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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Effective Informative Speaking
• The Goals of an Informative Speech
• Scoping Your Speech
• Tailor Complexity to Your Audience
• Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic
• Make Connections
• Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience
• Make It Memorable
• Utilizing Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
The Goals of an Informative Speech
• One of the goals of an informative speech is to enhance the understanding of the
audience.
• Another goal of an informative speech is to maintain the interest of the audience.
• A final goal of an informative speech is for the audience to remember the speech.
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Scoping Your Speech
• Every piece of information in a speech should relate to the speech topic, purpose,
and thesis simultaneously.
• Audiences have a hard time following or understanding speeches that are too
broad in scope (that is, speeches that include too much irrelevant or tangential
information).
• By keeping all of the information relevant as he or she develops your speech, the
speaker's job becomes easier by keeping all supporting information on point.
Scope Out a Specific Target
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Tailor Complexity to Your Audience
• Consider the audience that will be hearing your speech.
• Tailoring the complexity of the speech to your audience means considering how
best they receive information.
• Considering how much information your audience already knows should help you
tailor the complexity of your speech.
An audience listens to a speech at a conference
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic
• You can make a topic relevant by choosing a timely topic.
• Another way to make a topic relevant is to tell the audience why they should care
about the particular subject of your speech.
• Making a topic relevant for your audience increases the likelihood that they will
remember the information contained in your speech.
Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech
in 1912.
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Make Connections
• Make connections among your ideas so you can connect the ideas into
meaningful groups for your main points.
• Make connections between your interests and the audience interests to motivate
attention during your speech.
• Make connections with transitions to show relationships and join ideas together.
• Make connections with signpost transitions to help the audience organize ideas
by numbering the main points, such as first, second, etc.
• Make connections by using previews before main points and use internal
summaries to connect one idea to what is coming next.
A switchboard staff making connections in 1979
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience
• The ability to simplify experiences with a word makes it easier to communicate,
but it also makes us lose the connection to the specific meaning that we want to
convey through the abstract wording.
• When you want the audience to make a concrete connection to their direct
experience, remember to come down to earth on the the abstraction ladder. You
can move up the ladder again to talk about boarder concepts.
• Your objective when choosing words is not to avoid abstract general words
altogether, but rather to avoid using them when your audience needs more
specific,concrete connections to what you are saying.
Ladder
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Make It Memorable
• Use visual aids to help make your speech memorable.
• Repeat key points of your speech to make it more memorable.
• Making your speech memorable is important because it increases the likelihood
that the audience will walk away informed.
An audience clapping at a conference
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Utilizing Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding
• Visual aids such as graphs, handouts, slide show presentations, and objects can
help audiences understand complicated subjects. Many people learn visually and
need information provided in this context, as well as orally, to enhance learning.
• A podium can help the presenter provide the audience with necessary information
on a topic by offering a place for the speaker to have cue cards or scripts.
• A microphone is a good way to make sure that everyone in the audience hears
the presentation properly. Wireless headsets allow the speaker to amplify the
presentation while moving about the audience or reviewing visual aids.
• A video screen is a good way to make sure the audience can see the entire
presentation in a large venue.
Visual Aid
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Appendix
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Informative Speaking
Key terms
• abstraction The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities.
• complexity The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.
• connection The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of understanding and ease of communication
between two or more people.
• goal A result that one is attempting to achieve.
• inform To communicate knowledge to others.
• memorable Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.
• podium A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra, preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.
• relevant Not out of date; current.
• scope The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant.
• signpost A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such
as "first" and "finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as "now remember this."
• transitions Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how adjacent parts of a communication are connected.
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Informative Speaking
An audience clapping at a conference
Making your informative speech memorable increases the likelihood that your audience will retain its information.
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Wikimedia. "Conference clapping." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conference_clapping.jpg View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
Scope Out a Specific Target
Every piece of information in a speech should be relevant to the topic, purpose and thesis. If it's only a tangent, it doesn't belong in the speech.
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Wikimedia. "Aims.." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aims..JPG View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
A switchboard staff making connections in 1979
In your speech, you should make connections between pieces of information for your audience.
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Wikimedia. "Switchboard Staff, 1979." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Switchboard_Staff,_1979.jpg View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
An audience listens to a speech at a conference
Tailor the complexity of your speech to the specific audience you will be delivering it to.
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Wikimedia. "MobileHCI 2008 Audience." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MobileHCI_2008_Audience.jpg View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech in 1912.
Teddy Roosevelt was a great speaker
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Wikimedia. "Roosevelt on the Stump, 1912." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roosevelt_on_the_Stump,_1912.JPG View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
Visual Aid
These speakers at the re:publica XI visual language conference are showcasing their designs using a large-screen digital projector.
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Flickr. "All sizes | Chawachawa auf der re:publica 2011 | Flickr - Photo Sharing!." CC BY http://www.flickr.com/photos/republica/5618191851/sizes/z/in/photostream/ View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
Ladder
Think of abstraction as a ladder: the most specific, direct experiences are at the bottom and each step above is more abstract.
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Wikimedia. "Pommon-leiter2." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%253APommon-leiter2.jpg View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
To make sure the information in a speech is remembered by the
audience, the speaker should
A) use careful organization.
B) All of these answers.
C) use specific repetition of key words or phrases.
D) use focused visualizations.
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Informative Speaking
To make sure the information in a speech is remembered by the
audience, the speaker should
A) use careful organization.
B) All of these answers.
C) use specific repetition of key words or phrases.
D) use focused visualizations.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
An informative speech should have a narrow and specific scope
because
A) evidence and supporting arguments should be related tangentially.
B) it challenges the audience to retain a lot of information; audiences
appreciate being challenged.
C) it benefits the speaker by making his/her statements more credible to
the audience.
D) when the audience is left wondering what the speaker wanted to
communicate, it fosters discussion.
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Informative Speaking
An informative speech should have a narrow and specific scope
because
A) evidence and supporting arguments should be related tangentially.
B) it challenges the audience to retain a lot of information; audiences
appreciate being challenged.
C) it benefits the speaker by making his/her statements more credible to
the audience.
D) when the audience is left wondering what the speaker wanted to
communicate, it fosters discussion.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
You are planning a speech about social networking including a
detailed discussion of code and new programming languages.
Which audience is this speech best suited to?
A) College students
B) High school students in an accelerated program
C) Software engineers
D) Market researchers
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Informative Speaking
You are planning a speech about social networking including a
detailed discussion of code and new programming languages.
Which audience is this speech best suited to?
A) College students
B) High school students in an accelerated program
C) Software engineers
D) Market researchers
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Which of the following would be a good speech topic for a mixed
audience of today?
A) 19th Century English literature
B) Hairstyles of the 1980s
C) How new touch screen technology can benefit Alzheimer's patients
D) How the Pony Express revolutionized communication in America
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following would be a good speech topic for a mixed
audience of today?
A) 19th Century English literature
B) Hairstyles of the 1980s
C) How new touch screen technology can benefit Alzheimer's patients
D) How the Pony Express revolutionized communication in America
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Which of the following is an example of how to connect your topic
to audience interests?
A) Express your own excitement about the topic to help the audience
connect.
B) Group similar ideas together and connect them to the main points in
your speech.
C) Use words that give the speech greater cohesion by making it more
explicit.
D) Give introductory previews of what you will say, in addition to
summaries of what you just said.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following is an example of how to connect your topic
to audience interests?
A) Express your own excitement about the topic to help the audience
connect.
B) Group similar ideas together and connect them to the main points in
your speech.
C) Use words that give the speech greater cohesion by making it more
explicit.
D) Give introductory previews of what you will say, in addition to
summaries of what you just said.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Which of the following best describes the process of abstraction?
A) Find a similar quality of a group of objects, name it, and use the name
to stand for the quality in other objects.
B) Create a ladder with the most general word at the top and the most
specific word at the bottom.
C) Use the most specific examples possible for each situation.
D) Speak using scientific terminology with specialized words when it is
appropriate for your audience.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following best describes the process of abstraction?
A) Find a similar quality of a group of objects, name it, and use the name
to stand for the quality in other objects.
B) Create a ladder with the most general word at the top and the most
specific word at the bottom.
C) Use the most specific examples possible for each situation.
D) Speak using scientific terminology with specialized words when it is
appropriate for your audience.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
In the example below, which word is concrete and specific?"The
residence contains a number of mammals, including a young
mammal and a _______ cat."
A) young
B) residence
C) mammal
D) gray
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Informative Speaking
In the example below, which word is concrete and specific?"The
residence contains a number of mammals, including a young
mammal and a _______ cat."
A) young
B) residence
C) mammal
D) gray
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Which of the following are three techniques for making your
speech more memorable?
A) Inform the audience, use amplification, and hold a question and
answer session.
B) Use technology, relate to your audience, and pass around a handout
at the beginning of your speech.
C) Repeat key phrases, use visual aids, and let yourself be engaged in
your material.
D) Tell the audience there will be a quiz at the end, be creative, and let
your speech be mysterious.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following are three techniques for making your
speech more memorable?
A) Inform the audience, use amplification, and hold a question and
answer session.
B) Use technology, relate to your audience, and pass around a handout
at the beginning of your speech.
C) Repeat key phrases, use visual aids, and let yourself be engaged in
your material.
D) Tell the audience there will be a quiz at the end, be creative, and let
your speech be mysterious.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Why is a podium helpful to the audience?
A) It helps the audience understand complicated topics with models or
graphs.
B) It allows the audience to hear the speaker properly.
C) It is helpful to audience members seated far away from the speaker in
a large venue.
D) It allows the speaker to have notes to answer audience questions.
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Informative Speaking
Why is a podium helpful to the audience?
A) It helps the audience understand complicated topics with models or
graphs.
B) It allows the audience to hear the speaker properly.
C) It is helpful to audience members seated far away from the speaker in
a large venue.
D) It allows the speaker to have notes to answer audience questions.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Attribution
• Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//communications/definition/scope--2
• Wikipedia. "Prewriting." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prewriting#Narrowing_the_topic
• Wikipedia. "Individual events (speech)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_events_(speech)#Informative
• Wiktionary. "relevant." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/relevant
• Wikispaces. "Burns-Speech - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
• Wiktionary. "complexity." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/complexity
• Wikispaces. "JTEnglish - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://jtenglish.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking
• Wikispaces. "BrookfieldHS-LMC - Public Speaking Informative Speech." CC BY-SA http://brookfieldhslmc.wikispaces.com/Public+Speaking+Informative++Speech
• Wiktionary. "inform." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inform
• Wiktionary. "goal." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/goal
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
• Wiktionary. "memorable." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/memorable
• Wikispaces. "JTEnglish - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://jtenglish.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking
• Wikibooks. "Rhetoric and Composition/Punctuation." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Rhetoric_and_Composition/Punctuation
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
• Wikipedia. "Transition (linguistics)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_(linguistics)
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Informative Speaking
• Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//communications/definition/signpost
• Wikipedia. "transitions." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transitions
• Wiktionary. "connection." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/connection
• Wikipedia. "Visual aid." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_aid#Visual_Aids
• Wiktionary. "podium." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/podium
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
• Wikibooks. "Professional and Technical Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professional_and_Technical_Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style#Selecting_Words
• Wiktionary. "abstraction." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstraction
• Internet Archive. Public domain
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
• Internet Archive. Public domain
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
• Internet Archive. Public domain
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
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