 Def. of Genocide and The Holocaust
 Jews living in Europe
 Germany and anti-Semitism
 Reasons for the Holocaust
 The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy
 The Ghettos
 Camps/ Auschwitz& Birkenau
 Liberation & Beyond
 References

Def. of Genocide and The Holocaust
 Genocide: any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group
 The Holocaust : the Nazis’ systematic genocide of among
6 million Jews during
1938-1945

 http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/index.html
http://www.holocaust-education.dk/holocaust/hvadhvemhvor.asp

Jews living in Europe
1 2 http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/j_maps.htm
http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/Nazigenmaps.htm

Jews living in Europe
 1st: map of the age of the European
Jewish communities in 1939. Most of them including Germany have existed for many years.
 2nd: map of Jewish population in 1939 in Europe.

Germany and anti-Semitism
1
 anti Jewish sentiment the Nazis used to carry out the persecution & later extermination of the
European Jews
2
 http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp

3
5
4
6
 http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp

Germany and anti-Semitism
 1st: Caricature of Jews’ preference for money and power in Germany.
 2nd: Jews persecuted and murdered in the Middle Ages.
 3rd: Pseudo-scientific measuring to define the Jews as inferior, threatening the purity of the German,

Germany and anti-Semitism
 4th: The ‘stab-in-the-back’ legend: The
Jews got blamed for Germany’s defeat in
World War Ⅰ .
 5th: Caricature depicting Jews threatening
Europe, causing economic crisis in 1930s.
 6th: Malevolent caricature even appeared on the children’s books.

Reasons for the Holocaust
 It’s fundamentally based on Anti-Semitism (hostility toward the difference in religion & Jews taking over the money lending business)
 Economic: Nazis confiscated property of Jews and sent it into the Treasury of the State to recover from economic crisis.
http://kin.naver.com/db/detail.php?d1id=6&dir_id=607&eid=tm88ihPRoudfNh2JLYVlFZQf5hW4PHLj&ts=1129990030

Reasons for the Holocaust

Nazis developed the military employing SA&SS, buying war supplies, conscripting the army through property confiscated from Jews.

using hatred of Jews, induced dissatisfaction of German society to it of Jews, justified the dictatorship of Hitler, evoked the pride of racial identity .

The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy
 1933-34: Boycott of Jewish stores & the Jews are not allowed to work as: civil servants, professors, journalists, artists
 1930's: Physical attacks on Jewish property and people
 1935-39: Jewish property is confiscated, Jews had to emigrate from
Germany
 1939-40: Ghettos are established in Poland
 1941: The first organized mass murders (by shooting)& the first gassings
(using gassing trucks), Gas chambers and crematoria under construction
 1942: Extermination camps are established and Jews are deported there.
 http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp#Nazisterne%20og%20antisemitisme.asp

1 2

3 http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/ h-boycott.htm
 http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/n_maps.htm
 http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/ holocaust.htm

 1st: Nazis’ racism in Jews was soon accepted by many Germans.
 2nd: Nazi storm troopers block the entrance to a Jewish-owned store.
 3rd: Adolf Hitler salutes SS troops on parade while SS Leader Himmler watches.

 http://www.brown.edu/Cou rses/HI0135/Documents/N azigenmaps.htm
The Ghettos
1 2
 http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/ holocaust.htm
3
 http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/gen ocide/holocaust.htm

The Ghettos
 1st: map of Jewish Ghettos in Europe.
 2nd: Jews in Vienna forced to scrub sidewalks.
 3rd: Jewish children in the Lodz Ghetto on their way toward the Chelmno
Extermination Camp.

Camps

(1933-1945) imprisoned people in camps because of their “otherness” or in order to use them for forced labor; many purposes

(1941-1945) were constructed with one purpose: to mass murder Jews and others
(six extermination camps , 3 million Jews were killed)
» Combined camps: Auschwitz-Birkenau
 http://www.holocaust-education.dk/lejre
/

1 http:// www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust
/

2
 http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/eur78940.htm

3
5
4

 http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-dach-early.htm
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-warsaw.htm

6 7 http://www.holocaust-education.dk/lejre/udryddelseslejre.asp
8 http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-einz-
42.htm
http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/resource/gallery/Camp
Misc.htm

Camps
 1st: map of concentration and extermination camps
 2nd: map of deportations to extermination camps in occupied Poland;
Jews from Germany& German-occupied
Europe were deported.

Camps
 3rd: A prisoner in Dachau wearing a triangle patch identification on his chest.
 4th: A chart of prisoner triangle identification markings used in Nazi concentration camps for guards to easily see which type of prisoner was.
 5th: Jewish families arrested in Warsaw Ghetto to be gassed at Treblinka extermination camp.

Camps
 6th: The last Jew left alive at Vinica, Ukraine is about to be shot by SS man, as he kneels on the edge of a mass grave.
 7th: Bodies are burned in Auschwitz in the summer of 1944.
 8th: Crematory.

 functioned as a concentration camp & became the largest killing center
 more than 1 million Jews were gassed to death

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/hausch-air.htm
1 http://www.holocaust.com.au/mm/c_flowchart.htm
3
2

 1st: Aerial view of Auschwitz-Birkenau taken by the U.S. Army
 2nd: Aerial view of Birkenau extermination camp

 3rd:
When the victims arrived to the extermination camps in overcrowded trains, men are separated from women (among survivors); the first to be gassed were the men. The SS chose those able to work, while those unable to work were sent to the gas chambers or shot. Their belongings& valuables were handed over before death or those still alive searched the bodies for after death.

Liberation & Beyond http://www.holocaust.com.au/lb/dm_deathtoll.htm
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-poss.htm

Liberation & Beyond
 1st: map of the number of Jews murdered in Nazi-dominated Europe between 1939-
1945.
 2nd: An enormous pile of clothing taken from children who were gassed at
Auschwitz.

Liberation & Beyond
 3rd: Bales of hair shaven from women at
Auschwitz, used to make felt-yarn.
 4th: A stash of gold wedding rings taken from victims at Buchenwald.

 http://www.historyplace.com
 http://www.holocaust.com.au
 http://www.holocaust-education.dk
 http://www.ushmm.org
 http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/Nazi genmaps.htm
 www.auschwitz.dk
 http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/games/nazi_genocide_timel ine/noflash.shtml
 http://kin.naver.com/db/detail.php?d1id=6&dir_id=607&e id=tm88ihPRoudfNh2JLYVlFZQf5hW4PHLj&ts=1129990030