Cells….
What are they???
Where are they???
Cell Drawings
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Blue book pg. 391
In your journal draw AND color a picture of each
type of cell.
Label only the following parts:
Plant cell
Animal cell
RER*
Ribosome*
Cell Membrane*
Cell wall
Golgi bodies*
Lysosome*
Mitochondrion*
Nucleolus*
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Nucleus*
* Indicates a part of both cells
therefore should be on both drawings
Cell Theory
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All organisms are made of one or more
cells
The cell is the basic unit of all living
things
All cells come from existing cells
Levels of organization
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Cell
~ smallest unit of life able to perform life
functions…smallest part of anything living!
Tissue
~ a group of cells doing the same job.
Organ
~ a group of tissues doing the same job.
cell>tissue>organ>organ system>organism
Types of cells
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Prokaryotic Cell: (1st Major Kind of Cell)
Cells that DO NOT have a defined nucleus.
Example – Bacteria
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Eukaryotic Cell: (2nd Major Kind of Cell)
Cells that have a defined nucleus.
Example – Plant and Animal Cells
Silly trick: (Eu (you) carry a nucleus (so do plants)
Eukaryotic Cells usually are 10 times larger than Prokaryote cells.
Plant cell vs. Animal cell
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In general, a plant cell has a
rectangular shape while an animal cell
has no definite shape.
Plant cells have chloroplast and cell
wall….animal cells do not!
Plant cells have one large
vacuole….animal cells have several
small ones!
Plant vs. animal
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Which type of cell is this? How do you
know???
Plant Cell
Animal cell
Organelle
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Tiny “organs” or structures (PARTS)
inside of a cell .
Each has a specific job in a cell.
Like Organs are in your body…
Organelles are in a cell
Cytoplasm
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The gel-like material inside of the cell
membrane.
Keeps organelles in place
Supports and protects cell organelles
Like jello holds fruit in place…cytoplasm holds organelles in place
Mitochondria
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Releases energy in the cell.
(The powerhouse of the cell)
Site of cellular respiration
Chloroplast
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Site of photosynthesis
(where the plant makes its food)
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Organelle that produces chlorophyll.
( The chemical of photosynthesis) to
power the plant cell.
Only found in PLANT cells.
Like a kitchen in a house.
Chlorophyll
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Green pigment inside the chloroplast.
Traps the radiant energy, which is then
used by the plant cell to make sugar
for energy.
Chloroplast (organelle)
Silly trick:
chlorophyll FILLS the chloroplast
Chlorophyll
(inside the organelle)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
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Carries ribosomes
Smooth w/o ribosomes
Rough with embedded ribosomes
Like a highway in a city
Vacuole
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Storage site for water, waste, and
food.
Plant cells have a single, large vacuole
Animal cells have small vacuoles
Like a cabinet in a class room
Cell membrane
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Controls what goes in and out of a cell
It keeps some things out and lets
some thing in.
Maintains homeostasis (balance)
Cell wall (outside)
Cell membrane (inside)
Like a classroom door
Cell wall
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Found only in PLANT cells
Gives support and protection to the
cell
Made of cellulose
Like the walls of a classroom
Nucleus
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Contols the activity in
the cell.
Contains chromosomes
and the nucleolus.
Like the brain…
Ribosome
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makes protein for the cell
Travel on the ER
Made in the nucleolus
All the little dot things
are ribosomes on the ER
Chromosome
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Found in nucleus
Called the blueprints for the cell
Contains genetic information
(DNA) for the cell
Set number per species
(i.e. 23 pairs for human)
Like the blueprints of a building..
Golgi bodies
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Stacks of sacs that package and
ship proteins around in the cell.
Like a UPS truck
Lysosome
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Organelle that breaks down
and eats worn out cell
parts….gets rid of waste in
the cell
It contains digestive
enzymes.
Like a janitor in a school