Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and
a Physiologist see a computer differently?
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Fun Fact:
For every pound of fat
gained you add 7 miles of
new blood vessels
Objectives:
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Define Anatomy and
Physiology and describe
various specialties of each
discipline.
Identify the major levels of
organism organization from
the simplest to most complex
Identify the organ systems of
the human body and the
major components of each
system.
Chapter 1- An Introduction
to Anatomy & Physiology
Part 1: * Interactive notes to correspond
with pages 4 - 10
An Introduction to Studying the Human
Body

Anatomy- the study of the structures of the
body and their relationship to each other
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Gross Anatomy- MACROSCOPIC
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Surface- or superficial
Regional- focusing on specific areas of the body
Systemic- how organ groups function together
Developmental- focus on changes between conception
and maturity also known as embryology
Microscopic Anatomy- Needs Magnification
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Cytology- analysis of cells
Histology- examination of tissues
An Introduction to Studying the Human
Body

Physiology – studies the functions of the
human body
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Cell- analyzes the chemical processes within and
between cells
Special – specialized or focuses on specific
organs
Systemic – includes the functioning of entire
organ systems
Pathological – studies the effect of diseases on
organs and organ systems
Levels of Organization
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Chemical or Molecular
Cellular
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organism
Journal #3: What is a thermostat? How
does it work? What is it’s purpose?
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Fun Fact:
25% of a human’s
bones are in the hands
and feet.
Objective:
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Explain Homeostasis and
it’s significance for
organisms.
Describe how negative
and positive feedback
are involved in
homeostatic regulation.
Chapter 1- An Introduction to
Anatomy & Physiology
Part 2 Homeostasis: * Interactive notes to correspond
with pages 11-14
Homeostasis

A condition in which the
internal environment of the
body(extracellular fluid)
remains constant.
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Chemical composition
Temperature
Pressure
A failure to maintain
homeostasis results in
DEATH!!!
How does a jellyfish maintain homeostasis?
Homeostatic regulation
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The adjustment of physiological systems to
maintain homeostasis.
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Autoregulation- cell, tissue, organ, or organ
system adjust in response to change.
Extrinsic Regulation- nervous or endocrine
systems adjust the activities of multiple systems
simultaneously.
Homeostatic Regulatory Mechanism
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Receptor
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Control Center
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Senses environmental
change
External stimuli
Receives & processes
stimuli
Sends out command
Effector
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Cell or organ that
responds to a command
Negative Feedback
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Primary mechanism of homeostatic
regulation
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A stimulus produces a response that opposes the
original stimulus
Example: Control of Body Temperature
Positive Feedback
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Rare
Stimulus creates a
response that
enhances the original
condition rather than
opposing it
Can be dangerous or
common in stressful
conditions
Systems Integration, Equilibrium,
& Homeostasis
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Occurs when opposing
processes or forces are
in balance
Loss of Homeostasis
indicates system
abnormality- disease or
damage.
Journal #3: What are some examples of
unavoidable experimental error from
yesterdays lab?
 Objective:
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Vocabulary:
10. Effector
11. Negative Feedback
12. Positive Feedback
13. State of Equilibrium
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Explain Homeostasis and
it’s significance for
organisms.
Describe how negative
and positive feedback
are involved in
homeostatic regulation.
Journal #4: Think back to that question
about a thermostat. When you are
controlling room temperature, what is
the receptor, control center, & effector?
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Vocabulary:
None :)
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Objective: (all previously copied)
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Explain Homeostasis and it’s
significance for organisms.
Describe how negative and
positive feedback are involved in
homeostatic regulation.
Name the major organ systems &
state their function
Journal #5: Describe to me how to get
to student services from here.
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Vocabulary:
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14. Anatomical Position
15. Abdominopelvic quadrants
16. Abdominopelvic regions
17. Transverse plane
18. Frontal plane
19. Sagittal plane
Objective:
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Use anatomical terms to describe
body sections, regions, and
positions
Identify the major body cavities
and their subdivisions.
Chapter 1- An Introduction to
Anatomy & Physiology
Part 3 Frames of Reference: * Interactive notes
to correspond with pages 15-22
Anatomy
uses a special language to describe
body sections, regions, and relative positions.
Review Figures 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, & 1-10
Anatomical Position
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Hands at side, palms
facing forward
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Standing front = anterior
Standing back = posterior
Laying face up = supine
Laying face down = prone
Anatomical
Landmarks
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Based on the structure
it is located on or near
Example: Gluteus or
buttock region near
gluteus muscles
Anatomical Regions
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Clinicians use 4
quadrants
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Useful reference for
description of pain or
injury.
RLQ tenderness is a
symptom of Appendicitis
Anatomists us 9
abdominopelvic regions
Anatomical Directions
Sectional Anatomy
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3 planes needed to describe a 3 dimensional object
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Transverse - cross section
Frontal- cut in half front & back
Sagittal- cut in half with 2 equal sides
Body Cavities (spaces)
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Internal chambers
with 2 functions:
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Protect delicate organs
Allow for change in
shape or size of
internal organs without
disruption of
surrounding tissues
Membranes
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Isolate and protect the organs
Serous Membranes
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Visceral- next to the organ
Parietal- next to the wall of the cavity
Ventral Body Cavity (coelom)
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Divided by the
diaphragm into the
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Thoracic cavity
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Pericardial cavity - heart
Pleural Cavity - lungs
Abdominopelvic cavity
Mediastinum
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Divides thoracic cavity
into 2 pleural cavities
Abdominopelvic Cavity
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Peritoneal
Abdominal
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Liver
Stomach
Spleen
Intestines
Pelvic
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Intestines
Bladder
Reproductive organs