (με)
εθ (με)
Error (%)
-224
-211.39
5.97
-170
-181.85
6.52
53
36.33
45.88
-450
-429.41
4.79
-348
-363.61
4.29
105
83.20
26.20
-675
-634.07
6.46
-528
-545.46
3.20
152
124.80
21.79
-904
-845.45
6.93
-707
-727.30
2.79
201
166.39
20.80
• Use “Times” font style. Avoid “Calibri” and “italic”. Use “italic” only when you emphasize something,
refer to a book name or show writing style. Italic may help Greek alphabets look better.
• Keep font size and font style consistent in your report.
• Don’t forget the units.
• Keep decimal place consistent and decimal place more than three might be meaningless
Thank you.