Genetics Exam Review
Essential Questions:
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Why do we look like our family members?
Why don’t siblings look identical if they’re from the same parents?
How are traits passed on from generation to generation?
How did I go from one cell to billions of cells?
Gregor Mendel and the Pea Plants
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Describe the steps in Mendel’s experiments on true-breeding garden peas
Describe how Mendel was able to control how his pea plants were pollinated
Distinguish between dominant and recessive traits
Describe how Mendel’s results can be explained by scientific knowledge of genes and chromosomes.
Genetic Crosses
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Differentiate between genotype and phenotype of an organism
Explain how probability is used to predict the results of genetic crosses
Use a Punnett square to predict the results for an offspring
Non-Mendelian Inheritance and Pedigrees
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Describe the various non-Mendelian types of inheritance and give examples of each
Analyze a pedigree to determine information about genetic diseases
Meiosis:
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Explain the 3 ways genetic variation is introduced into the population:
What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?
Define Meiosis and explain what would happen if meiosis did not exist:
Define gamete and give an example:
How is meiosis related to Punnett squares?
Labs and Videos:
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What is genetic engineering? How did it begin? What are the issues surrounding it?
In general, which traits are more common in males? In females? (found on what chromosome?)
How are antigens and antibodies related to blood type?
Critical thinking questions:
1. Many inherited disorders of humans appear in children of parents who do not have the disorder. How can you
explain this?
2. The offspring of two short-tailed cats have a 25% chance of having no tail, a 25% chance of having a long tail,
and a 50% chance of having a short tail. Using this information, what can you hypothesize about the genotypes
of the parents and the way in which tail length is inherited?
3. Summarize how you think the understanding of heredity allows animal breeders to develop animals that have
desirable traits. What kinds of animals are bred for special purposes?
Vocabulary:
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Genetics
Heredity
Trait
Self-pollination
Cross-pollination
Dominant
Recessive
Allele
Genotype
Phenotype
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Punnett square
Genotypic ratio
Phenotypic ratio
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
Polygenic
Pedigree
Gamete
Zygote
Interphase
Mitosis
Meiosis
Cytokinesis
***I have genetics practice problems if you want to pick some up!*** If not, check out these websites:
Websites to help practice:
http://www.k-state.edu/biology/pob/genetics/mono.htm
http://www.k-state.edu/biology/pob/genetics/incom.htm
http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/genetics_practice.html --> Answer key:
http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/genetics_practice_key.html
http://anthro.palomar.edu/practice/mendqui1.htm
PEDIGREES:
http://www.classhelp.info/Biology/Genetics/PedigreePracticeProblems1.pdf
VIDEOS to help:
Genetics: http://www.bozemanscience.com/genetics
Mendelian genetics: http://www.bozemanscience.com/029-mendelian-genetics
Genotypes and phenotypes: http://www.bozemanscience.com/033-genotypes-and-phenotypes
Punnet squares: http://www.bozemanscience.com/beginners-guide-to-punnett-squares