Civil War Test
87.5% Average
Test Corrections:
Before school, Wednesday
10/28 or Wednesday 11/4
Reconstruction Brain Dump
Groups of 4
No phones
1 Surface/Laptop Per Group
Download worksheet from website
15 points total
Top 3: Extra credit!
Reconstruction Brain Dump
Stage 1:
Fill in as much as you can from
memory, general knowledge.
Reconstruction Brain Dump
Stage 2:
Fill in as much as you can from
the textbook (Chapter 11).
Reconstruction Brain Dump
Stage 3:
Fill in as much as you can
using whatever resource you
want
Reconstruction Brain Dump
Stage 4:
Email your document to Mr.
Buker
bukerw@issaquah.wednet.edu
Warm Up
How do you reconcile a fight with a
friend?
Reconstruction
How do you reconcile a fight with a
friend when 700,000 people died?
Slavery Did Not Die Honestly
How was the Civil War “both the cause and product of
revolutions”? Was the Civil War a revolution in its
own right?
Was Southern society broken?
What groups were involved in Reconstruction?
How did the Civil War change the definition of human
rights?
What is the author’s message? Why does he bring in
modern politics?
What is the significance of the following quote:
“Racism-like the constitutional persuasions
sometimes practiced, wittingly or not, to defend itnever dies honestly. History is never so easy”
Slavery Did Not Die Honestly
The 14th Amendment:
“Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the
United States, and subject to the jurisdiction
thereof are citizens of the United States and of
the State wherein they reside. No State shall make
or enforce any law which shall abridge the
privileges or immunities of citizens of the United
States; nor shall any State deprive any person of
life, liberty, or property, without due process of
law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction
the equal protection of the laws.”
What is this saying?
What was the original purpose of the 14th
Amendment?
Slavery Did Not Die Honestly
Are there lasting impacts of
Reconstruction?
What are they?
Reconstruction
Abraham Lincoln assassinated
“With malice toward none; with charity for all; with
firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the
right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in;
to bind up the nation's wounds; to care for him
who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow
and his orphan; to do all which may achieve and
cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves
and with all nations.”
Lincoln’s assassination changes the course of
Reconstruction
Reconstruction
Abraham Lincoln assassinated
“With malice toward none; with charity for all; with
firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the
right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in;
to bind up the nation's wounds; to care for him
who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow
and his orphan; to do all which may achieve and
cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves
and with all nations.”
Lincoln’s assassination changes the course of
Reconstruction
Take Out
Huck Finn
Song Lyrics and Explanations
SS Notes
Huck Finn Lyrics Activity
1. Listen to someone’s song while reading
their lyrics
2. On their sheet, write:
1. Your name
2. Do you approve of connection?
3. 1 specific example from Huck Finn that
shares the same theme
• Ex: Friendship - HF recognizes how much Jim cares for him and
how much he cares for Jim after HF pranks Jim after the fog.
You need at least 3 people to listen and
respond to your song.
Huck Finn Jigsaw
Work on your written response to Jigsaw
Question with your table group
Responses MUST include:
• Complete sentences
• Essay organizaton
• A clear thesis statement that responds to the
prompt (label thesis).
• Title, Author, Genre (TAG) (label)
• Brief context information (label)
• 2 specific references to the book (w page
citations). (label)
Homework
Read and complete study guide for
next two chapters
Warm Up
What problems did
the country face
with
Reconstruction?
What were the
different groups
that emerged during
Reconstruction?
Reconstruction
Lincoln’s Plan:
- Moderate
- Focused on reunification
- Loath of Loyalty for Confederate States
- Excluded Military Officers, Judges,
Congressmen, Confederate soldiers who
didn’t treat black soldiers as POWs
- Supported by conservative and moderate
Republicans
- Opposed by “Radical Republicans”
- Wanted sweeping reform of South
Andrew Johnson
“A combative man who lacked most
president virtues. Essentially illiterate,
Johnson was provincial and bigoted- he
harbored fierce prejudices. He was also
short-tempered and impetuous”
What does this quote tell you about
Johnson?
Andrew Johnson
Southern Democrat
Pro-Union
Favored small farmers
Opposed “bloated,
corrupted aristocracy”
Racist: “Damn the
negroes, I am fighting
those traitorous
aristocrats, their
masters”
Strict Constructionist
Andrew Johnson
Johnson’s Plan:
-New State Constitution
-New State Government
-Repeal Secession
-Cancel War Debts
-Ratify 13th Ammendment
“The white man alone
must manage the
South”
th
13
Amendment
January of 1865
“Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary
servitude, except as a punishment for
crime whereof the party shall have been
duly convicted, shall exist within the
United States, or any place subject to their
jurisdiction.
Section 2. Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate
legislation.”
Congress During Reconstruction
End of 1865: Every Southern State had
created New Government
Federal Congress dominated by Radical
Republicans
-Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
“40 acres and a mule”
Remember Charles Sumner?
Congress During Reconstruction
The Civil Rights Act
–“All persons born in the United States
and not subject to any foreign power,
excluding Indians not taxed” were
citizens entitled to “full and equal
protection of all laws”
Vetoed by Andrew Johnson
“This claim is modest for a man made
President by an assassin”
Overturned by Congress
Congress During Reconstruction
Congress needs to justify Civil Rights Act
“All persons born in the United States and not subject to
any foreign power, excluding Indians not taxed” were
citizens entitled to “full and equal protection of all laws”
How can they make this Constitutional?
Congress During Reconstruction
The 14th Amendment
“Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the
United States, and subject to the jurisdiction
thereof are citizens of the United States and of
the State wherein they reside. No State shall
make or enforce any law which shall abridge
the privileges or immunities of citizens of the
United States; nor shall any State deprive any
person of life, liberty, or property, without due
process of law; nor deny to any person within
its jurisdiction the equal protection of the
laws.”
Problems During Reconstruction
Using Chapter 11 from the textbook,
fill in the left column with problems
the country faced during
Reconstruction, as well as a brief
description of the problem
Test Corrections
Still an option, before or after school
Excluding Wednesday 10/28 (staff
meeting…)
Reconstruction: Questions
What should happen to Confederate leaders?
Who should rebuild the South?
What should happen to former slaves?
Land?
Education?
Social Equality?
Voting Rights?
Why is Andrew Johnson so awful?
What path should Congress take? How can the
North enforce these changes?
The New South
Total War destroyed Southern Infrastructure
Property values plummeted
Cotton plantations either seized by government
or destroyed
Labor system left in disarray
The New South
Southern defeat transformed Southern Society
Union soldiers sent to maintain order
“Every day, every hour that I live increases my
hatred and detestation, and loathing of that race.
They [Yankees] disgrace our common humanity.
As a people I consider them vastly inferior to the
better classes of our slaves."
Distrust of Yankees instilled in Southerners
"Fear God, love the South, and live to avenge me"
Andrew Johnson: Problems
Johnson withdrew Union troops from South
Southern governments began to set up "black codes“
Laws intended to restrict freedom and rights to
African-Americans
Spelled out rights for African-Americans:
– Work for wages, own property, marry, file lawsuits
– Could not vote, serve on juries, become citizens
Ensured a workforce for plantation owners
– Forced former slaves to sign work contracts
"Maintained" social structure in South by preventing
upward mobility for African-Americans
Andrew Johnson: Problems
Vetoed Civil Rights Act and Freedman’s Bureau
Freedmen's Bureau: Established March 3, 1865 by Congress
in order to provide "such issues of provisions, clothing,
and fuel to relieve destitute and suffering refugees and
freedmen and their wives and children“
–
–
–
–
Negotiated labor contracts
Set up schools- Fisk and Howard University
Provided food and housing
Could divide confiscated Southern plantations in order to
provide for former slaves
Johnson Vetoed Freedmen’s Bureau
Confiscated land back to Southerners
Sharecropping
Andrew Johnson: Problems
Johnson’s Plan clashes with Radical Republicans in
Congress
Congress Takes Control
Congress passes Reconstruction Acts of 1867
• South divided into 5 military districts
• Expected to create new Constitutions
Congress Takes Control
Johnson throws a fit
Congress responds with 2 new acts
• Command of Army Act
– Limits Presidential military power
• Tenure of Office Act
– President banned from firing
federal officials without
Johnson throws a fit
Fires Edwin Stanton (Sec. of War)
Congress votes 36-25 to remove
Johnson from office
The Election of 1868
Former Confederates barred from voting
3 Groups Emerge in the South:
Freedmen
New Voters
Mainly Republican (duh…)
Scalawags
White Southerners who opposed secession
Poor farmers
Republicans
Carpetbaggers
Former Soldiers
Republicans
Flooded South to grab political opportunity
The Election of 1868
Grant (Republican) wins
4th youngest President (46)
Great beard
The Election of 1868
Grant’s win gives
Republicans control
Plans went unabated
15th Amendment
Passed
The 15th Amendment
Section 1. The right of citizens of the
United States to vote shall not be denied
or abridged by the United States or by
any State on account of race, color, or
previous condition of servitude.
Section 2. The Congress shall have
power to enforce this article by
appropriate legislation
White Resistance to Reconstruction
Former Confederate States actively oppose
Reconstruction
Angry about voting rights
Refuse to support Reconstruction Governments
– Voting rights
– Higher taxes
– Land loss
Radical Southerners begin to form terrorist groups
KKK
White Brotherhood
Knights of Camile
The Ku Klux Klan
“Kyklos Clan”
Formed by former Confederate Soldiers
Led by Nathan Bedford Forrest
First “Imperial Grand Wizard”
Attempted to end black:
Voting Rights
Education
Social Advancement
Right to Bear Arms
The Ku Klux Klan
“In effect, the Klan was a military force serving the
interests of the Democratic party, the planter class, and
all those who desired restoration of white supremacy. Its
purposes were political, but political in the broadest
sense, for it sought to affect power relations, both public
and private, throughout Southern society. It aimed to
reverse the interlocking changes sweeping over the
South during Reconstruction: to destroy the Republican
party's infrastructure, undermine the Reconstruction
state, reestablish control of the black labor force, and
restore racial subordination in every aspect of Southern
life.” – Erik Foner
Bellingham, 1926
Election of 1876
1872: Congress grants
amnesty to most former
Confederates
Grant growing tired of
Reconstruction
Election of 1876
Election of 1876
Election ends without clear
winner: Florida, South
Carolina and Louisiana were
disputed
Sent to House of Reps
Compromise of 1877:
Hayes becomes President
Troops removed from South
Reconstruction ended
Redeemer Governments
White supremacists gain power in Southern
"Redeemer Governments“
Southern States pass laws to prohibit AfricanAmericans from voting
Poll Tax: Made voting a luxury that many AfricanAmericans couldn't afford
Literacy Tests: Tests administered to African-Americans
to test their "ability" to vote effectively
Grandfather Clauses: Excused whites from having to
pay tax or take literacy tests
Segregation re-established by Jim Crow Laws
Warm Up
What were the biggest
problems to solve
during
Reconstruction?
What different groups
emerged during
Reconstruction?
Reconstruction Activity
You need:
1 packet of documents
11x17 piece of paper
Something to write with
Reconstruction Activity
Today your table group will complete a series
of tasks in order to answer the prompt
In pairs, you will respond to the prompt
tomorrow
Write the prompt in the middle of the top of
your paper:
What caused Reconstruction to fail?
Reconstruction Activity
First Task
• Rank your
evidence from
most important to
least important
• This is a strict
ranking
–No clustering or
combining
Reconstruction Activity
Second Task
• Flip your paper over
• Write the event (Reconstruction)
in the center of your paper
• Position evidence on the paper
so that long term evidence is
furtherst away from the event,
and short term causes are close
to the event
Reconstruction Activity
Third Task
• Put your evidence into 2-4
categories
• Label each category with a
simply heading
Reconstruction Activity
Fourth Task
• Put your evidence
into 2-4 categories
• Label each category
with a simply
heading
Now, turn each
heading into a topic
sentence
Reconstruction Activity
Fifth Task:
Using the evidence provided, write a thesis
statement for the prompt:
Why did Reconstruction fail?
Submit your thesis statement to the
following link (also on Twitter/Website):
http://goo.gl/forms/iVfAyo01Ne
Partner Write
Using the documents provided, and evidence from
your notes, answer the following prompt:
Why did Reconstruction fail?
Please underline your thesis statement
When finished you may:
Work on tonight’s homework
Read and take notes on chapters:
12.1, 12.2, 12.4, 12.5