How Living
Things Are Alike
1.1
Learning Targets
I
can explain what a cell is and describe
some basic functions of cells
I
can identify chemicals that are
important for life and explain how living
things use these chemicals
I
can list and describe the basic life
activities
Cells

Basic unit of life (alive)

Can carry out many functions or jobs

Unicellular or multicellular

Can be different shapes and sizes

There are about 200 different types of cells in
the human body!
Microscopes
 Needed
to see cells
 Magnifies
 Electron
the object you are looking at
microscope uses beams of tiny
particles rather than light
Organelles
 Tiny
structures inside of cells
 Seen
only under a microscope
 Perform
special functions in the cell
Tissues
 Groups
of cells that are similar and act
together to do a certain job
 For
example: Muscle cells join together to
make muscle tissues
 Muscle
tissues work together to make the
body move
Organs
 Different
kinds of tissues join together to
form an organ
 Main
working parts of plants and animals
 Organs
carry out specific jobs
Vocabulary
 Cell
 Tissue
 Organ
 Organelle
 Section

Review Questions
Pg. 18 #1-5
Chemicals
Important for
Life
1.2
Did you Know?
Humans
can survive up to
several weeks without food.
However, they can survive only
a few days without water.
Importance of Water
 What
 Life
is the chemical formula? __________
cannot exist without water
 Water
has the ability to dissolve other
chemicals
 When
water mixes with other chemicals
(dissolve) it becomes a solution
Other Important Chemicals
 Carbohydrates
 Fats
 Proteins
 Nutrients
Carbohydrates
 Sugars
 Many
and starches
fruits and vegetables contain sugar
 Starches
can be found in foods like
bread, cereal, pasta, rice and potatoes
 Provide
energy for plants and animals
Energy
 Energy
is needed to carry on life activities
 Energy
comes from fuel
 Carbohydrates
 When
are fuel
carbohydrates are broken down in
the animal or plant, energy is released
Fats
 Can
also be thought of as fuel
 Fats
store large amounts of energy that
are released when they are broken down
 Fats
contain the most energy
 Found
in foods like beef, butter, cheese,
and peanut butter
Proteins
 Like
carbohydrates and fats, proteins
provide energy for living things
 They
help repair damaged cells and build
new ones
 Proteins
also help control body activities
such as heart rate and breaking food
down
Nutrients
 Your
body also needs minerals and
vitamins
 The
body needs these in small amounts
only
 The
body needs a balance of nutrients,
carbohydrates, fats and proteins
Vocabulary
 Solution
 Section

Review Questions
Pg. 22 #1-5
Basic Life
Activities
1.3
7 Basic Life Activities
 Getting
Food
 Using Food and Removing Wastes
 Movement
 Sensing and Responding
 Growth
 Development
 Reproduction
Getting Food
 Animals
animals
 Plants
 Plants
get food by eating plants or other
make their own food
also use the energy from sunlight to
make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide
and water
Using Food and Removing
Wastes

Digestion is a life activity that breaks down
food into chemicals that cells can use

Respiration is when cells release the energy
that is stored in the chemicals. Oxygen is
used to release the stored energy (cells use
the energy to do work)

Excretion is the process that removes wastes
Movement
 There
is constant movement in living
things
 The insides of plants and animals are
always changing
 Liquids are flowing, food is being
digested, and materials are moving in
and out of cells (solutions)
 All plants and animals move
Sensing and Responding
 Tissues
and organs can sense signals from
their surroundings (light, sound, touch,
and chemicals)
 Plants and animals then respond based
on the signals they receive
 Examples: Moths flying around a light, fish
swimming to the top for food, a dog
responding to its owners voice, flowers
open to the sun’s light
Growth
 Growth
 All
is part of being alive
living things experience growth
 Many
species go through patterns of
growth that are similar to each other
Development
 Development
means changing over time
 Tadpoles
hatch from eggs and develop in
stages into frogs.



Tadpoles are born with tails and no legs
Tadpoles have no mouth at birth
As they develop, a mouth and legs form
and the tail is absorbed into the body
Reproduction
 Living
things produce offspring through
reproduction
 Some living things can reproduce by
themselves (unicellular)

Bacteria reproduce by dividing into two
 Other
living things need two parents to
reproduce (multicellular)
 All offspring will resemble their parent(s)
Vocabulary
 Digestion
 Excretion
 Respiration
 Section

Review Questions
Pg. 25 #1-5
Chapter Review
 Pgs.
28-29
 Vocabulary Review #1-15
 Concept Review #1-4
 Critical Thinking