EDN 203
APA Basics:
Citations & Beyond
The “Elements” of a Citation
► Authors
(4.08; 224)
► Publication date (4.09; 224)
► Title of article or item (4.10; 226)
► Publication source/information (4.11; 227)
► Retrieval & use of electronic resources
(4.15; 231)
Author Element
► Print
or Electronic Sources
► Purdue’s OWL
 http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560
/06/
► Randall
Library
 http://library.uncw.edu/web/research/citation/a
pa.html
► In-text
citations
 http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560
/03/
Publication Date Element
► Basic
►
►
►
►
►
►
Rules : Time & availability make a difference
(Year).
(Year, Month).
 When the source reflects:
 meetings; monthly magazines; newsletters; newspapers
(Year, Month day#).
 When the source reflects:
 Dailies; weeklies
(in press).
 Any resources accepted for publication but not yet available
(n.d.).
 Any resources with not available date/s
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/07/
Title Element
Pemberton, J. M., & Lounsbury, J. W. (2004). Mood
management across affective states. Journal of
Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 1034-1048.
► . . . Mood management across affective states:
Watson’s Hedonic Contingency Hypothesis. Journal
of Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 1034-1048.
► Pemberton, J. G., & Petty, R. E. (2005). Flexible
correction processes in social judgment: Do
Nelson’s theories of corrections for perceived bias
make a difference. Journal of Personality & Social
Psychology, 68, 36-51.
►
Publication Source Element
► Print
resources
► Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C.
(Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical,
volume number(issue number), pages.
►…
Journal of Comparative and Physiological
Psychology, 55, 893-896.
► … Educational Psychology Journal, 15(4), 513.
Publication Source Element
► Electronic
resources
► Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C.
C. (Year). Title of article. Title of
Periodical, volume number(issue
number), pages.
► … AERJ, 85(2), 5-13.
► What’s added?
 Retrieval information: Date & Location
Electronic Resources
Owl Purdue Electronic Sources
► http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/1
0/
UW-Madison Writing Center
► http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/DocAPARe
ferences_Elec.html
UNCW Writing Center (p.14-16)
► http://uncw.edu/stuaff/uls/documents/APAStyleGu
ide-RevisedSP08.pdf
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Online
Periodical
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of
publication). Title of article. Title of Online
Periodical, volume number(issue number if
available). Retrieved month day, year, (if
necessary) from
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
 … A List Apart: For People Who Make
Websites, 149. Retrieved May 2, 2006, from
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Article
From Online Database
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication).
Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number
(issue number). Retrieved month day, year, from
specificTITLE database.
 … Journal of Abnormal Eating, 8(3). Retrieved
February 20, 2003, from PsycARTICLES
database.
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Newspaper
Article Online
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article.
Title of Newspaper. Retrieved month day, year,
from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
Parker-Pope, T. (2008, May 6). Psychiatry
handbook linked to drug industry. The New York
Times. Retrieved May 7, 2008 from
http://www.nytimes.com
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Internet
Source
Articles based on (identical to) Print
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C.
(Year). Title of article [Electronic Version]. Title
of Periodical, volume number (issue number),
pages.
VandenBos, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001). Role
of reference elements in the selection of
resources by psychology undergraduates
[Electronic version]. Journal of Bibliographic
Research, 5(4), 7-23.
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Online
Interviews
 If the interview is not available in an audio or
print form, cite the interview only in the text.
(Include month, day, and year in text as well)
 If the interview is available in audio/print do as
follows:
►Butler,
C. (Interviewer) & Stevenson, R.
(Interviewee). (1999). Oral History 2 [Interview
transcript]. Retrieved from Johnson Space
Center Oral Histories Project Web
site:http://www11.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histo
ries/oral_histories.htm
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Multipage
Document Created by Private
Organization
Organization Name. (Date). Title of document. Retrieved
Month day, year, from
http://www.someaddress.org/full/url
Greater New Milford (Ct) Area Healthy Community 2000,
Task Force on Teen and Adolescent Isues. (n.d.). Who
has time for a family meal? You do! Retrieved October
5, 2000, from http://www.familymealtime.org
► Note:
Use n.d. (no date) when a publication date is not
available
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Stand-alone
Document
Author, A. A., Author B. B., Author C. C. (Date).
Title of document. Retrieved Month day, year,
from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url
GVU’s 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved
August 8, 2000, from
http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/user_surveys/su
rvey-1997-10/
►If
there is no identified author of the document,
begin with the title of the document.
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Report
From Private Organization, Available on
Organization Web Site
Organization name. (Year). Title of report/document.
Retrieved Month day, year, from
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url
Canarie, Inc. (1997, September 27). Towards a Canadian
health IWAY: Vision, opportunities and future steps.
Retrieved November 8, 2000, from
http://www.canarie.ca/press/publications/pdf/health/he
althvision.doc
Electronic/Non-Print Resources
► Wiki
pages (Note: APA Style Guide warns that
wikis (like Wikipedia, for example) are
collaborative projects and cannot guarantee
verifiability of entries.
Title of document/page. (Date). Retrieved Month day,
year, from the Name Of Wiki:
http://wiki.someaddress.com/full/url
OLPC Peru/Arahuay. (n.d.). Retrieved May 1, 2008, from
the OLPC Wiki: http://wiki.laptop.
org/go/OLPC_Peru/Arahuay
Electronic/Non-Print Sources
► Electronic
Database)
Copy of Abstract (from Online
► If
you cite an abstract but the full text of the article is also
available, cite the abstract as you would the article and add
[Abstract] to the end of the title. If the abstract is the only
thing available, write “Abstract retrieved from…” and provide
the Database name or URL
Paterson, P. (2008). How well do young offenders with
Asperger Syndrome cope in custody?: Two prison case
studies [Abstract]. British Journal of Learning
Disabilities, 36(1), 54-58. Retrieved from EBSCO Host
database.
Bossong, G. (2009). Ergativity in Basque. Linguistics,
22(3), 341-392. Abstract retrieved from Linguistics
Abstracts Online.