Multiple Choice Review- Prokaryotes and Viruses
1. Which is not true of prokaryotes? They
a. Are both archaea and bacteria
b. They evolved early in the history of life
c. They are living cells
d. They are all parasitic
2. All of the following are shapes of bacteria except
a. Spirochetes
b. Cocci
c. Bacilli
d. Phage
3. Bactria live together in groups called
a. Colonies
b. Clusters
c. Bunches
d. Families
4. One function of a bacteria cell wall is
a. Adhesion
b. Support
c. Motility
d. Transport
5. Which structure allows a bacterium to adhere to other surfaces?
a. Flagellum
b. Fimbriae
c. Sex pili
d. Filament
6. Bacteria reproduce asexually by
a. Conjugation
b. Transformation
c. Binary Fission
d. Transduction
7. If a culture of 10 bacteria cells is inoculated for 2 hours and they replicate
every 30 minutes, how many bacteria cells are present at the end of 2 hours?
a. 20
b. 30
c. 40
d. 160
8. What type of organic compound is DNA?
a. Protein
b. Carbohydrate
c. Lipid
d. Nucleic Acid
9. Adenine only bonds to thymine and guanine only bonds with cytosine. This
describes the rule of
a. Complementary Base Pairing
b. Congruent bases
c. Base Groups
d. Identical Base Matching
10. The bacterial chromosome is best described as
a. A single stranded loop of DNA
b. A double stranded loop of DNA
c. Two double stranded loops of DNA
d. Many double stranded helices
11. DNA replication in bacteria occurs
a. Freely throughout the cell
b. Through conjugation
c. In the plasmid
d. In a replication bubble
12. At the end of binary fission there are two bacteria cells;
a. One has all the parent DNA
b. Both have only parent DNA
c. Both have only daughter DNA
d. Both have half parent and half daughter DNA
13. Which of the following is true of an R plasmid?
a. Contains genes for antibiotic resistance and sex pili
b. Makes bacteria resistant to phage
c. Bacteria containing R plasmids are not antibiotic resistant
d. It is transferred from one bacterium to another through
transformation.
14. Which process is used for the direct exchange of genetic material between
two bacterial cells
a. Transformation
b. Transduction
c. Conjugation
d. Lysogenic Cycle
15. Which of the following increase genetic diversity in bacteria?
I. Conjugation
II. Transformation
III. Crossing Over
a. I only
b. I and II only
c. III only
d. I, II, and III
16. Griffith’s experiment provided evidence for:
a. Transformation
b. Transduction
c. Conjugation
d. Crossing Over
17. Griffith’s experiment involved the use of:
a. A harmless and pathogenic strain of a virus
b. A harmless and pathogenic strain of a bacteria
c. A harmless bacteria and a pathogenic virus
d. A harmless virus and a pathogenic bacteria
18. Transformation is when
a. Bacteria reproduce through binary fission
b. Bacteria incorporate pieces of DNA from their environment into their
own DNA
c. Bacteria exchange plasmids
d. Bacteria DNA from one host cell is bought to another host cell by a
virus
19. Which of the following is not part of a virus?
a. Cell Wall
b. Nucleic Acid
c. Head
d. Tail Fibers
20. In the lytic cycle, after a virus enters the cell, the virus
a. DNA is replicated
b. DNA is incorporated into the bacteria’s DNA
c. Lyses the cell and releases new phages
d. Directs the bacteria cell to make component of the phage
21. Each virus has a host range meaning
a. It can only infect a certain type of bacterial cells
b. It can only infect gram positive cells
c. It can only infect gram negative cells
d. It can only infect a certain number of cells
22. One defense that bacteria have against phages are
a. Antibiotic Resistance
b. R factor
c. Restriction enzymes
d. Pili
23. When a virus infects a bacteria cell, what part of the virus enters the
bacteria?
a. Only the nucleic acid
b. The nucleic acid and the virus head it is contained in
c. Only the tail fibers
d. Only the head
24. Viruses are considered non-living because
I. They cannot reproduce on their own
II. Their nucleic acid does not code for protein
III. They are not made of cells
a. III only
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. I, II, and III
25. In the lytic life cycle of phages
a. The viral capsid is assembled according to the genetic information of
the capsid.
b. Phage DNA is incorporated into the host cell’s genome
c. The entire phage is taken into the bacterium
d. The cell typically dies, releasing many copies of the virus
26. What types of viruses are able to enter the lysogenic cycle and lytic cycle?
a. All viruses
b. Phages
c. Temperate Phages
d. Bacteriophages
27. If a particular operon contains the genes for enzymes that together make an
essential amino acid, and the regulation of this operon is like the trp operon
then
a. The amino acid turns on enzyme synthesis
b. The enzymes produced are called inducible enzymes
c. The amino acid inactivates the repressor
d. The amino acid acts as a co-repressor
28. In order for specialized transduction to occur, which process must have
happened first?
a. Incorporation of viral DNA into bacterial DNA
b. Destruction of bacterial DNA
c. Assembly of virus structures
d. Lysis of the host cell
29. The host cell dies in the
a. Lytic cycle
b. Lysogenic cycle
c. Both
d. Neither
30. Which cycle results in the production of full virus molecules?
a. Lytic cycle
b. Lysogenic cycle
c. Both
d. Neither
31. The end result of transduction is
a. The uptake of viral DNA by the new host cell
b. Binary fission producing bacteria cells that contain both the bacteria’s
and virus’s DNA
c. Many phages containing both bacteria and virus DNA
d. The uptake of the previous host’s DNA by the new host
32. The process of gene expression in bacteria follows the sequence of
a. Transcription, translation, DNA replication
b. DNA replication, translation, transcription
c. DNA replication, transcription, translation
d. Transduction, transcription, translation
33. _________________ is a three nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific amino
acid.
a. mRNA
b. Codon
c. Protein
d. DNA
34. Which of the following is not part of an operon?
a. Operator
b. Genes
c. Inducer
d. Promoter
35. An inducible operon is
a. Usually off and the lac operon is an example
b. Usually on and the lac operon is an example
c. Usually off and the trp operon is an example
d. Usually on and the trp operon is an example
36. In the example of the lac operon, lactose is an example of a
a. Promoter
b. Operator
c. Inducer
d. Co-repressor
37. If one bacteria cell is in contact with a different bacteria cell and they each
produce something beneficial to the other, this is an example of
a. Conjugation
b. Mutualism
c. Commensalism
d. Parasitism
38. Although a virus is not a living organism so it does not fit the definition of
symbiosis, which best describes the relationship between bacteria and
bacteriophages?
a. Mutualism
b. Parasitism
c. Commensalism
d. Transformation
39. An area of plaque in a bacteria lawn is best described as
a. An area where the bacteria has successfully grown
b. An area where the bacteria has been killed
c. Caused by human error and contamination
d. An area where a new strain of bacteria has grown
40. Which of the following is not a prokaryote?
a. Archaea
b. Gram-positive bacteria
c. Gram-negative bacteria
d. Bacteriophage
Multiple Choice Answers
1. D
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. D
9. A
10. B
11. D
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. A
17. B
18. B
19. A
20. A
21. D
22. C
23. A
24. B
25. D
26. C
27. D
28. A
29. A
30. A
31. D
32. C
33. B
34. C
35. A
36. C
37. B
38. B
39. B
40. D