Chapter 1 THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVE Changing the Face of Business Chapter 1 Today’s Economic Environment Information MIS People Roles and Goals of IT Information Technology 1 What is a system? 2 What is an Information System? A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective. Control of System Performance Input of Data Resources Processing Data Storage of Data Resources Output of Information Products 3 Management information systems (MIS) Deals with the __________ for, __________, management, and use of information technology tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management. 4 Introduction Today we live in an Information age Where knowledge is power to gain and sustain a competitive advantage. Once you finish your program, you will enter the marketplace as a knowledge worker. Knowledge worker works with and produces __________. A knowledge worker outnumbers all other types of workers by a 4-to-1 margin. 5 Introduction Continued MIS is important , Because it deals with the coordination and use of 3 important organizational resources: Information Information Technology __________ 6 "From Brazil to Russia and yes, even to China, manufacturing jobs are disappearing around the globe". 22 million jobs cut in manufacturing sector, a decline of 11 percent "gains in technology and competitive pressure have forced factories to become more efficient, boosting output with far fewer workers", 7 Chapter 1 Today’s Economic Environment Information MIS People Roles and Goals of IT Information Technology For a business to be successful today, it has to understand and operate in dynamic, fast-paced and changing economic environment. What does today’s economic environment entail? The E.Conomy The “Now” Economy The Global Economy The Arriving Digital Economy 8 Today’s Economic Environment The E.conomy E-commerce - commerce accelerated and enhanced by information technology, in particular the Internet. Telecommuting - the use of communications technologies (such as the Internet) to work in a place other than a central location. Virtual workplace - a technology-enabled workplace with no walls and no boundaries. One can work anytime, anyplace, linked to other people and information, wherever they are. 9 The E.conomy 10 The “Now” Economy Characterized by the __________ customers have to the ordering of products and services. M-commerce – electronic commerce conducted over a wireless device such as a cell phone or personal digital assistant. Case study 11 Wagamama Benefits 12 Today’s Economic Environment The Global Economy Global economy – one in which customers, businesses, suppliers, distributors, and manufacturers all operate without regard to physical and geographical boundaries. Transnational firms – produce and sell products and services in countries all over the world. 13 Today’s Economic Environment The Global Economy Figure 1.2 2000 Total Import and Export Figures, 1998 to (millions of Canadian dollars) page 9 14 Today’s Economic Environment The Arriving Digital Economy Digital economy – marked by the electronic movement of all types of information including physiological information such as: Voice recognition Speech synthesization Biometrics Holograms 15 Information as a Key Resource Chapter 1 Today’s Economic Environment Information MIS People Roles and Goals of IT Information Technology Information is one of the three components of MIS. Information leads to knowledge and knowledge is power. Knowledge comes from having timely access to information and knowing what to do with it. 16 MIS Information People Information Technology There are three aspects to information: 1. 2. 3. Data V.S. Information. Personal dimensions of information. Organization’s dimensions of information. 17 Data versus Information Data and Information 18 MIS Information People Information Technology Personal Dimensions of Information Figure 1.3 Personal Dimensions of Information page 10 19 MIS Organizational Dimensions of Information Information People Information Technology Information flows Information granularity and What information describes. 20 MIS Organizational Dimensions of Information Granularity Information People Information Technology Information granularity – refers to the extent of __________ within the information. 21 Organizational Dimensions of Information Information MIS People Information Technology What information describes What the information describes can include: Internal information – specific operational aspects of External information – the environment surrounding Objective information – something that is Subjective information – something that is the organization. the organization. __________. __________. 22 People as a Key Resource Chapter 1 Today’s Economic Environment Information People 1. Set goals 2. Carry out tasks 3. Make decisions 4. Serve customer 5. Provide a stable and reliable technology environment. MIS Roles and Goals of IT People Information Technology When it comes to you (the people) there are two important issues to be aware of: 1. Information and technology literacy. 2. You ethical responsibilities. 23 MIS Information People Information Technology Information and Technology Literacy A Technology-literate knowledge worker knows how and when to apply technology. HOW is knowing what technology to buy and how to exploit it benefits. When is knowing the right time to apply technology. 24 MIS Information People Information Technology Information and Technology Literacy Information-literate knowledge workers: Define what information they need. Know how and where to obtain information. Understand the information. Act appropriately based on the information to help the organization achieve the greatest advantage. 25 MIS Information People Information Technology Your Ethical Responsibilities Ethics – the principals and standards that Ethics are different from laws as they are a matter of personal interpretation. Ethics have a right and wrong outcome according to different people. guide our behavior toward other people. 26 MIS Information People Information Technology Which ones are ethical / legal or not? Consider: Copying software you purchased, making copies for your friends and charging them for the copies. . Making extra backup copies. Giving out the phone numbers of your friends and relatives without their permission to a provider of some sort. 27 MIS Information People Information Technology Your Ethical Responsibilities Electronic Mail or Expensive Mail? (p. 17) 28 IT as a Key Resource Chapter 1 Today’s Economic Environment Information MIS Roles and Goals of IT People Information Technology Information Technology is any computerbased tool that people use to work with information and __________ the information and information processing needs of an organization. 29 MIS Information People Information Technology There are two basic categories of technology: Hardware – physical devices that make up a computer. Software – set of instructions that the hardware executes to carry out a specific task. 30 MIS Information People Information Technology Decentralized Computing and Shared Information Shared Information 31 Roles and Goals of Information Technology Chapter 1 Today’s Economic Environment MIS Information People Roles and Goals of IT Information Technology Roles and Goals of IT relates to the reasons you wish to buy, create, implement, use, and integrate IT into your business strategy. 32 Roles and Goals of Information Technology 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Roles and Goals of IT See figure 1.8 Increase employee productivity Enhance __________ making Improve team collaboration Create business partnerships and alliances Enable __________ reach Facilitate organizational transformation 33 6 - Facilitate Organizational Transformation 34 Read the case study on p. 3 - Information Technology at Ritz-Carlton Hotels Helps Staff Deliver Excellent Service Quality. How many of the roles and goals of technology has the Ritz-Carlton accomplished? How have they accomplished them? 35