Responsible
Business
Link the keywords to
the images !
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Quality
Luxury
Comfort
Speed
Design
Power
Prestige
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Image
Eco-friendly
Class
Safety
Practical
Cheap
Budget-minded
Reliability
Porsche 911
Volvo xc90
Volkswagen Sharan
Toyota Prius
Range Rover Sport
Dacia Duster
Audi a5
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Social background
Brand image
Opinion
Status
Design
…
 Anticipation + research = Succes !
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Green label = Eco-label
Green sticker  Government
Flower logo (easy identification)
EU Eco-label  Best products
Eco-label
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Trustworthy
Ensures quality
Environmental-friendly policy
Rapidly growing brand (benefits)
Awarded after verification of standards
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Disposal
Extraction
Voluntary product label
Established in 1992
Encouragement of green management
Labels
◦ Awarded according to environmetal criteria
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Criteria
Life cycle
◦ Whole life cycle
Use
Manufacture
Distribution
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Trust is an issue
◦ ‘Rubber stamp’ labels
◦ Greenwashing
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Green stickers on consumer goods  1970’s
Focus on fuel consumption
North-American automobile industry
◦ Minimum emisson standard
 Fuel efficiency labels
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Eco-labels: 1992
◦ Encourage environmental-friendly products &
services
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ISO 14000
◦ ‘International Organization for Standardization’
◦ Standards related to environmental management
Life cycle thinking perspective
The over-exploitation of the raw materials due
to the high demand of cars would lead to the
depletion of non-renewable natural resources..
Air Pollutant
Proportion from On-road
Motor Vehicles
Effects
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
34%
precursor to ground-level
ozone (smog), which
damages the respiratory
system and injures plants
Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOC)
34%
precursor to ground-level
ozone (smog), which
damages the respiratory
system and injures plants
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
51%
Particulate Matter (PM10)
10%
contributes to smog
production; poisonous in
high concentrations
does not include dust
from paved and unpaved
roads, which are the
major source of
particulate matter
pollution (50% of the
total)
Air Pollutant
Proportion from On-road
Motor Vehicles
Effects
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
33%
thought to be primary
contributor to global
warming
Lead
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Sulphur oxides (SOx) -
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Elevated lead levels can
adversely affect mental
development, kidney
function, and blood
chemistry. Young
children are particularly
at risk.
Combustion of
petroleum products
generates sulfur dioxide.
Further oxidation of SO2,
usually in the presence
of a catalyst such as
NO2, forms H2SO4, and
thus acid rain
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1. Local effects -e.g. poisoning humans
breathing bad air.
2. Regional effects - fallout from airborne
pathogens - infections, particles, chemicals.
3. Global effects - changing interactions
between the atmosphere, oceans and the sun,
weather effects, effects on plants and the
ocean biosphere.
Runoff of oil, dirt, brake dust, deposited vehicle
exhaust, road particles, automotive fluids, and
de-icing chemicals from roadways and parking
lots.
 Improperly or illegally disposed waste fluids, e.g.
used motor oil.
Results
 Oil floats on top of water,
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◦ less sunlight penetrates into the water, limiting the
photosynthesis of marine plants and phytoplankton.
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Decreasing the fauna populations,
Affects the food chain in the ecosystem.
Noise Pollution
 Primary source of noise pollution in urban
environments
Effects on Wildlife
 The primary way people kill wildlife is by
automobiles.
◦ It is estimated motor vehicles kill over a million
animals in collisions every day in the US.
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Uses less petrol
Produces cleaner and fewer emissions
Run on electricity or bio fuels
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Diesel green cars
Ethanol cars
Natural gas
Electric cars
Hybrid cars
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Diesel produces less greenhouse gases
Produces black smoke (particulate matter)
Better fuel mileage
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Biodiesel is blend of diesel and vegetable oil
Every existing diesel engine is capable of
using biodiesel
You can modify your diesel engines to run a
fuel called straight vegetable oil SVO
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Lower emission
Versatility: ability to
switch between
biodiesel and regular
diesel
Car selection
Better mileage
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Particulate matter and
smog
Price
Cold weather
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Wheat-based fuel additive
E85 most popular (85 % ethanol 15 % gasoline)
Bioadapter can be inserted into a new car
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Reduce of emissions
Fuel versatility: Either
E85 or regular
Price
Car selection
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Limited refueling
stations
• Cleaner-burning fossil fuel
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Cleaner burning
Cars last longer
Price
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Limited refueling
stations
Car selection
Reduces range: CNG
takes twice the space
than gasoline
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Created mid-19th
century
Use electrical
energy stored in
batteries
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significant reduction of
air pollution
Noiseless
reduced greenhouse
gas emissions
Not depended on
foreign oil
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Noiseless
Difficulties in storage
batteries
Price of the vehicle
lack of public and
private recharging
infrastructure
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Full hybrids
Mild hybrid
◦ Cannot use electric motor alone
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Runs both electric and gasoline
Captures energy when braking
Auto stop start
◦ Switches engine off at traffic lights
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Great mileage
Quiet
Smooth ride
Runs also on gasoline
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Batteries
Quiet
Price
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EU Directive on end-of-life vehicles says
Objective
• First of all prevention of waste from vehicles
• Then reuse, recycling of end-of-life vehicles and components
Prevention
• Conception of vehicles with limited hazardous substances
• Design takes dismantling, reuse and recycling into account
• Usage of more recycled materials
85% rate of reuse and recovery by 2006 Reuse,
Design Prevention
95% rate of reuse and recovery by 2015 recovery
Treatment
Collection
Product lifecycle in automotive industry
Raw material
Raw
material
melting
Operation
Manufacturing
Raw
material
producing
Manu
facturing
Assembling
Automotive
operation
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)
during whole automotive lifecycle
Recycle/
Reuse
Jaguar Land Rover case study
Strategic environmental goals
• 25% reduction in EU fleet CO2 by 2015
• 25% reduction in operational CO2 emissions by 2012
• 25% reduction in waste to landfill by 2012
• 10% reduction in water use by 2012
• Cars are designed to be 85% recycleable and 95% recoverable
• Established takeback points in UK for old cars (cartakeback.com)
Jaguar XJ
• Body approximately 40% recycled aluminium
• 30 kg of other recycled materials
• Boot lid trim, rear seat trim board made from recycled
polypropylene
Jaguar Land Rover case study
Some facts about manufacturing & distribution
• Since 2001 energy usage down by 57%
• Since 2001 water usage down by 71%
• Since 2001 waste down by 65%
• Switched to rail distribution of new cars
Within 10 years 60 million truck miles safed
Jaguar Land Rover case study
Engaging customers on sustainability
• Dealerships must display sustainable development policy
• Sustainability information in welcome packs for customers
• Offering CO2 offset programmes
Investing in projects to offset CO2 in other parts of the world
Enables customers to compensate emissions from using a Jaguar
Biomass energy project in Brazil
Geothermal energy project in Kenya
Providing efficient cooking stoves in Uganda
• Free takeback service for old cars in the European
Union (250 takeback points in UK)
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Car is taken to scrapyard
Sellable parts are taken off the car
Recyclable parts are taken off
The car srap is crashed and sent to the
shredder
The metallic components are separated by
weight to heavier and lighter metals
Separated metals are melted to ingots and
sold
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Already recycled plastic parts
Manufacturers try not to use heavy metal
parts
Trunk floor, door panels etc. made from
recycled leather
Thank you for your attention !!