Presented by: Richard Liu

 Something that means more than what is suggested on the surface.
 Can be an object, person, a situation, an action, or some other element that has a literal meaning in the story but suggests or represents other meanings as well.
 Exampled: In “A Worn Path,” the name “Phoenix” has several meanings that are relevant to Welty’s (Main Character) personality. In Egyptian mythology, a Phoenix was a bird that consumed itself by fire, but then rose from its own ashes. Thus, the Phoenix symbolizes Welty’s personality.

Art thou pale for weariness
Of climbing heaven, and gazing on the earth,
Wandering companionless
Among the stars that have a different birth,—
And ever-changing, like a joyless eye
That finds no object worth its constancy?
A ferry shows dying in A. E. Housman’s “XXIII”
Crossing alone the nighted ferry
With the one coin for fee,
Whom, on the wharf of Lethe waiting,
Count you to find? Not me
 The moon symbolizes fatigue, loneliness, useless labor, and unrequited love.

 Story that has a second meaning beneath the surface, endowing a cluster of characters, objects, and events with added significance; often the pattern relates each literal term to a corresponding idea or moral principle.
 Different from symbolism in that it puts less emphasis on literal terms and more on the ulterior meaning. Ulterior meanings are usually fixed and constitute a pre-existing principle or moral
 For example: Medieval and Renaissance religious allegories usually illustrate Christian principles.

 Although the story can be seen as a tortoise beating a hare in a footrace, the underlying meaning is to show that some people are born with natural talents, but waste them to idleness or laziness.
 “Slow and steady wins the race.”

 Non realistic story that transcends the bounds of known reality.
 Used to communicate truths by means of imagined facts.
 Fables, ghost stories, and science fiction.
 For example: The author writes about a person climbing up a beanstalk and reaching an alien spaceship at the top.

 Young Goodman Brown
 The Lottery
 The Rocking Horse Winner
 The Most Dangerous Game

Whilst I gaze so warmly in your eyes my dearest,
I see deeply your pure angelic soul of love
Reflecting like a radiant flight of a dove,
Charting its flight on so high emotions purest!
Our spirits ascend high in the sky so clearest
To the very boundaries of Heaven my love,
Where the power of brightness is God’s best above.
Your look of precious love is always mine dearest!
When we kiss so passionately our lips so melt,
As we caress warmly emotions are so felt!
Why we do this darling defines our love so dear,
As counts the worth of angels’ blessings to be here!
How we love each other so matters on God’s Earth,
Your look of so precious love exceeds all gold’s worth!

My heart leaps up when I behold
A rainbow in the sky
Spring and daisies means youth in Sara Teasdale’s “Wild Asters”:
In the spring, I asked the daisies
If his words were true,
And the clever, clear-eyed daisies
Always knew.
Brown and barren means growing old in Sara Teasdale’s “Wild Asters”:
Now the fields are brown and barren,
Bitter autumn blows,
Bitter autumn means death in Sara Teasdale’s “Wild Asters”:
Now the fields are brown and barren,
Bitter autumn blows,
And of all the stupid asters
Not one knows.

Crystal tears drown under the best velvet distinctive feel
A Ghostly feel that leads into a clear diamond road
I found myself seduced down an Ancient Silk Caravan path,
There she hid behind the golden stones she built around her heart.
She was a white gem against the deepest night
She spoke Latin words upon this dreamy sky
Her eyes were deep and the size of my mother’s midnight pearls
I fell into the stare of her bedroom eyes
Wishing to taste the sweetness of her coconut milk fragrance.
She lowers the cloak to reveal the beauty in her black pearly eyes
Raven hair under her soft sensual disguise
Her lips redder than the violet rays of the sunset
She buried her beauty, and then exposed what’s under the cloak
Soon, her body turned into rot and bones
Her fingers pointed towards another path,
A rugged road of stones and pearls
I took a blade and press it against my skin,
Concealing my life shut, after she revealed all my forbidden sins
Her lip, her eyes, her pearly grin, my last vision as my blood drew thin
A sweet kiss of death, falling into the eyes of Pandora’s Spell

 Symbolism, Allegory, and Fantasy are literary devices used to convey a message, moral, or principle that is not shown concretely in a story, poem or literary element.

 Examples of Symbolism in Poetry." YourDictionary, n.d.Web. 28
November 2014. <http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-ofsymbolism-in-poetry.html>.
 "Examples of Allegory - Introduction to Allegory." Examples of Allegory -
Introduction to Allegory. HappyKidsSchool, n.d.Web. 28 Nov. 2014.
 Arp, Thomas R. and Greg Johnson. Perrine's Literature: Structure, Sound and Sense. 11th Edition. Boston: Wadsworth Publishing, 2012. Print.