What do the following have in
common??
What does this scuba diver eat to
provide energy on a big dive?
•
•
•
•
Meat?
Bread?
Fruit?
Butter?
• Do you know what these foods do?
Carbohydrates
Your questions for carbohydrates:
(set up cornell notes to help you study!)
1. Why are carbohydrates considered organic?
2. What are the 3 main structures of
carbohydrates?
3. What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
4. What are the 3 main functions of
carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates and Diabetes?
• How do carbohydrates play into your diet?
• What do people with diabetes have to watch
out for?
• Is being diabetic weird?
• Halle Berry
What are carbohydrates??
•
•
They come from plants!!!
1. They are organic molecules (made of
carbon)
Structure of Carbohydrates
Repeating units to make long chains
• One unit= monomer
• Long chains= polymers
Structure of Carbohydrates
Repeating units to make long chains
Structure of Carbohydrates
Repeating units to make long chains
mono- (one)
di- (two)
poly-(many)
2. Structure of Carbohydrates
Another name for a carbohydrate is
saccharide
mono + saccharide = monosaccharide
(one sugar)
di + saccharide = disaccharide
(two sugars)
poly + saccharide = polysaccharide
(many sugars)
Structure of Carbohydrates
3. Building Block = monosaccharide
monosaccharide
monosaccharide
monosaccharide
monosaccharide
monosaccharide
monosaccharide
4. Uses of Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates have 3
functions
4. Functions of Carbohydrates
1. Supplies Energy
– Gives immediate energy
– Short term energy storage
Function of Carbohydrates
2. Supplies Dietary Fiber
–
Fiber = the parts of plants your body can't digest
–
Good sources of fiber are fruits, vegetables, wholegrains, and beans
Function of Carbohydrates
3. Provides structure in plants
– Cellulose (gives plants a shape!)
– Makes up cell walls
Carbohydrates Recap
1.
Are they organic or inorganice?
1.
2.
Organic molecule-Contain Carbon!
What is the structure of carbohydrates?
2.
Building Blocks = Monosaccharides that build disacharides!
3. What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
3. Monosacharides!!
4. What are the functions of carbohydrates?
1. Supplies energy
2. Supplies dietary fiber
3. Provides structure in plant cells
cellulose)
(cell wall, and
For each cereal:
1. Total Carbohydrate:
2. Dietary Fiber:
3. Sugars:
Carbohydrate Mini Lab!
• We are going to use a special chemical to figure out if foods are made
of simple sugars (monosaccharides) or starches (polysaccharides)
Use your notes to fill out the pre lab questions.
• Iodine is usually a orange/red color.
• In the presence of a starch (polysaccharide) it turns blue black.
Monosaccharide (1 sugar)
OR
Disaccharide (2 sugars)
So what color will a simple sugar
be? (mono or disaccharide)
Polysaccharide (Many sugars)
So what color will a starch be?
Extra Slides Below
Structure of Carbohydrates
All carbohydrates:
• C-H-O (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)
• Ratio of 1:2:1
• Examples: sugars and starches
Glucose = C6H12O6
Structure of Carbohydrates
Repeating units to make long chains
• Like a train
• Like legos
Students will identify the building blocks of macromolecules in order to classify
common foods as either simple sugars or starches using iodine as an indicator.
1. Where would you find carbohydrates,
protein, and lipids all discussed in the same
place?
2. Which of the following supplies the body
with immediate energy?
A. Protein
B. Fats (lipids)
C. Carbohydrate
D. DNA