ENGLISH
FOR UII STUDENTS OF LAW
JATI SURYANTO, S.PD., MA.
My name is Achmad. I am a new student in this university. I
come from Riau. Riau is a province in Sumatra. It is far from Yogyakarta.
In Riau, I live with my parents. I have one younger sister and two older
brothers. One of my brothers is married. His wife is also from Riau.
They are civil servants. They have a son and a daughter. My sister is still
studying at class 2 Senior High School in Jogja. We rent a house on Jl.
Tamansiswa. We live happily
My hobby is playing football. I joined a football club in my
hometown. I play futsal with my friends in Jogja. I like futsal very much.
It makes my body healthy. I play futsal twice a week, every Saturday
and Sunday. I want to be a good futsal player.
Discuss:
1. What is the type of the text?
2. What is the type of the sentences?
Write a story in about 250 words. Tell about
yourself, your family, your interest, your
best friends, your hometown or any other
interesting information. Submit it in the end
of the meeting.
TYPES OF SENTENCES
Simple Sentences
 Compound Sentences
 Complex Sentences
 Compound-complex Sentences

SUBJECT
I/You/We/They
It/He/She
John/Mary/Gorbachev
Jim and Henry
The man/The students
The big car/The wild cat
The most beautiful girl
Some diligent students
Two mathematics teachers
His two younger brothers
PREDICATE /
VERB
smile
studies
is speaking
are studying
will take a rest
is in the zoo
has arrived
are in the class
have been in the class
will sing
SUBJECT
I, You, We
He, She, It
Herman
John and Jim
The man
The students
My friend
My colleagues
Some soldiers
Five lawyers
PREDICATE /
VERB
OBJECT
study
studies
is watching
are reading
will buy
have submitted
has written
are discussing
Had killed
will help
English
the new lessons
the TV programs
the text books
a new house
their homework
a short story
the problems
some enemies
the defendant
SUBJECT
PREDICATE /
VERB
I, You, We
He, She, It
Herman
John and Jim
The man
The students
My friend
Some soldiers
Five lawyers
give
sends
is telling
are cooking
will buy
had told
has written
had sent
will give
DIRECT
OBJECT
him
me
the students
a new cuisin
a new house
their problems
his students
the enemies
the defendant
INDIRECT
OBJECT
a gift
flowers
about the book
for us
for his wife
to their teacher
a short story
a bomb
a help
SUBJECT
I, You, We
He, She, It
Herman
John and Jim
The man
The students
My friend
My colleagues
Some soldiers
Five lawyers
PREDICATE /
VERB
ADJUNCT
study
studies
is sleeping
are reading
will stay
had come
has sneezed
are discussing
were killed
will meet
at school
in the class
in his room
together
in Jakarta
yesterday
many times
in the office
in the war
in the court
SUBJECT
I, You, We
He, She, It
Herman
John and Jim
The man
The students
My friend
My colleagues
Some soldiers
Five lawyers
PREDICATE /
VERB
study
studies
is watching
are reading
will buy
had submitted
has written
are discussing
had killed
will help
OBJECT
English
the new lessons
the TV programs
the text books
a new house
their homework
a short story
the problems
some enemies
the defendant
ADJUNCT
at school
in the class
in his room
together
in Jakarta
yesterday
many times
in the office
in the war
in the court
SENTENCES
TRUE/FALSE
We in the garden.
The new students of the famous university.
John will visit his teacher in the hospital.
Jim and Henry are practicing badminton now.
The man in the house with his new wife.
The big car has crashed two motorcycles.
The most beautiful girl in the university.
Some diligent students in the class seriously.
Two mathematics teachers will come in the meeting.
His two younger brothers live in another city.
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
I hate singing. I had a bad experience with singing. It was when
I was in class 1 Junior High School. It was in the music class and my
teacher suddently asked me to sing in front of the class. I could not
refused it although I did not know what song I had to sing. For a few
minutes, I did not do anything and my teacher was getting angry to me.
I just kept silent because I forgot all songs that she had taught us.
Finally, I started to sing and my teacher was listening to me. After I
finished singing, all my friend were laughing. I was very shy. They were
laughing because my short pants were wet.
Discuss:
1. What is the type of the text?
2. What are the types of the sentences?
Write a story in about 500 words. Tell about
your past experiences or any other
interesting past events. Submit it in the end
of the meeting.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(for; and; nor; but; or; yet; so)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
I have a friend and he lives in Bandung.
He studies in UNPAD but his brother studies in UNPAR.
He plans to come to Jogja or he will leave for Surabaya next
month.
He wants to visit Borobudur yet he does not have enough time.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(when; where; but; because; so; so that; if)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
I had a close friend when I lived in Bandung.
He planned to come to Jogja but he cancelled yesterday.
He wants to visit Borobudur because he never visit it.
The man is sick so his wife sends him to the hospital.
HOME ASSIGNMENT
Find an original article from a newspaper or
magazine
 Copy 2 or 3 paragraphs containing at least 10
sentences
 Identify the clauses and the types of the clauses
(adverbial, adjective, or noun clauses)
 Identify the phrases and identify the types of the
phrases (noun, verb, or adjective, or adverbial
phrases)
 Submit together with your mid-term exam
answer sheet.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor and philanthropist,
bequeathed most of his vast fortune in trust as a fund from which annual
prizes could be awarded to individuals and organizations who had achieved the
greatest benefit to humanity in a particular year. Originally, there were six
classifications for outstanding contributions designated in Nobel’s will
including chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature, and
international peace.
The prizes are administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. In
1969, a prize for economics endowed by the Central Bank of Sweden was added.
Candidates for the prizes must be nominated in writing by a qualified
authority in the field of competition. Recipients in physics, chemistry, and
economics are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; in
physiology or medicine by the Caroline Institute; in literature by the Swedish
Academy; and in peace by the Norwegian Nobel Committee appointed by
Norway’s parliament. The prizes are usually presented in Stockholm on
December 10, with the King of Sweden officiating, an appropriate tribute to
Alfred Nobel on the anniversary of his death. Each one includes a gold medal, a
diploma, and a cash award of about one million dollars.
Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor
and philanthropist, bequeathed most of his
vast fortune in trust as a fund from which
annual prizes could be awarded to individuals
and organizations who had achieved the
greatest benefit to humanity in a particular
year.
Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor
and philanthropist,
bequeathed
most of his vast fortune in trust
as a fund
from which
annual prizes
could be awarded to
individuals and organizations
who
had achieved
the greatest benefit to humanity
in a particular year.
Originally, there were six classifications for outstanding
contributions designated in Nobel’s will including
chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature,
and international peace.
Originally, there were six classifications for outstanding
contributions designated in Nobel’s will including
chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature,
and international peace.
Originally,
there
were
six classifications
for outstanding contributions
which are
designated
in Nobel’s will
which are
including
chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature,
and international peace.
Recipients in physics, chemistry, and economics are
selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; in
physiology or medicine are selected by the Caroline
Institute; in literature are selected by the Swedish
Academy; and in peace are selected by the Norwegian
Nobel Committee appointed by Norway’s parliament.
The man who lives near my house loves the cat which is
cute because of three reasons. First, the cat, which is very
expensive, is a tame animal, even tamer than a dog. The
cat never bites the owner because it recognize the master
well. It is a spoil animal. Second, it is easy to care for. The
man should not bathe the cat. It can find its own food. He
should not send it to an pet trainer. Third it has beautiful
color. Its color is bright. It has more than two colors. The
colors are contrast. Therefore, the man does not buy the
other cats.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(when; where; but; because; so; so that; if)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
I had a close friend when I lived in Bandung.
He does not know where he has to live in Jogja.
He planned to come to Jogja but he cancelled yesterday.
He wants to visit Borobudur because he never visit it.
The man is sick so his wife sends him to the hospital.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(when; whenever; since; while; before; after)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
I had a close friend when I lived in Bandung.
He always get confused whenever he comes to Jogja.
He had studied English since he was in the elementary school.
He wrote the letter while he was listening to the music.
He had passed away before his wife sent him to the hospital.
He got married after he had finished his post graduate school.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(where; wherever; anywhere; any places)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
My friend showed me where he had lived in Jogja last year.
He always gets many friends wherever he lives in Jogja.
He has promised to study hard anywhere he can study.
He always get many customers anyplaces he opens his office.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(but; while; although; though; eventhough)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
He wants to buy a car but he does not have much money.
The man is rich while his brother is very poor.
John came to school although it was raining heavily yesterday.
She wants to attend the exam though she is sick now.
He studies math seriously eventhough she does not neet it.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(because; cause; as; since; for)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
He is studying hard because he wants to pass his exam.
Bobby did not go to campus cause he was sick yesterday.
They are protesting as the commitee is not fair.
We have to pray everyday since it is our obligation.
We may not speed up in the busy street for it is dangerous.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(so; that; so .... that; such .... that; such a .... that; therefore )
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
He studied hard everyday, so he passed the English exam.
The tea is so hot that we cannot drink it immediately.
She cannot cook such delicious food that nobody marries her.
It is not such a good car that it is not very expensive.
He is too young to marry, therefore he refuses to marry her.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(so that; in order that; in the purpose that )
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
He studies hard everyday so that he can pass the exam.
He goes to the library everyday in order that he can read
many reference books as many as possible.
The man speaks loudly in the purpose that everybody in the
class can hear his voice.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(if; even if; unless )
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
He can pass the exam if he studies hard everyday.
He goes to the library everyday even if it is on hollydays.
All students have to join the exam unless they will not pass.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(as.....as; more.....than;......er than)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
He can swim as fast as his little son runs.
He drives his car faster than he rides his motorcycle.
He gets more money than he has spent.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(who; whom; whose; which; that)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
I had a close friend who (a close friend) lived in Bandung.
We met the artist whom Andi told (the artist)yesterday.
He will meet the man whose (the man’s) car is blocking his
house gate.
He wants to visit Borobudur which he never visit it.
The man reminds his wife that is very beautiful.
HOW TO USE THE CONJUNCTIONS
•
•
•
•
•
Who ------- for persons, replacing the subject of the subclause.
Whom ----- for persons, replacing the object of the sub
clause.
Whose ----- for both persons and things, showing
posessiveness.
Which ----- for things, replacing both subject and
object.
That ------- for both persons and things, replacing both
subject and object.
EXAMPLES
1.
The students who do not attend the class more than
25% will not get a good score.
The students do not attend the class.
2.
The teacher whom you met yesterday called me to
his class this morning.
You met the teacher yesterday.
3.
The girl whose shirt is funky is Fandy’s girlfriend.
The girl’s shirt is funky.
4.
The man that is handsome is always favorite.
The man is handsome.
5.
The problem that is difficult can be solved together.
The problem is difficult
OTHER EXAMPLES
1.
The cars which are very big can enter the gate.
The cars are very big.
2.
The car which he bought last month wins the car
competition.
He bought the car last month.
3.
I have a problem that needs solutions.
The problem needs solutions.
4.
This is the cat that you gave me last week.
You gave me the cat last week.
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION
(that; if/whether; question words)
SUBJECT
PREDICATE / VERB
OBJECT
ADJUNCT
Examples:
They said that they lived in Bandung.
He asked the artists if they will play in a new film.
He will ask the man whether he will sell his car.
He wants to know where he can watch “Laskar Pelangi”.
The man reminds his wife to whom she has to meet.
Write a story. Tell about your past
experiences or any other interesting past
events. Submit it in the end of the meeting.
HOME ASSIGNMENT
IDENTIFY THE CLAUSES AND THE PHRASES
According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms on
the surface of the sun hurl streams of solar particles into the
atmosphere, causing a shift in the weather on earth.
A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra surrounded
by lighter penumbra of light and dark threads extending out form the
center like the spokes of a whel. Actually, the sunspots are cooler
than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their color.
Typically, the temperature in sunspot umbra is about 4000 K,
whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and
granules outside the spot are 6000 K.
Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex
structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5
percent of the spots are large enough so that they can be seen without
instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been
recorded for several thousand years.
Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more
than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs. There is also
a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite
magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field
associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spot’s size.
Although there is no theory that completely explains the
nature and function sunspots, several models attempt to relate the
phenomenon to magnetic fields along the lines of longitude from the
north and south poles of the sun.
HOME ASSIGNMENT
IDENTIFY THE CLAUSES AND THE PHRASES
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea
vehicles along with breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer
equipment have overcome some of the limitationsof divers and diving
equipment. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish and their mental
concentration was limited. Because of undersea pressure that affected their
speech organs, communication among divers was difficult or impossible. But
today, most oceanographers make direct observations by means of instruments
that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken from the water, or from
photographs made by orbiting satellites. Direct observation of the ocean floor
are made not only by divers but also by deep-diving submarines and aerial
photography. Some of the submarines can dive to depths of more than seven
miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. In addition, radio-equiipped
buoys can be operated by remote control in order to transmit information back
to land-based laboratories, often via satellite. Particularly important are data
about water temperature, currents and weather. Satellite photographs can
show the distribution of sea ice, oil slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean.
Maps created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature and the
color of the ocean’s surface, enabling researchers to study the ocean currents.
Furthermore, computers help oceanographers to collect and analyze data from
submarines and satellites. By creating a model of the ocean’s movement and
characteristics, scientists can predict the patterns and possible effects of the
ocean on the environment.
Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on satellites
and computers than on research ships or even submarine vehicles because they
can supply a grater range of information more quickly and more efficiently.
Some of makind’s most serious problems, especially those concerning energy
and food, may be solved with the help of observations made possible by this
new technology.
HOME ASSIGNMENT
IDENTIFY THE CLAUSES AND THE PHRASES
Although stage plays have been set to music since the era ancient
Greeks, when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by
lyres and flutes, the usually accepted date for the beginning of opera as we
know it is 1600. As part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of
France to the Italian aristocrat Maria de Medici, the Florentine composer
Jacopo Peri Produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the fisrt
opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians, poets, and
noblemen called the Camerata began to revive the style of musical story that
had been used in Greek tragedy. The Camerata took most of the plots for their
operas from Greek and Roman history and mythology, writing liberettos or
dramas for music. They called their compositions opera in musica or musical
works. It is from this phrase that the word “opera” is borrowed.
For several years, the center of opera was Florence, but gradually,
during the baroque period, it spread throughout Italy. By the late 1600s,
operas were being written and performed in Europe, especially in England,
France, and Germany. But, for many years, the Italian opera was considered
the ideal, and many non-Italian composers continued to use Italian librettos.
The European from de-emphasized the dramatic aspec. New orchestral effects
and even ballet were introduced under the guise of opera. Composers gave in to
the demands of singers, writing many operas that were nothing more than a
succession of brilliant tricks for the voice. Complicated arias, recitatives, and
duets evolved. The aria, which is a long solo, may be compared to a song in
which the characters express their thoughts and feelings. The recitative, which
is also a solo, is a recitation set to music whose purpose is to continue the story
line. The duet is a musical piece written for two voices which may serve the
unction of either and aria or a recitative.