Do Now:
Read A Story That Matters, Painting the Sistine Chapel on p. 374
1.
Who hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
2.
What was Michelangelo’s attitude toward his art?
3.
How is the authority of the pope evident in this story?
Answers:
1. Pope Julius II
2. Very serious; he did not want to finish until he was satisfied.
3. Michelangelo did not want to paint it, but the pope insisted; ceiling
was finished early to please the pope
THE RENAISSANCE
Rebirth of Learning
1300-1600
"The Arnolfini Marriage“
by Jan van Eyck
What was the Renaissance?
• French word means “REBIRTH”
• Period when scholars (called humanists)
become interested in Greek and Roman
culture
• Period when culture thrived (art,
architecture, music, and literature)
How did the culture from the Middle Ages
differ from that of the Renaissance?
Middle Ages
Renaissance
• Towns small in
size and numbers
• Towns grow in
size and numbers
• Economy based on • Economy based on
farming on manor.
trade in towns/
cities
Continued
Middle Ages
• Nobles have most
of power
Renaissance
• Middle class
merchants have
most of power
• Status determined
by birth
• Status determined
by wealth and
ability
Continued
Middle Ages
• Emphasized faith
and tradition
• Glorified god
Renaissance
• Emphasized
reason and logic
• Glorified the
individual
• Church dominated • Guilds (Jobs)
dominated life
life
Continued
Middle Ages
• People did things
for glory of god
• Latin language of
literature
• Little cultural
achievement
Renaissance
• People did it for
Money and Fame.
• French, Italian,
Spanish, German,
English
• Great cultural
achievement
Where did the Renaissance begin?
•
•
•
•
City-states of Northern Italy
Florence
Venice
Milan
Why did the Renaissance begin in Northern
Italy?
Hint: It’s the same reason art
flourishes in cities today.
• $$$ from trade and new banking
industries to pay for artwork.
• Medici family in Florence gave
financial support to artists to
beautify city and mansions
How did Renaissance art differ from art of
the past?
Egyptian Art
Middle Ages Art
Les Tres riches
heures du Duc de
Berry
What general similarities do these early
artwork share?
• One dimensional
• Few colors-early paints mixture
of egg, vinegar, and dyes.
• Few background details
• Lacked realism
Now let us examine some art and artists
from the Renaissance!
• What differences do you notice
between the early artwork and the
artwork from the Renaissance?
Leonardo da Vinci
• illegitimate child
from 1452
• Jack of all trades:
painter, sculptor,
inventor, scientist
• Many of his
paintings today are
thought to have
hidden symbols that
show his disdain for
the church.
Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci: The Last
Supper
original 14ft x 29ft
Last Supper: reproduction
Today many historians and writers feel
Da Vinci had hidden messages in his works.
• Here are a few of
the more popular
theories….
• Dan Brown’s The Da
Vinci Code-Best Selling
Book and Movie
• Javier Sierra’s The Secret
Supper
Dan Brown: Da Vinci Code
• Why does the
apostle John look
more like a Jane?
• Theory: The apostle
is actually Mary
Magdalene.
Javier Sierra: The Secret Supper
• Why is Peter
holding a Knife?
• Theory: Pope
descended from
Peter-represents
Popes misguiding
Christianity and
God.
Other theories by Javier Sierra
• The one of the three men to Jesus’ far left is
drawn with the face of Da Vinci and
represent his disdain with the church.
• First painting of Jesus or apostles with out
sanctifying halos; sees them as men.
Womb
Vitruvian Man: Perfect Proportion
"From the roots of
his hair to the
bottom of his chin is
a tenth of a man's
height; from the
bottom of the chin
to the top of the
head is one eighth
of his height; from
the top of the
breast to the roots
of the hair will be
the seventh part of
the whole man. "
~ Notebooks of
Leonardo
The Phi ratio is often
found reflected in
nature- in the
spirals of the
nautilus, in the
growth patterns of
plants, the structure
of DNA. Buildings
such as the
Parthenon and the
Cathedral at
Chartres were built
using the Golden
Proportion.
golden ratio (1.618)
Early Design of the Machine Gun
Michelangelo
Italian sculptor, painter,
architect and poet.
Michelangelo: David
The Ultimate Masterpiece:
The Sistine Chapel
Creation of Adam
Temptation and expulsion from eden
Raphael: School of Athens
The School of Athens: Michelangelo
School of Athens: Plato and Aristotle
Jan Van Eyck: Wedding Portrait
What’s so great about the
Renaissance art?
•
•
•
•
More realistic
More detail
More vibrant colors : Oil Paints
Use of perspective: 3-D, uses
shading, vanishing point
How perspective works?
Perspective Study for "Adoration of the Magi"
Marriage
of The
Virgin
Raphael
Marriage
of The
Virgin
Raphael
Andrea Mantegna c.
1480
How were Renaissance artists suddenly
able to draw with photographic abilities?
• Let’s go to another 60 minute clip to
find out.