Civil War
Foldable
Causes
• Slavery- not a necessity in N (not reliant on a
cheap, reliable workforce).
• Buy agricultural products cheap>make into
finished products= $=wages for workers
– South=economy based on agriculture.
Agriculture is heavily reliant upon
uncontrollable forces: weather,
– prices reliant upon customer demand and
amount of availability.
– Therefore, farmers do not always make a
profit. Many live on credit and in debt.
• State’s Rights- rights not designated for
the fed. gov’t is maintained w/in the state.
• Ex. Slavery-not addressed in const.
therefore choice of state.
• Sectionalism-belief your areas are better
than anyone else’s
legislation
• Missouri Compromise
• Problem which occurs: Missouri wanted to
enter the Union bka United States
• Missouri wanted to be a slave state. This
would cause an imbalance of power in
Congress between free and slave states
• Solution: Maine enters as free state and
Missouri enters as slave state
• 2. Congress drew imaginary line across
southern portion of Missouri (slavery
would not go past)
• The Compromise of 1850
• Cali. wanted to enter the union
• Problem- balance of free and slave states
would change
• Solution: North benefits-1. California
enters as free state
• 2. slave trade ended in District of
Columbia
• 3. Texas would not annex New Mexico
• South’s Benefits• 1. New Mexico & Utah would decide whether
they wanted to be slave or free (popular
sovereignty)
• 2. residents of District of Columbia could keep
the slaves they already had (just couldn’t import
more)
• 3. Congress passed a law 4 runaway slaves to
be returned to their owner (fugitive slave act)
• Kansas –Nebraska Act
• Created by Stephen Douglas
• Areas of Kansas & Nebraska would practice
popular sovereignty
• Problem- Missouri Compromise did not permits
slavery north of Missouri’s southern boundary
• Response- free soilers (against slavery& wants
land to be given to western settlers for farming)
and pro slavery (4 slavery)
• Fight violently bka Bleeding Kansas
• Result• 1.Congress rejected Kansas’ bid for
statehood
• 2. Southerners realize northern votes
alone could keep slave states from the
Union
• Dred Scott Decision
• Dred Scott is slave from Missouri
• Scott’s owner takes him from Missouri to
Illinois to then to Wisconsin
• Scott returns to Missouri and claims he is
a free black
• How? He lived in a free state
• Action- took owner to court (Supreme
Court)
• Outcome• 1. illegal to sue/go to court; Scott is a slave and
slaves are not citizens (slave codes)
• 2. Congress did not have the right to stop
slavery in territories (based upon the repealing
of the Missouri Compromise in 1854)
• Affects north & south- further divides the north
and south and pushes them closer to war
• Election of 1860- S.C. declares if
Republican Abraham Lincoln wins
presidential election, they will secede.
Fear-Lincoln will outlaw slavery.
• SC secedes on Dec. 20, 1860 followed by
GA on Jan. 19, 1861
• Alexander Stephens spoke first in favor of
remaining in Union, but later becomes VP
of Confederacy.
Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” Clairmont Press h/o
book. Students answers the following questions
1.Based on the story, write 5 adjectives that would
describe Harriet Jacobs.
2.Which of the incidents described touched you
the most? Why?
3.Which incident do you think caused her the most
emotional pain? Why?
4.Which of the punishments described do you
think was the most cruel? Why?
5.Do you think there are nations in the world where
this type of cruelty still occurs? Why and where?
In your opinion, how can it be eliminated?
Let’s Compare
south
9 million (3 ½ slaves)
North
Strong well-trained army
& navy
No $ or industry
Est. functioning gov’t
Familiar territory
Attempting to reunite by
force
Thought to be a short
Similarities of Soldiers
• Under age of 21 (13-21)
• Lower economic groups
• Do not really know about war until fighting
begins
• Want to be a hero
Rations
• Both sides depend on food found in
woods, taken from farms, or sutler wagons
Confederate or Union
• Kentucky Maryland Missouri
• Tennessee Georgia S.Carolina
Alabama Louisiana Mississippi
• Virginia Florida West Virginia
Pennsylvania Delaware
• North Carolina
• Texas Arkansas