THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
People & Discoveries
ROUND 1
1.) Discourse on Method (1637)
Rene Descartes – rationalism
2.) Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Principia,
1687) Isaac Newton – gravity, physics
3.) Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy
Margaret Cavendish – natural philosophy
4.) On the Revolutions of Celestial Bodies (On the Revolutions of the
Heavenly Bodies, 1543) Nicolaus Copernicus – heliocentric
5.) The Starry Messenger (1610)
Galileo Galilei – astronomy
6.) On the Fabric of the Human Body (1543)
Andreas Vesalius – body
7.) On the Motion of the Heart and Blood (1628)
William Harvey – blood
ROUND 2
1.) Developed the Universal Law of Gravitation (…how objects on
the earth move – aka gravity). Newton – Gravity, physics
2.) English philosopher who developed the systematic
approach to scientific problems known as the Scientific
Method. Bacon – observation, hypothesis, experiment, analyze
3.) French philosopher who stated, “I think, therefore I am”
and developed ideas on MODERN RATIONALISM.
Descartes – focus on REASON
4.) Proposed the Heliocentric theory – the idea that the sun
is the center of the universe (…what the universe looks like).
Copernicus – kicked off the Scientific Revolution
5.) Natural philosopher who was critical of the popular idea
that humans were the masters of natural occurrences.
Cavendish – natural philosophy
ROUND 3
1.) English scientist who defined the laws of universal motion
– Gravity; every object is attracted to
that govern objects on earth. Newton
another
2.) German astronomer who became the first female to
discover a comet (but didn’t get credit for it!). Winkelmann – astronomy
3.) Italian mathematician who developed the first modern
telescope and used it to study the “heavenly bodies.”
Galilei – “what are planets made of?” vs. the Church
4.) Medical scientist who accurately described the general
structure of the HUMAN BODY and INDIVIDUAL ORGANS.
Harvey – blood
5.) Showed that the planets’ orbit around the sun was not
circular, but ELLIPTICAL. Kepler – Explanation of planetary motion
ROUND 4
1.) Developed the “world-machine” concept that dominated
the modern worldview until the 20th century.
Newton – world was regulated and uniform machine that functioned based on natural laws
2.) Discovered a mountainous terrain on Earth’s moon and
four moons revolving around Jupiter. Galilei – …using the telescope
3.) Discovered imperfections on the sun – known as
“sunspots” (…GASP! The universe is NOT perfectly constructed!)
Galilei – …using the telescope
4.) German mathematician who used astronomical data to
develop ideas on planetary motion.
Kepler – "The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci."
ROUND 5
1.) Medical scientist who first proved that the heart was the
beginning point for circulation of blood. Harvey – blood… Not the liver!
2.) Proposed the idea that the EARTH spins on its own axis.
Kepler – Laws of Planetary Motion; elliptical
3.) Ran into trouble with the Roman Catholic Church for
proposing ideas contradictory to the church’s doctrine.
Galilei – House arrest for contradicting the Church