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Semester Final Review
Facts or Opinion
Facts are statements that can be proven.
Facts may be true or false.
But facts can be proven.
Opinions are statements that cannot be proven.
Opinions can be argued.
Opinions may be supported with facts.
Opinions cannot be proven.
Opinion or Fact
Examples
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Golf is boring.
Statistically, women live longer than men.
Most buses weigh more than most cars.
Pizza is delicious.
There are ten inches in a foot (false).
Math is the hardest subject.
Antonyms or Synonyms
• Anti – means against or opposite
• Syn – means same
• Onym – means name or word
• Antonym means a word with the opposite
meaning
• Synonym means a word with the same
meaning
What are the following pairs of
words:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Under ~ Over
Exit ~ Leave
Produce ~ Make
Fiction ~ Made up or Fake
Sequence ~ steps
Love ~ Hate
Plot Structure Components
Climax: The turning point. The
most intense moment (either
mentally or in action.)
Rising Action: the series of
conflicts and crisis in the story
that lead to the climax.
Falling Action: all of the
action which follows the
Climax.
Exposition: the main character &
setting [time and place] are given.
Also, the background information that
is needed to understand the story and
the conflict may be introduced.
Resolution: The conclusion,
the tying together of all of
the threads.
Expositions
• Exposition: The mood and conditions
existing at the beginning of the story. The
setting is identified. The main characters
with their positions, circumstances and
relationships to one another are
established. The exciting force or initial
conflict is introduced. Sometimes called
the “Narrative HOOK” this begins the
conflict that continues throughout the
story.
• Rising Action: The series of events,
conflicts, and crises in the story that lead
up to the climax, providing the progressive
intensity, and complicate the conflict.
• Climax: The turning point of the story. A
crucial event takes place and from this
point forward, the protagonist moves
toward his inevitable end. The event may
be either an action or a mental decision
that the protagonist makes.
• Falling Action/Denouement: The events
occurring from the time of the climax to the
end of the story. The main character may
encounter more conflicts in this part of the
story, but the end is inevitable.
• Resolution: The tying up of loose ends
and all of the threads in the story. The
conclusion. The hero character either
emerges triumphant or is defeated at this
point.
Chronological
In order of time
Chrono = time
Stories are told chronologically
Moved
Away
Met Girl
Fell in
Love
Born
Married Died
in 1882 in 1906 in 1948
Sequence / Order of Importance
Steps described in the order they occur.
Get bread
Tighten
Laces
Tie Loops
Together
Make Two
Loops
Put on
Shoe
Open jars
Spread peanut butter
Spread jelly
Combine slices
Enjoy.
Does not take place at any specific point in time.
Cause and Effect
Explains reasons why something happened.
Or explains the effects of something.
Many Karate
Schools Opened.
Not feeding it.
Not petting it.
Why Dog
Ran Away
Lots of Karate
Movies in 60’s
Nun chuck sales
Increased 400%
Not loving it.
Hospital cases
went up.
Problem and Solution
Author states a problem and solution(s).
Similar to cause and effect.
Missing
Books
Eagles were
endangered.
Putting in
the Closet
Getting
Lockers
Make laws to
protect them.
Basically
Cause & Effect
With an Opinion.
And an answer.
Compare and Contrast
Compare = find similarities
Contrast = find differences
Shows what’s in common and what’s different.
Apples &
Oranges
Fruits
Colors
Have Seeds
Tastes
Healthy
Locations
Spatial or Descriptive
Describes a place or thing or other noun usually utilizing
prepositional phrases
In the center of the
Field is a water
trough for the
horses
Around the perimeter is
a wooden fence
In the far corner is a
red metal gate
Fiction
Nonfiction
Folklore
Drama
Fairy Tale
Historical
Fiction
Informational
Writing
Fantasy
Realistic
Fiction
Persuasive
Writing
Autobiography
Biography
Comedy
Tragedy
Fable
Science
Fiction
Poetry
Myth
Legend
Tall Tale
5 Main Genres
1. Fiction: imaginative or made up writing,
Fake
2. Nonfiction: writing that is true, NOT FAKE
3. Folklore: stories once passed down orally
from generation to generation. Usually
has an “unknown” author or will be
“retold” or “adapted” by the author.
4. Drama: a play or script
5. Poetry: writing concerned with the beauty
of language
Fiction Genre
FICTION SUBGENRES
• Historical Fiction: a STORY based on or around
a person or event from history. -HISTORY BASED, BUT
IT NEVER REALLY TOOK PLACE
• Science Fiction: has aliens, robots, futuristic
technology and/or space ships
• Fantasy: a story that has monsters, magic, or
characters with superpowers… ex: Shrek (in
years to come it could become a Fiction-fantasy
story and a TRUE folklore- fairytale
• Realistic Fiction: a story that sounds real but
it never really took place.
Nonfiction Genre
Nonfiction Subgenres
• Informational Writing: explains something, cook
book, pamphlet, instructions, newspaper article
• Persuasive Writing: tries to influence the reader,
SPEECH, advertisement
• Autobiography: the life story written and told by
oneself.
• Biography: the life story of someone told by
someone else
Auto = Self
Latin Roots
Bio = Life
Graphy = Writing
Folklore Genre
Folklore/Folktales genres
Fairytale: has magic and/or talking animals.
• Often begins with “Once upon a time…”
ends with “They lived happily ever after…”
• Often has a human main character
– Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
– Cinderella
THINK DISNEY!
Fable: short story with personified (TALKING)
animals and a moral (LESSON LEARNED)
ex: Goldilocks and the Three Bears, Little Red
Riding Hood, Tortoise and the Hare, The Boy Who
Cried Wolf
Goldilocks and the Three Bears- Disney
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atipwymJk5I
The Three Little Pigs -Disney
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Olo923T2HQ4
Little Red Riding Hood and the Three Little Pigs -Disney
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c78fBl41OLc
The Three Little Pigs- The Muppets
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osBpB2lUL2w
Myth: has gods/goddesses and usually accounts for the
creation of something,
Greek Mythology
ex:Native American literature,
ex: Greek and Roman: Perseus, Medusa, Pandora’s
Box
Pandora’s Boxhttp://greece.mrdonn.org/greekgods/pandora.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9P3EYx6Bp8
ex: Native American: Crow Brings the Daylight, The
Trickster Tricked, Kuekuatsu
Kuekuatsu- FROM WOLVERINE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBCB73yo240
Folklore Subgenres (continued)
Tall Tale
• Set in the Wild West, the American frontier
• Main characters skills/size/strength is
greatly exaggerated
• Exaggeration is humorous
Paul Bunyan
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4CNtcDjywBA
Legend
Based on a real person or place
The Legend Of Robin Hood (archtype???)
Robin Hood is one of the most famous legendary
characters of all time. Though his existence is not
clearly verified, he is believed to be an English man
from the medieval times.
He was a thief who fought against the injustice
and tyranny by stealing from the rich and giving the
money to the poor.
It is believed that he had a group of men working
for him whom he called his “merry men”.
Robin Hood IS AN ARCHETYPE
John Henry
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MuCLvu0CkU
Johnny Appleseed
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=484AJlOnOnc
Legends
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BAh0LbaqutU
BigFoot
Lochness Monster
Drama Genre
Drama subgenre
Comedy: has a happy ending.
Tragedy: ends in death and sadness.
A
B
C
D
E
1.
Contrary
Comparison
Coexist
Trisect
quadrisect
2.
monophobia
Monotone
Monochromatic
Monologue
Polytheism
3
Triped
Unison
unilateral
Supervisor
Commiserate
4
superior
subconscious
Counterfeit
Combined
Precautions
5
Subdued
Contrast
coincidence
Contraband
Prejudge
6
Surreal
Polyclinic
Precede
Polyglot
Polygraph
7
Hideous
Warped
Portrayed
Misery
Treacherous
8
Revenge
Betrayal
Misgivings
Raid
Wreck
9
Quadruple
Devote
monopoly
Reveal
Abandoned
10 Postpone
Postmarks
Postscript
Supervised
Contrarian
11 Subjected
Counterexample
Submerged
Submarine
Supervised
12 Preplan
Preview
Postdate
Postpone
polyglot
13 Subfreezing
Subcutaneous
Subordinate
Unify
monosyllabic