SOURCES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONFLICTS
Prof.dr. Andjelka MIHAJLOV
anmi@eunet.yu
SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS
ENVIRONMENT
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT eq.
SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
ENVIRONMENT
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Air
Water
Soil
Biota
• Sustainable use of
natural resources
(mandatory)
….
• With sub circles:
SECURITY
– National security / defense
/ country internal conflicts
– Foreign policy / politics /
peace keeping
– Democracy
– Human security /
humanitarian actions
– Global environmental
stability (proper
management /
mismanagement)
and…..ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY and SOURCES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL COMFLICTS
NATIONAL SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
Foreign policy / POLITICS
Environmental stability
HUMAN SECURITY
DEMOCRACY
The main environmental conflict
causes
• Interdependence of different subsystems
of environmental security
• Scarce natural resources
• Goal incapability
• Communication / data failures, individual
differences, poorly designed reward
system and not proper understanding of
issues
and new perspective
• Political allies are not always environmental
allies
• Political stability is influencing environmental
management / mismanagement and vise versa
• Environmental conflicts are having some
characteristics of terrorism (for example, not
knowing who is the enemy, and what are conflict
targets)
• Environmental security is politically neutral
issue? Specially in countries with economy in
transition?
and view
• It is continuous need to support
environmental security in SEE / Western
Balkan countries as the tool for prevention
on further possible conflicts and
instrument for long-term conflicts solutions
• Environmental security is challenge
Four steps guide to managing
environmental conflict
• Make the environmental conflict visible
» How?
• Identify common environmental and
security goals
• Clarify, sort and value differences
• Gain commitment to change
Choose in resolving
environmental conflicts…..
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Avoidance (not addressing the conflict, environmental diplomacy,…)
Accepting the other party’s / sector view
Win with power a conflict
Do the compromise, each party gives up, lose/lose
Collaboration / win/win- views of all parties / sectors included in solution
ENVIRONMENT
DEMOKRACY
ECONOMIC
STABILITY
ENVIRONMENTAL
STABILITY
HUMAN SECURITY
NATIONAL SECURITY POLITICS